Pengenalan Standard Code

Standard code merupakan makanan wajib bagi seorang engineer. Standard code ini menjadi dasar acuan
engineer baik dalam design, testing, fabrikasi, instalasi, maupun commisioning. Selain itu juga ada
beberapa code yang menjelaskan acuan untuk repair atau maintenance. Itu semua hanya mempunyai
tujuan satu yang ujung-ujungnya untuk safety, baik yang berdampak terhadap humanity maupun
terhadap sistem itu sendiri.
Masing-masing disiplin mempunyai code sendiri. Dasar pengembangannya berdasarkan pada beberapa
kasus kecelakaan sebelumnya. Secara umum standard merupakan sebagai persyaratan perancangan yang
baik dan benar sedangkan code itu sendiri merupakan produk dari lembaga standard yang disesuaikan
dengan disiplin dan ditandai dengan kode-kode tertentu. Ada beberapa standard yang digunakan oleh
engineer antara lain:
1.

ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)

2.

API (American Petroleum Institute)

3.

ANSI (American National Standards Institute)

4.

ASTM (American Standard Testing and Material)

5.

ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers)

6.

AWS (American Welding Society)

7.

NACE (National Association of Corrosion Engineers)

8.

NFPA (National Fire Protection Association)

9.

JIS (Japanese Industrial Standard)

10.

DIN (Deutsches Institute fur Normung)

11.

TEMA (Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association)

12.

EJMA (Expansion joint Manufacturers Association) , dll

Adapun beberapa code yang digunakan antara lain:

Code ASME untuk Pressure Vessel dan Boilers:

ASME Section I. Power Boilers

ASME Section II. Materials

Part A: Ferrous Material Specifications
Part B: Nonferrous Material Specifications
Part C: Specifications for Welding, Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals
Part D: Properties

ASME Section III. Rules for Construction of Nuclear Components

Subsection NCA: General Requirements for Divisions 1 and 2
Division 1
Subsection NB: Class 1 Components
Subsection NC: Class 2 Components
Subsection ND: Class 3 Components
Subsection NE: Class MC Components
Subsection NF: Supports
Subsection NG: Core Support Structures
Subsection NH: Class 1 Components in Elevated Temperature Service
Appendices
Division 2. Code for Concrete Containments
Division 3. Containment Systems for Storage and Transport Packaging of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High
Level Radioactive Materials and Waste

ASME Section IV. Heating Boilers

ASME Section V. Nondestructive Examination

ASME Section VI. Recommended Rules for Care and Operation of Heating Boilers

ASME Section VII. Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers

ASME Section VIII. Pressure Vessels

Division 1. Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels
Division 2. Alternative Rules
Division 3. Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels

ASME Section IX. Welding and Brazing Qualifications

ASME Section X. Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels

ASME Section XI. Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components
Code ASME Untuk Piping & Pipeline;

ASME B31.1, Power Piping

ASME B31.3, Process Piping

ASME B31.4, Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other Liquids

ASME B31.5, Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components

ASME B31.8, Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems

ASME B31.8S, Managing System Integrity of Gas Pipelines

ASME B31.9, Building Services Piping

ASME B31.11, Slurry Transportation Piping Systems

ASME B31G-1991, Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines
Code API antara lain:

API Spec. 5L Line Pipe

API Spec. 6D Pipeline Valves

API Spec. 6FA Fire Test for Valves

API Spec. 12D Field Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids

API Spec. 12F Shop Welded Tanks for Storage of Production Liquids

API Spec. 12J Oil and Gas Separators

API Spec. 12K Indirect Type Oil Field Heaters

API Spec. 12L Specification for Vertical and Horizontal Emulsion Treaters

API Spec. 12P Specification for Fibreglass Reinforced Plastic Tanks

API Std. 510 Pressure Vessel Inspection Code

API Std. 526 Flanged Steel Safety Relief Valves

API Std. 527 Seat Tightness of Pressure Relief Valves

API Std. 594 Wafer and Wafer-Lug Check Valves

API Std. 598 Valve Inspection and Testing

API Std. 599 Metal Plug Valves Flanged and Butt-Welding Ends

API Std. 600 Steel Gate Valves Flanged and Butt-Welding Ends

API Std. 602 Compact Steel Gate Valves Flanged Threaded, Welding, and Extended-Body
Ends

API Std. 603 Class 150, Cast, Corrosion-Resistant, Flanged-End Gate Valves

API Std. 607 Fire Test for Soft-Seated Quarter-Turn Valves

API Std. 608 Metal Ball Valves Flanged and Butt-Welding Ends

API Std. 609 Lug and Wafer Type Butterfly Valves

API Std. 610 Centrifugal Pumps For Petroleum, Heavy Duty Chemical and Gas Industry Services

API Std. 611 General Purpose Steam Turbines for Refinery Services

API Std. 612 Special Purpose Steam Turbines for Refinery Services

API Std. 613 Special Purpose Gear Units for Refinery Services

API Std. 614 Lubrication, Shaft-Sealing and Control Oil Systems for Special Purpose Application

API Std. 615 Sound Control of Mechanical Equipment for Refinery Services

API Std. 616 Gas Turbines for Refinery Services

API Std. 617 Centrifugal Compressors for General Refinery Services

API Std. 618 Reciprocating Compressors for General Refinery Services

API Std. 619 Rotary-Type Positive Displacement Compressors for General Refinery Services

API Std. 620 Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low Pressure Storage Tanks

API Std. 630 Tube and Header Dimensions for Fired Heaters for Refinery Service

API Std. 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage

API Std. 660 Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Service

API Std. 661 Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Service

API Std. 670 Vibrations, Axial Position, and Bearing-Temperature Monitoring System

API Std. 671 Special Purpose Coupling for Refinery Service

API Std. 674 Positive Displacement Pumps Reciprocating

API Std. 675 Positive Displacement Pumps Controlled Volume

API Std. 676 Positive Displacement Pumps Rotary

API Std. 677 General Purpose Gear Units for Refineries Services

API Std. 678 Accelerometer-Base Vibration Monitoring System

API Std. 1104 Welding Pipelines and Related Facilities

API Std. 2000 Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks Non-Refrigerated and
Refrigerated

API Std. 2530 Measurement Standard Chapter 14, Natural Gas