VCE PHYSICAL EDUCATION

UNIT 1 OUTCOME 2 WRITTEN TEST

BIOMECHANICS

STUDENT NAME _______________________________________________________________

Reading Time: 5 Minutes

Writing Time: 45 Minutes
Question and Answer Book- Structure of Book
Correct number of
multiple choice
questions

Correct number of
short answer
questions

Total Number of
questions

Total number of Marks

/20

/40

27

/60

Bonus Question:
/2

Key Skills

Straight line motion, including the concepts of acceleration/deceleration, velocity and distance/
displacement applied to sport and physical activities
Projectile motion, including the human body as a projectile, Magnus effect, spin (back spin, top
spin,
sideare
spin),
height to
of bring
release,
angle
of release, velocity
of release,
angle
of projection
and flight
Students
permitted
into
the examination
room: pens,
pencils,
calculator,
highlighters,
path
(trajectory)
erasers, sharpeners and rulers
Angular motion including torque, angular velocity, momentum and moment of inertia and their
Students are not permitted to bring into the examination room: text books, blank sheets of paper
application to sport and physical activities
and/or white out liquid/tape
STUDENTS ARE NOT PERMITTED TO BRING MOBILE PHONES AND/OR ANY
OTHER ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION DEVICES INTO THE EXAMINATION
ROOM
The marks allotted to each part of each question are indicated at the end of the part and should be
used as a guide to the depth of response required.
All written responses must be in English

Assessment Conditions
Multiple Choice Questions (Circle the correct response in the table provided)
1.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Biomechanics is?
The science of movement
The physics of human movement
The study of living things from a mechanical perspective
All of the above

2.
a)
b)
c)
d)

A Quantitative measure used in biomechanics is;

Observation of a three-point throw from a basketball coach
Encouragement from an athletics coach about a runners starting position
A teacher telling a netballer to put her hands up when defending
Measurement of the distance reached by an athlete in long jump

3.
a)
b)
c)
d)

An example of angular motion of the human body is:

A figure skater completing a routine on the ice
Wheel-chair racing
Performing a somersault
All of the above

4.
a)
b)
c)
d)

A correct example of the units of displacement would be:

25km
25metres north
25metres
25m/s

5.
a)
b)
c)
d)

A force is defined as;

Something which will always result in motion
Any external pushing or pulling on an object
Any influence which alters or tends to alter the state of motion of a body
The summed component of several working muscles

6.
a)
b)
c)
d)

The optimal angle of release for a projectile is;

45 degrees
Determined by the velocity of release
Determined by the height of release
Both (b) and (c)

7.
a)
b)
c)
d)

A top spin serve in table tennis will;

Drop quickly and rebound low with a fast velocity
Have an increased flight time
Deviate sideways in the direction of the spin imparted
Hold up in the air and rebound in the direction of the spin

8.
a)
b)
c)
d)

Which of the following will not affect the drag force on an object;
The displacement of the object
The shape of an object
The density of the fluid
The cross-sectional area of the object in the direction of the motion

9.
a)
b)
c)
d)

The Magnus effect is defined as;

Spin generated on the ball by the lift force
Drag force on a spinning ball
Deviation in the direction of a spinning object in the direction of the spin
Deviation in the drag force of a spinning object in the direction of the drag

10. Which of the following is not a factor, which can influence the path of a projectile;
a) Angle of projection
b) Angle of landing
c) Speed of release
d) Height of release
11. Lift is generated when?
a) A pressure difference develops on either side of an object.

