DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
HALAMAN JUDUL.......................................................................................i
DAFTAR ISI....................................................................................................ii
DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................iii
DAFTAR GAMBAR.......................................................................................iv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN...............................................................................1
1.1. Latar Belakang......................................................................................1
1.2. Identifikasi Masalah..............................................................................5
1.3. Pembatasan Masalah.............................................................................5
1.4. Perumusan Masalah..............................................................................6
1.5. Tujuan Penelitian...................................................................................6
1.6. Kegunaan Penelitian.............................................................................6
BAB II KERANGKA TEORITIK DAN KERANGKA BERPIKIR..........7
2.1. Kerangka Teoritik..................................................................................7
2.1.1. Definisi Pengukuran........................................................................7
2.1.1.1. Kesalahan dalam Pengukuran....................................................8
2.1.2. Termometer......................................................................................9
2.1.2.1. Jenis Jenis Termometer............................................................10
2.1.2.2. Standar Temperatur....................................................................14
2.1.3. Definisi Kalibrasi.............................................................................15
2.1.3.1. Istilah dalam Kalibrasi...............................................................17
2.1.3.2. Pentingnya Melakukan Kalibrasi pada Alat Ukur......................19
2.1.4. Teknik Pendinginan.........................................................................22
2.1.4.1. Sejarah Singkat Teknik Pendinginan..........................................23
2.1.5. Komponen Sistem Pendinginan.......................................................24
2.1.5.1. Evaporator..................................................................................24
2.1.5.2. Klasifikasi Evaporator................................................................24
2.1.5.3. Kompressor................................................................................27

2.1.5.4. Cara Kerja Kompressor..............................................................28

2.1.5.5. Klasifikasi Kompressor..............................................................29
2.1.5.6. Kondensor..................................................................................32
2.1.5.7. Klasifikasi Kondensor................................................................33
2.1.5.8. Cooling Tower............................................................................37
2.1.5.9. Alat Kontrol Refrijeran...............................................................38
2.1.5.10. Klasifikasi Refrijeran...............................................................38
2.1.6. Chiller..............................................................................................42
2.1.6.1. Prinsip Kerja Chiller..................................................................44
2.1.6.2. Jenis Jenis Chiller....................................................................44
2.1.7. Multifunction Calibration (MC5)....................................................48
2.1.7.1. Prosedur Startup.........................................................................51
2.1.7.2. Mode Dasar................................................................................53
2.1.7.3. Pengukuran.................................................................................54
2.1.7.4. Kalibrasi.....................................................................................55
2.1.7.5. Mengkalibrasi Instrumen............................................................57
2.1.7.6. Jendela Instrumen.......................................................................58
2.1.7.7. Membuat Instrumen Baru...........................................................58
2.1.7.8. Meng-edit Instrumen Data.........................................................59
2.1.7.9. Pengaturan Halaman kalibrasi....................................................61
2.1.7.10. Menghapus Instrumen..............................................................61
2.1.7.11. Melihat Hasil Kalibrasi.............................................................62
2.1.7.12. Jendela Hasil Kalibrasi.............................................................63
2.2. Kerangka Berpikir.................................................................................63
2.3. Rumus Untuk Menguji Ketelitian.........................................................64
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN................................................................67
3.1. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian................................................................68
3.1.1. Tempat Penelitian............................................................................68
3.1.2. Waktu Penelitian..............................................................................68
3.2. Metodologi Penelitian...........................................................................68

3.3. Rancangan Penelitian............................................................................68

3.4. Prosedur Penelitian...............................................................................69
3.4.1. Observasi dan Pemilihan Tempat Penelitian...................................69
3.4.2. Identifikasi dan Pengkodean Sampel...............................................69
3.4.3. Melakukan Pengukuran dan Kalibrasi di Lapangan........................70
3.4.4. Analisis Data....................................................................................70
3.4.5. Perolehan Data Kalibrasi.................................................................71
3.4.6. Jika Sesuai dengan Spesifikasi Termometer....................................71
3.4.7. Kesimpulan......................................................................................71
3.5. Alat dan Bahan......................................................................................71
3.5.1. Alat...................................................................................................71
3.5.2. Bahan...............................................................................................72
3.6. Teknik Pengambilan Data.....................................................................72
3.7. Teknik Analisis Data.............................................................................74

DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1. Perbedaan Air Cooled Chiller dan Water Cooled Chiller................46
Tabel 3.1. Tabel Identifikasi Instrumen............................................................72
Tabel 3.2. Hasil Kalibrasi Termometer.............................................................73

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1. Keping Bimetal............................................................................12
Gambar 2.2. Alat Ukur Menggunakan Keping Bimetal...................................12
Gambar 2.3. Termometer Gas...........................................................................13
Gambar 2.4. Pirometer......................................................................................14
Gambar 2.5. Grafik Rentang Kesalahan...........................................................21
Gambar 2.6. Grafik Kesalahan Nol..................................................................20
Gambar 2.7. Grafik Gabungan Kesalahan Nol dan Rentang Kesalahan..........21
Gambar 2.8. Grafik Kesalahan Linear..............................................................21
Gambar 2.9. Frosting Evaporator....................................................................26
Gambar 2.10. Kompressor Torak......................................................................30
Gambar 2.11. Kompressor Rotasi.....................................................................31
Gambar 2.12. Kompressor Hermatic................................................................31
Gambar 2.13. Kompressor Sentrifugal.............................................................32
Gambar 2.14. Kondensor Berpendingin Air Sistem Air Limbah......................34
Gambar 2.15. Kondensor Berpendingin Air Sistem Resirkulasi......................35
Gambar 2.16. Kondensor Berpendingin Campuran Jenis Pipa Rangkap
(Double Tube)............................................................................35
Gambar 2.17. Kondensor Berpendingin Campuran Jenis Tabung
Dan Gabungan Pipa (shell and coil)..........................................36
Gambar 2.18. Cooling Tower............................................................................38
Gambar 2.19. Katup Ekspansi Otomatis...........................................................39
Gambar 2.20. Katup Ekspansi Termostatik......................................................40
Gambar 2.21. Pelampung Pengontrol...............................................................41
Gambar 2.22. Pipa Kapiler...............................................................................42
Gambar 2.23. Chiller........................................................................................43
Gambar 2.24. Air Cooled Chiller.....................................................................45
Gambar 2.25. Absorption Water Chiller...........................................................47
Gambar 2.26. Centrifugal Chiller.....................................................................48
Gambar 2.27. Rantai Kalibrasi ........................................................................49

Gambar 2.28. MC5 (Multifunction Calibration) .............................................50

Gambar 2.29. Bagan Fungsi Firmware.............................................................50
Gambar 2.30. Tombol Kursor ..........................................................................51
Gambar 2.31. Tombol Layar On/Off ...............................................................51
Gambar 2.32. Tombol Menentukan Nomor Numerik.......................................52
Gambar 2.33. Tombol Pemilihan Fungsi..........................................................52
Gambar 2.34. Tombol untuk Fungsi yang Dikerjakan......................................53
Gambar 2.35. Tombol untuk Fungsi yang Dikerjakan......................................53
Gambar 2.36. Tampilan Layar Mode dasar.......................................................54
Gambar 2.37. Akan Memilih Pengukuran........................................................54
Gambar 2.38. Opsional Terminal HART..........................................................55
Gambar 2.39. Tampilan Data Kalibrasi............................................................57
Gambar 2.40. Tampilan Jendela Instrumen......................................................58
Gambar 2.41. Membuat Instrumen Baru..........................................................58
Gambar 2.42. Pilihan Input dan Output............................................................59
Gambar 2.43. Tampilan Umum Instrumen Data...............................................60
Gambar 2.44. Tampilan Instrumen Input..........................................................60
Gambar 2.45. Tampilan Instrumen Output.......................................................61
Gambar 2.46. Tampilan Pengaturan Kalibrasi..................................................61
Gambar 2.47. Cara Menghapus Instrumen.......................................................62
Gambar 2.48. Melihat Hasil Kalibrasi..............................................................62
Gambar 2.49. Gambar Tabel dan Grafik Hasil Kalibrasi..................................63
Gambar 3.1. Flowchart Rancangan Penelitian.................................................68
Gambar 3.2. Pengukuran Suhu Pada Chiller....................................................74