Dale, J., Hyatt, J., & Hollerman, J. (2007).

The neoroscience of dance and the dance of

neuroscience. The journal of Aesthetic education , 89-110.

In this journal, the authors are in an attempt to provide a very useful framework for
the discussion and investigation of the links between the disciplines of neuroscience and
dance. They are disparate disciplines and due to this, the attempt arose from an
interdisciplinary course offering the topics. There was a big need in the preparation for the
exploration of this uncharted territory to define relevant landmarks in forms of a conceptual
framework.
There is a current presentation of that developing structure. The authors have
considered the historical context that has over the years contributed to the cultural distance
between neuroscience and dance as disciplines. It has focused on the conceptual and also the
technical obstacles to collaborative work that exists between these two disciplines. It features
the recent developments that are either conceptual or technological that make an interface
between the field of neuroscience and dance.
They have also shown how recent developments in theoretical and technical
frameworks make the interface between neuroscience and dance. It has been a very fruitful
source of inspiration for dancers, neuroscientists and all disciplines that are involved in health
and education in general. In this article, there is also an attempt in the inquiry of an area in
the neuroscience of dance that has been used to focus on the dancer instead of the audience.

Blasing, ,. B., Calvo-Merino, ,. B., Cross, ,. E., Jola, ,. C., Honisch, ,. J., & Stevens, ,. C.
(2012). Neurocognitive Control in Dance perception and performance. Acta
psychologica , 300-308.

This article holds the ideas that dance are a rich source of material for the researchers who
are interested in the integration of movement and cognition. The aim of this article is the
presentation of basic research on cognitive and neural processes that are implicated in the in
the execution, expression, and in the observation of dance. It helps bring into relief the
contemporary issues and open research questions.
It addresses the dancers exemplary motor control through postural control, equilibrium
maintenance and overall stabilization. It also focuses on how dancers timing and their on-line
synchronization can be influenced by attention demands and their motor experience. It
addresses critical roles that are played by sequence learning and memory, and how the
dancers make the strategic use of their visual and motor imagery. Also, it looks at the insights
into the neural coupling that exists between action and the perception that is yielded in the
exploration of the brain architecture mediating dance observation. Lastly, it focuses on the
neuroaesthetics perspective that focuses on how the audiences perceive and evaluate dance
expression.
This journal article has been used to show current and emerging issues regarding the future
directions that will be used to facilitate the ongoing dialogue between science and dance.

Sellers-Young, ,. B. (2013). Motions in stillness-stillness in motion: Contemplative practice

in performing arts. Embodied Consciousness: Performance Technologies , 75.

In this essay, Barbara Sellers have provided a brief history of Zen and also other
crucial contemplative forms in the United States of America and their intersection with
research in neuroscience and embodied cognition. It has also focused on the integration of
contemplative approaches in training of the performing artists and meditative practices
contribution to the new approaches to pedagogy and thus the result of the evolution of
knowledge. Through this, the essay is aimed at the continuation of the Legacy of Merce
Cunningham whose life at home, on stage and in the rehearsal room were an investigation of
motion in stillness-stillness in motion.

Berrol, C. F., & Katz, ,. S. (1985). Dance/movement therapy in the rehabilitation of

individuals surviving severe head injuries. American journal of head injury , 46-66.

Case studies have been used in the writing of this journal article. The writer has given an
approximation of about 700,000 individuals that are admitted to the hospitals annually due to
severe brain injuries. Out of the 700,000 people, 7000 suffer from a long-term disruption in
their human domains leading to altered quality of life. Effective treatment is dependent on a
well trained multi-disciplinary team approach.
In this journal, there is the address of the rehabilitation issue about the
dance/movement therapy in conjunction with the kinesiology and neuroplasticity of science.
First, it discusses the pathological consequence of the trauma to the nerves, it then focuses on

therapeutic considerations. Lastly, intervention strategies are discussed within the context of
individual and group settings and illustrated through the case studies.

