The Transport System In

Plants
Sistem Pengangkutan Dalam
- 95% of weight of a plant water
Tumbuhan
- 95% daripada berat tumbuhan adalah air
- Without enough water, plants will wilt
- Tanpa air yang cukup tumbuhan akan layu

Wilted plants
Tumbuhan yang
layu

Normal plant turgid

Tumbuhan normal
segah

Wilted plant
Tumbuhan
layu

Normal and wilted plant

Tumbuhan yang normal dan tumbuhan yang layu

Why plants wilted?

Mengapakah tumbuhan
layu?

- Water in a plant exerts pressure against the cell wall

- Air di dalam tumbuhan menghasilkan tekanan ke
atas dinding sel
- The cell become swollen or turgid that provide
strength to support the plant
- Sel membengkak atau segah yang memberikan
kekuatan untuk menyokong tumbuhan
- If plant loses a lot of water, they lose their turgidity
and become soft or placcid. It cannot support plant
and they will wilt
- Jika tumbuhan kehilangan banyak air, mereka
hilang kesegahan dan menjadi lembut atau kecut. Ia
tidak dapaat menyokong tumbuhan dan ia akan layu

Transpiration and Stomata

Transpirasi dan Liang Stoma
- Plant can loses water especially in hot day
through evaporation
- Tumbuhan kehilangan air terutamanya ketika
hari panas secara penyejatan
- Water evaporates from leaves through a
small opening called stomata
- Air tersejat dari daun melalui satu liang kecil
dinamakan liang stoma
- The process which the water loses through
stomata called TRANSPIRATION
- Proses di mana kehilangan air melalui liang
stoma dipanggil TRANSPIRASI

- Stomata situated in leaf epidermis, can open

and enclose by two guard cells
- Liang stoma terdapat pada epidermis daun,
boleh terbuka dan tertutup dengan di kawal
oleh dua sel pengawal

The structure of
stomata
Struktur liang stoma

- The stoma usually open during the day

enable the exchange of carbon dioxide and
oxygen. This can cause the loses of water by
transpiration
- Liang stoma biasanya terbuka pada waktu
siang untuk pertukaran gas karbon dioksida
dan oksigen. Ini menyebabkan kehilangan air
secara transpirasi
- But, during hot day, the stomata closed to
prevent the loses more water
-

Factors Affecting the Rate of Transpiration

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi
Kadar Transpirasi

Light / Cahaya
Temperature / Suhu
Humidity / Kelembapan
Wind / Angin

Role of
Transpiration
Peranan
Transpirasi
1. To transport water and minerals
2. Cools the leaves
1. Untuk mengangkut air dan
mineral
2. Menyejukkan daun

Xylem and
Phloem
Xilem dan
- Water that lost Floem
from leaves through
-

transpiration need to be replaced.

Air yang hilang secara traspirasi perlu
diganti
While transporting water, plants also
need to transport minerals to growing
tissues
Ketika mengangkut air, tumbuhan juga
perlu mengangkut bahan mineral untuk
tisu-tisu
Water and minerals are transported
through a tube in a roots, stems and

- If in humans, substances that are

needed in our body are
transported by blood (artery, vein
and capillary), in plants, they are
transported by a special tube
called xylem and phloem
- Jika dalam tubuh manusia bahan
keperluan diangkut oleh darah
(arteri, vena dan kapilari), dalam
tumbuhan, bahan keperluan
diangkut oleh sejenis tiub yang
istimewa di panggil xilem dan
floem
- Xylem transports water and
minerals while nutrients such as

Xylem
Transport
water and
minerals
from the
root to
other parts
of plants
Xilem
Mengangkut
air dan
mineral dari
akar ke

Stem
Bata
ng

Phloem
Transport
glucose
from leaves
to other
parts of
plants
Floem
Mengangku
t glukosa
dari daun
ke
bahagian

In
stem

In
root

Investigating the transport of

glucose by the phloem
Menyiasat pengangkutan glukosa
oleh floem

Kulit pokok yang

mengandungi
floem di potong
keliling

The pathway of glucose

through phloem from
leaves
Laluan glukosa melalui
floem dari daun

The bark swollen

Kulit pokok
membengkak

Excretion
Perkumuh
an

A process which excretory

organs remove waste products
from our body
Suatu proses di mana organ
perkumuhan menyingkirkan
bahan buangan dari tubuh kita

- Waste products are produced when

cells in our body carry out various
chemical process
- Bahan buangan dihasilkan apabila selsel dalm tubuh menjalankan pelbagai
proses kimia
- Waste products are toxic substances
and need to be removed from our
body
- Bahan buangan adalah bahan beracun
dan perlu disingkirkan dari tubuh
- What kind of waste products that
should be removed?
- Apakah bahan buangan yang perlu

- Examples of waste products: water,

carbon dioxide, mineral salt and urea
- Contoh bahan buangan: air, karbon
dioksida, garam mineral dan urea

These are the organs that involved in removing the

waste products from our body
Ini adalah organ-organ yang terlibat dalam
menyingkirkan bahan buangan dari tubuh kita

Lungs

Kidney
s
Skin

Lungs
Paruparu

Kidneys
Buah
Pinggang

Skin
Kulit

They are known as

excretory organs
Organ ini dikenali sebagai
organ perkumuhan

Skin
Kulit

Lungs
Paru-paru
Kidneys
Buah
Pinggang

Excrete water, mineral salt

and urea sweat
Menyingkirkan air, garam
mineral dan urea ketika
berpeluh
Excrete water and carbon
dioxide exhale
Menyingkirkan air dan karbon
dioksida ketika menghembus
nafas
Excrete water, mineral salt
and urea urine
Menyingkirkan air garam
mineral dan urea ketika
membuang air kecil

Why excretion is important?

Mengapakah perkumuhan penting?
- Keeping us healthy
- Kekal sihat
- Excretion of toxic substances such as urea
prevent us getting sick
- Menyingkirkan bahan beracun seperti urea
mengelakkan kita jatuh sakit
- Excretion of excess mineral salt maintain
our salt body content
- Menyingkirkan garam mineral berlebihan
kekal kandungan garam dalam tubuh
- Excretion of water control body temperature
- Menyingkirkan air kawal suhu badan
- Excretion of carbon dioxide control pH or
acidity of our blood
- Menyingkirkan karbon dioksida kawal pH
atau keasidan darah