Drawing and Bending Process

-Dinesh Kumar R
Ad-hoc Faculty
Dept. of Production Engg
NIT-Trichy

Drawing
Process

of forming flat piece of metal into a hollow

by means of punch and die cavity

Two

Stress:

Circumferential Compressive stress- flange

Tensile Stress Wall area

Types of Drawing Process

1.
2.

3.

Shallow Drawing - Depth of cup formed is

(h<d/2)
upto half the diameter
Deep drawing
- Depth greater than diameter
(h>d)
Moderate drawing - between half and full
(d/2<h<d)
diameter (not normally done)

Necking

Necking is a mode of tensile deformation where relatively large amounts

of strain localize disproportionately in a small region of the material
The resulting prominent decrease in local cross-sectional area provides the
basis for the name "neck".
a form of plastic deformation associated with ductile materials, often metals
or polymers.

Ironing
Ironing is a process to reduce the wall thickness
of parts. Typically ironing should not exceed a
depth of 30% of the material thickness.
Uniform thickness occurs
Purely tensile process

Drawing Ratio
ratio

of the maximum blank diameter that can be

safely drawn into a cup without flange to the
punch diameter
Drawing Ratio=Diameter of Blank/Diameter of cup
formed from same blank

Rel
ativ
e
dim
ens ly com
pl
io
mad
e ou nal sha ex 3
p
t of
she es can
et m
etal be
!

Deep Drawing
Blanking

Seaming

Deep Drawing

Necking

Doming

Redrawing

Ironing

Examples
of Deep
Drawing

Bending
Beyond

yield strength but below the ultimate

tensile strength
Placed on die and bent using a simple punch.

Bending Mechanism

Spring-back

PICTURE
FRAMES

Roll Bending/ Forming

Used

for bending boilers, cylindrical pressure

vessels, and any other curved structure
Flexible adjustments

Tube Bending and Forming

Work-piece
Pressure

Bar

Clamp

* Internal filling is
sometimes necessary
to prevent collapse.

Tube Bending and Forming

Additional Operations
Flanging- edge
bending of sheet
metal
Bulging- tubular expansion

Beading- sheet metal

bent into cavity

The End!!!