Lohse, K., Hilderman, C., Cheng, K. L., Tatla, S., & Van, d. l. (2014). Virtual reality
therapy for adults post-stroke. A meta-analysis exploring virtual environments and
commercial games in therapy , 9(3).

The authors wrote this journal in a bid to review systematically the evidence for virtual
reality treatment in the adults who were previously attacked by a stroke. It was done in both
custom-built virtual environments and the commercially available gaming systems. Methods
used included MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, ERIC among others in controlled trials that
compared virtual reality to conventional therapy. It was proven that virtual reality improved
outcomes compared to conventional methods in adult post-stroke patients. Current
commercially gaming interventions have been too small to assess the potential benefits of
commercial gaming.
Future research should aim in the helping of the investigation of commercially
available systems in larger RCTS. In the University of Alabama, it is proven that
considerable amounts of exercise are required to induce neuroplastic change. Aerobic and
motor skills may also help increase neuroplasticity.

Sarah, E. C. (2002). Dance movement therapy and sensory integration. Retrieved

August 12, 2015, from http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED291746.pdf

This paper addresses a therapeutic approach in the working of those children in dance therapy
settings. The author, Sarah Cleary has identified dance therapists that were asked to
incorporate sensory integration techniques with the dance therapy sessions. It is a dissertation
that has been approved by the Somatic Psychology Department. In this essay, the author has
come up with a manual that is to be utilized by a dance therapist in her sessions. It was for
elementary aged children who display a sign of sensory integration symptoms.
The results showed that the utilization of sensory integration techniques in
conjunction with dance therapy can lead to beneficial changes in behaviour. It can then turn
into the accomplishment of therapeutic goals.

Bratisl, L. L. (2002, February 6). Clinical neurokinesiology of spastic gait. Retrieved August
12, 2015, from http://www.bmj.sk/2002/10301-01.pdf

In the cases of spasticity, there is a destitute correlation between EMG activity and
also the tension development in the spastic muscle. Stress has been known to increase in the
absence of sufficient muscle activation, disconnection and deys coordination between muscle
activation. The pattern of muscle activation and development of the increased muscle tone in
the patients with spasticity may differ from those observed in the clinical testing of active
muscles. In this paper, the author has insisted on the need to determine apparently functional
goals from the kinesiologist point of view of the patients impairment. He insists on the fact
that the result of disability and handicap should always be considered and a multidisciplinary

approach found in the care. He leaves the idea of dance therapy about kinesiology and
neuroplasty for further research in dealing with spasticity.

Levy, & Fran, J. (2013). Dance therapy movement. Retrieved August 12, 2013,
from http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED291746.pdf

The American Alliance is an institution that is dedicated to helping in research in

health, leisure, and movement-related activities for the enrichment of human life. Its
objectives include professional growth and development, research, communication, standards
and guidelines. This book has been authored to examine the field of dance therapy from its
beginning in the 1940s to the present. There is a detailed analysis conducted on the theory
and also the practice of the major pioneers. The leaders of the book have been discussed like
Laban Movement Analysis as well as dance therapy in particular patient/client settings.
The author through the chapters has shown the theory and the practice that make up
dance therapy. He has shown how they emerged, the people it helps and how it helps them. It
has collaborated kinesiology and neuroplasticity to ensure that the people involved in the
dance therapy recover fully.

Noice, T.H.K. (2014). Participatory arts for older adults. A review of benefits and
challenges , 741-753.

This article has been used by the author to review the scientific literature on the
enhancement of healthy aging for the older adults through participation in arts. Studies have
been shown in the studies of dance therapy through kinesiology and neuroplasticity,

expressive writing, music, and theatre arts. It has offered the suggestions possible for the
expanding of enquiry into the less investigated corner of the aging research. It will act as a
good beginning for one interested in the study of dance therapy using neuroplasticity and
kinesiology about helping the older generation.

Hummerlsheim, H. (1999). Rationales for improving motor function. Current opinion in

neurology , 697-701.