b) The turbulent flow and the laminar flow combine to generate an area of no pressure.
c) Spinning objects deviate from their flight path.
d) A projectile moves through air or water.
12. Bernoullis principle states?
a) As acceleration of fluid decreases, the pressure will decrease
b) As acceleration of fluid increases, the pressure will increase
c) As velocity of fluid decreases, the pressure will increase
d) As velocity of fluid increases, the pressure will decrease
13. Assuming they are all swung with the same force, which sporting implement will generate
the greatest torque:
a) A cricket bat
b) A tennis racquet
c) A table tennis bat
d) A golf club which is being held down the bottom (choking it)
14. What is the displacement of a Marathon runner who runs the Melbourne Marathon (42.2kms) and starts
the race at the MCG and comes through the finishing line which is found 5kms away:
a) 42.2kms
b) 0metres
c) 5000metres
d) 400metres
15. Allyson Felix won the Womens 200m Gold Medal at the London Olympics. She completed the race
in a time of 21.88seconds. What was the average speed of the race?
a) 0 m/s
b) 9.14m/s
c) 9.14km/hr.
d) 0 m/s2
16. Angular acceleration refers to:
a) The difference between the initial and final angular position of a rotating body
b) The rate of change of angular displacement over time
c) The rate of change of angular velocity or how quickly a body changes its angular position
d) The rate of change of velocity over time
17. A tri-athlete when racing completes a swim, bike and running leg. Their swim leg involves 1 lap out to a
500m flag and back. They then get on to their bike and ride 4 laps of a 10km course. Finally they complete
a 12km run. What is the total race distance?
a) 0kms
b) 53kms
c) 40kms
d) 52kms

18. In order to increase the velocity attained by a golf ball, a golfer would be best advised to increase:
a) The club length to a maximum, comfortable length
b) The mass of the club to the maximum manageable
c) The club head velocity to its maximum
d) Both (a) and (b)
19. Linear motion can occur in:
a) A straight line only

b) In either a straight or curved line

c) In a curved line only
d) Around an axis
20. During the 100m sprint Usain Bolt is running at a speed of 43.9km/hr between the 60m, 70 and 80m
mark. What term do we use to describe his acceleration during this period?
a) Constant Velocity
b) Constant Acceleration
c) Negative Acceleration
d) Negative Velocity
Question Answer
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B

Assessment
(Teacher Only)
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C

Total =

D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
/20marks

Short Answer Section

Question 1
Define the following and provide a sporting example to demonstrate your understanding of the following
terms in biomechanics.
a) Linear Motion

____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(2 mark)
b) Angular Motion
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(2 mark)
c) Torque
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(2 mark)
d) Constant Velocity
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(2 mark)
e) Magnus Effect
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
(2 mark)
10 marks

Question 2
A runner in the State Athletics Finals runs 4 laps of a 400m track in 3mins 20seconds. Calculate the
following;
a) The distance the runner has covered;
____________________________________________________________________________________

(1 mark)
b) The displacement of the runner at the end of the race;
____________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
c) The runners average speed for the race;
____________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
d) The runners average velocity;
____________________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(4 marks)
Question 3
List and define the THREE factors, which determine a projectiles motion. Provide a sporting example to
demonstrate the importance of the factor to the outcome of the performance.

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
(6 marks)
Question 4
How do athletes use slipstreaming or drafting to improve performance? List 3 sports other than cycling
where it is beneficial to the performance of an athlete to use this technique.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
(4 mark)
(14 marks)
Question 5
Draw a diagram of an athlete putting a shot into flight. Include the flight path, angle of projection, and
write the vertical and horizontal components of the motion

(5 marks)
Question 6
A gymnast who is 2m tall (when hands on the bar hanging) completes 2 somersaults in 5seconds. Write
the necessary formula then calculate the following (including the correct unit of measurement);
EQUATION

ANSWER

Angular Distance covered by

gymnast

(1mark)

(1mark)

(1mark)

(1mark)

(1mark)

(1mark)

(1mark)

(1mark)

Angular Displacement by the

gymnast

Average Angular Speed

Torque Generated by the

gymnast if the force being
applied is 5N

8 marks
(13 marks)

Question 7
Explain why a cricket ball will swing, making reference to high and low pressure. You can use a diagram
to help explain your answer;

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
(3 marks)
(3 marks)
BONUS (optional) Question:
1. How does the angle of a golf club face increase or decrease the amount of spin generated on the ball?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
2. Explain what will happen to the flight path of the golf ball when the golfer hits a chip with backspin out
of the bunker and onto the green?

_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
(1 mark)
(2 marks)