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A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. Describe the events that occur in each phase of mitosis. Cytokinesis in animal cells begins After cleavage furrow divides cytoplasm.
A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. Describe the events that occur in each phase of mitosis. Cytokinesis in animal cells begins After cleavage furrow divides cytoplasm.
A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. Describe the events that occur in each phase of mitosis. Cytokinesis in animal cells begins After cleavage furrow divides cytoplasm.
stages of the cell cycle? G1 S G2 M C 2. Define the following terms: a. Chromatid- duplicate half of a chromosome b. Mitosis- division of the nucleus c. Cell differentiation- cells increase in # and become specialized in structure and function. d. Cytokinesis- division of the cytoplasm e. Centromere- a disk that attaches 2 chromatids to each other
f. cancer- doesnt respond to normal signals
that shut down cell division g. checkpoints- critical point where stop and go signals regulate the cell cycle h. diploid- 2n, chromosomes found in pairs, has 2 homologues of each chromosome i. haploid- half the # of chromosomes j. Crossing over- chromosomes exchange segments of DNA k. zygote- fertilized egg l. Asexual reproduction- involves 1 parent m. Sexual reproduction- joining together of 2 gametes
3. In the space provided, draw and identify
the phases of mitosis. see FRAME 4. Describe the events that occur in each phase of mitosis. Prophase- nuclear membrane breaks down, spindle fibers form Metaphase- chromosomes align along the equator of the cell Anaphase- sister chromatids separate to opposite ends of the cell Telophase- nuclear membrane reforms, spindle fibers disappear, cytokinesis begins
5. A typical human cell contains 46
chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, how many chromosomes would the daughter cells contain? 46 6. Describe the events that occur in the interphase of the cell cycle. G1- growth S-DNA replication G2growth, maturing 7. In which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend most of its life? Interphase
8. Distinguish between cytokinesis in
plant cells and cytokinesis in animal cells. Plant cells- cell wall divides cytoplasm Animal cells- cleavage furrow divides cytoplasm 9. After which phase does cytokinesis begin? Telophase 10. Which phase is not a part of mitosis? Interphase
12. How many daughter cells are
produced as a result of mitosis? 2 and meiosis? 4 13. Name at least 2 factors that trigger cell division. Growth Enzymes from other cells 14. What is the difference between benign and malignant tumor? Benign tumor- stays at the original site Malignant- spreads and impairs the function of other organs
15. Give an example of a physical factor that
would turn off cell division. When cells are densely packed together 16. If the bodys immune system does not destroy an abnormal cell, what will happen to that cell? It will become a cancer cell 17. What is an example of an internal signal? Enzymes/hormones (come from inside the cell) 18. How many chromosomes are in the body cells of an organism that has a haploid number of 8? 16
19. DNA becomes more compact by
wrapping tightly aroudn associated proteins. Why does this occur? So they will fit within the cell 20. How many chromosomes exist in the human body? 46 chromosomes 21. What is the difference in Anaphase of mitosis, anaphase of meiosis I, and anaphase of meiosis II? Chromatids do not separate at the centromere in anaphase I, they do in mitosis and meiosis II
22. The diploid number of
chromosomes in a human skin cell is 46. How many chromosomes are in a human sperm cell? 23 23. Describe cell differentiation. Cells not only increase in number, but become specialized in function 24. How many sex chromosomes are in the body? 2 How many pairs of chromosomes are in the body? 23 pairs How many autosomes are in the body? 44
In addition Be able to: Explain why mitosis needs to produce identical daughter cells Explain why reduction-division is important for sexual reproduction Compare and contrast the phases of mitosis, meiosis I and meiosis II Discuss cancer