There have been new findings in basic neuroscience and the growing knowledge in of
neuroplasticity and motor learning. It has lead to influence and has provided stimuli for motor
rehabilitation research. The motor practice has been identified by scientists to be a crucial
role in motor recovery. This journal focuses on the motor imagery and music therapy to help
in the car recovery of affected individuals. Dance has been singled out by the author in the
phase of the recovery of the movement therapy for the patients.
The author has used the six years of designing the rehabilitation strategies in helping
him in his research. Out of the six years, it is known that there is a strong theoretical basis in
the cognitive neuroscience.

Nauert, R. & Johnson P. (2011). Adaptive music/dance therapy: an activity to improve

quality of life in long term care settings. International Journal of Health, Wellness
& Society, 1(1), 91-102.
The article describes a study that took place in a long-term care facility in order to
argue that music and dance therapy can help reduce and or minimize chances of

cognitive disabilities amongst the elderly. If the physical and mental competencies
among the long-term care facility population continues to decline, more assistance
would be a necessity which in turn would be more expensive than investing in that
program. Patients in long-term facilities are more likely to be depressed because they
deal with health complications that later affect their ability to perform tasks of daily
living. Music and dance therapy is a non-pharmacological approach. The study
showed mild improvements in mental status and cognitive abilities but significant
improvements in depression. This is a helpful source to argue the effectiveness of
dance therapy.

Dasgupta, M. (2013). The efficacy of dance/movement therapy as revealed through the

qualitative lens of somatic inkblot series. SIS Journal of Projective Psychology
and Mental Health, 20, 110-121.
Although the inkblot test has been criticized for being a bit too subjective, its
excellent for conveying the efficacy for dance therapy. This study based on the
principle that the mind and body are inseparable, uses DMT to monitor changes in
ones projective mode. The study uses the Profile of Mood States (POMS) along with
the Somatic Inkblot Series (SIS-II) and eight sessions of therapeutic intervention
testing the patient three times (before DMT, after, and then again two weeks later to
see if the effects remained). The tests showed that there was significant reduction in
negative emotions and mood disturbance even after sessions of DMT have stopped.

Guzmn-Garca, A., Hughes, J.C., James, I.A., Rochester, L. (2013). Dancing as a

psychosocial intervention in care homes: a systematic review of the literature.
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28, 914-924.
This literature review went over seven qualitative and three quantitative studies using
different approaches that decreased problematic behaviors and improved social
interaction. The different approaches included therapeutic dance, dance therapy, dance
movement therapy, social dancing and psychomotor dance-based exercise. Overall the
studies supported the assertion that dance therapy should be considered throughout
care homes because aside from when studies show that there is minimal change, there
are proven to show improvements.

Sandel, S.L., Judge, J.O., Landry, N., Ouellette, R., Majczak, M. (2005). Dance and
movement program improves quality-of-life measures in breast cancer survivors.
Cancer Nurse, 28(4), 301-390
This article studies the effects of a dance movement program designed to address the
emotional and physical needs of women following their treatment for breast cancer. A
lot of the time, cancer survivors are left to figure everything out about jumping back
in to the real world post treatment on their own. The study had a breast cancer specific
quality-of-life measure, shoulder range of motion (ROM) measure and Body Image
Scale. The study shows that the quality-of-life for participants did in fact improve.

Duignan, D., Hedley, L., Milverton, R. (2009). Exploring dance as a therapy for

symptoms and social interaction in a dementia care unit. Nursing Times, 105(30),1922.
Agitation is a symptom that has been a recurring issue in dementia care. This article
reviews an experiment that tests the effects of using Wu Tao dance therapy on the
levels of agitation in dementia patients in a care facility. The Cohen- Mansfield
Agitation Inventory (CMAI) was used as a tool to measure the level of agitation
before and after the therapy was applied in order to distinguish any changes. More
than half of the patients showed improvement. This source is good for arguing the
effectiveness of dance therapy.