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Hip & Pelvis

Common Injuries
NIKKI DARLAND
AMANDA MARKLEIN
CURT MINTER

How Common?

Hip
5-9%
10%

of high school athlete injuries

of NFL injuries

Contusions are second to strains as


the most common in all sports
injuries.

Types of Injuries

Hip
Hip

Flexor Strain

Hip

Pointer

Hip

Bursitis

Pelvis
Femoroacetabular
Fractures
Growing

Strains

Impingement

Hip Flexor Strain

WHAT IS THE INJURY?


Three

degrees of injury:

1.

Hip flexor muscle is stretched


or slightly torn

2.

Partial tear of muscle/tendon

3.

Completely severed
muscle/tendon

HOW IT OCCURS (mechanism)


Occurs

when leg is fully extended


(running/kicking)

PATHOLOGY
Iliopsoas

muscle/tendon is
the most commonly injured
https://stemcelldoc.files.wordpress.com/
2014/03/iliopsoas-tendon.jpg

Hip Flexor Strain

WHO IS AT RISK?
Football,
Those

with overused or tight hip flexors

SYMPTOMS
Groin
Lack

soccer, track athletes

pain/swelling

of strength

TREATMENT/RECOVERY
1st

degree

24-48
Ice

hours rest

affected area

Compression
2nd/3rd

on affected area

degree should see a physician

Video of Psoas Major

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cHWjpQ06-c
E
40s-1min

Hip Pointer

WHAT IS THE INJURY?


Deep
Also

bruise on upper portion of hip

known as a pelvic contusion

HOW IT OCCURS (mechanism)


Direct

blow to the hip

PATHOLOGY
Typically

affects the
Crest portion of
Ilium.

Iliac
the
http://www.csuchico.edu/~sbark
er/injury/hip/hip.jpg

Hip Pointer

WHO IS AT RISK?
Athletes

in contact sports

SYMPTOMS
Sudden
Pain

pain

increases with physical activity

Limping
Tenderness
Limited

range of motion

TREATMENT/RECOVERY
1-3

weeks before returning to training

24-48
Ice

hours of full rest

12-20 minutes 3-4 times a day

http://www.hughston.com/Userfil
es/hha/b.hippad.jpg

Hip Pointer

Rehabilitation

Apply heat after a few days

Increase activity gradually

Stretching and range of motion exercises

Similar to the previous video of hip strain


rehabilitation

Hip Pointer and Hip


Strain Rehab Exercises

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E27TL8yHoC
I

Hip Bursitis

WHAT IS THE INJURY?

Inflammation in sacs that lubricate the joint

HOW IT OCCURS (mechanism)

Over use

Direct blow to area

Bone spurs

Prolonged poor posture

PATHOLOGY

The sacs, or synovial cavity that typically


lubricates the
joint becomes inflamed and
causes severe hip pain.
http://www.eorthopod.com/images/ContentI
mages/child/child_hip_septic_arthritis/child_
hip_septic_anatomy05.jpg

Hip Bursitis

WHO IS AT RISK?
Middle

SYMPTOMS
Pain

on outer portion of the hip

Pain

increases at night/while laid upon

Tender

aged to older adults

to the touch

TREATMENT/RECOVERY
Ice
Limit

activity levels

Hip pain and Bursities

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4_3Fem4b
M0

Femoroacetabular
Impingement (FAI)

WHAT IS THE INJURY?


Overuse

and repetitive motion of the

hip

HOW IT OCCURS (mechanism)


Happens
Not

over time

born with it

PATHOLOGY

Abnormal bone growth on femur or


socket of the pelvis

Femoroacetabular
Impingement (FAI)

WHO IS AT RISK?
10-20

% of general population have FAI

SYMPTOMS
Low

back pelvic and buttocks pain

Side

of hips pain

Pain

in groin

Stiffness

TREATMENT/RECOVERY
SHORT

TERM = avoid rotation

LONG

TERM = surgery with 9 months on average


before returning to sports
93%

return to normal activity after surgery

Video of FAI

https
://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1r3OZeGX1kQ

Pelvis

Pelvis Fractures

Teens at risk

Could be undetected fractures

Occur from sudden muscle contraction

Elderly at risk

Osteoporosis

From falling

http://www.luxuryarimages.c
o/images/Old%20People
%20Falling

Classification of Pelvic
Injuries

Type A

Type B

Stable Injuries: Avulsion fractures,


isolated pubic ramus factures, iliac wing
fractures
Rotationally unstable but vertically
stable

Type C

Rotationally and vertically unstable

Pelvic ring is completely broken or


displaced in at least 2 points

Treatment for type A

Avulsion fractures

typically only bed rest and pain relief


required

Large Avulsions

may need internal fixation to avoid


complications such as non-union

https://www.healthtap.com/user_qu
estions/361515

Treatment for Unstable


B&C Fractures

Avoid rolling the patient and instead lift


straight up

Reduction and immobilization using an


external fixator may be necessary

Blood transfusion may be needed

http://www.wallpaperup.com/151508/2010_Chevrolet_Exp
ress_Cutaway_Ambulancia_emergency_ambulance.html

Injuries to the pelvis

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7VpS0T_kt2
w

Groin Strain

How Its Injured


Running,

Jumping, or twisting

Any

motion that results in a external


rotation

What is damaged
Adductor

longus muscle is most often

strained
Activity

muscle

causes slight tears in the

Groin Strain

Treatment

If detected immediately you should treat with


RICE

Exercise should be delayed until symptoms of


pain decrease

Stretching gradually to increase the range of


motion will also help the injury

Rehabilitation

Light walking then progressively continue to


increase you pace

Injury Prevention
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flexibilit
y_(anatomy)

Warm up and cool down by stretching

Increase intensity and length over a


period of time

Exercise regularly-not just the


weekends

Use proper equipment and techniques

Drink plenty of water

Be able to see the surface you are on

Use a buddy to carry heavy objects

Questions???

Resources

Brown. (2009, June 29). Everything You Need To Know


About Hip Injuries. Retrieved March 27, 2015, from
http://www.coreperformance.com/knowledge/injury-pai
n/hip-injuries.html

Waters PM, Millis MB. (1988). Hip and Pelvic Injuries


in the Young Adult. Clinics in Sports Medicine, pg 513526. Retrieved March 31, 2015, from
http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/3042159

http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/pelvic-fractures

http://www.oaaortho.com/conditions/?c=25&b=6&a=
1

http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/tc/groinproblems-and-injuries-prevention

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