EU FP7 PROJECT HARP (318489): REPORT- AWARENESS AND WIDER SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS (D1.

6)

SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME (FP7)

THEME 3
Information and Communication Technologies

Year III
D1.6: Report on Awareness and Wider
Societal Implications

Project acronym:
Project full title:
Grant agreement no.:

HARP
High capacity network Architecture with Remote
radio heads & Parasitic antenna arrays
318489

Version number: 1
Date of preparation of report (latest version): 01/06/2015
Date of approval of report by Commission: ......................................

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Table of Contents
1 Executive Summary............................................................................................................................ 3
2 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 5
2.1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 5
2.2 Aim ............................................................................................................................................... 6
3 Major Events for Spreading Awareness ........................................................................................... 6
3.1 Workshops ................................................................................................................................... 6
3.3 Academic Seminars ..................................................................................................................... 7
3.4 Industrial Seminars ..................................................................................................................... 8
3.5 Invited/Keynote Talks ................................................................................................................ 8
3.6 Posters/Special Sessions ............................................................................................................ 8
3.7 Project Website ........................................................................................................................... 9
4 Wider societal implications of the project ....................................................................................... 9
5 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................................... 16

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1 Executive Summary
High capacity network Architecture with Remote radio heads & Parasitic antenna arrays (HARP) is a
three year (1st November 2012 to 31 October2015) FP7, Call 8, STREP project (Grant Number 318489)
which is funded by the FP7 Programme of the European Commission..
The projects main goal is to bring distributed multi-antenna wireless access to reality by combining
two powerful emerging technologies: i) radio remote heads (RRHs), which allow for widely
geographically distributed access via radio-over- fibre connections to a central base station; and ii)
electronically steerable passive array radiators ESPARs, which provide multi-antenna-like
functionality with a single active RF chain only. The combination of remote radio heads (RRHs) and
electronically steerable parasitic antenna arrays (ESPARs) may jointly act as technology enablers of
ultra-efficient distributed multi-antenna wireless access that could help revolutionize future wireless
networking. This in turn will aid to the development, and implementation of new radio based
Information Communications Technologies (ICT) needed by society.
In this document, the awareness and wider societal implications of RRH and ESPAR techniques and
the HARP project are summarised. The documents primary aim is to inform about awareness actions
taken in the project and the potential wider societal implications of the project.
The combination of 1) the limited spectrum; 2) the continuous drive for ever increased data rates to
wireless users; and 3) the imperative for energy-efficient, low radio pollution and economical wireless
communication, makes the quest for novel next generation radio architectures an important one. The
use of ultra-efficient distributed multi-antenna wireless access techniques is critical as it allows the
easy application of the wireless elements of the Information Communications Technologies (ICT)
needed by society and achieve benefits in:

Community cohesion and involvement;

Community safety;

Culture and leisure;

Economic well-being;

Environment;

Health and social well-being;

Transport and access.

The use of ESPARs, which only require a single active antenna element (and as a result, a single RF
chain) for the entire array, leads to the promise of employing compact, cheap & energy-efficient
remote radio heads with highly increased capacity potential due to their multiple antenna capability.
These highly novel technology tools can lead to the development of a next generation radio network
architecture that holds the promise of delivering high data rates to many users within the allocated
spectrum and with better Quality of Service (QoS), in particular for users at the cell edge, while at the
same time reducing substantially the energy dissipation, electromagnetic pollution, aesthetic
degradation and cost of the network. HARP project develops a number of key RRH and ESPAR
techniques to push forward their use in wireless networks.
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A critical element of ICT is the delivery of broadband services. Studies have shown that these
broadband services are increasingly being demanded by mobile users, which can only be delivered via
access to the radio spectrum. For example, virtually all Europeans own mobile phones and there are
more than 250 million daily internet users in Europe. This mobile access has led to changes in lifestyle
both at home and at work. Mobile services also play a critical role in developing markets (Africa, Asia,
and South America), where broadband communications services may only be achieved using mobile
technologies.
To maximise the benefits to society and the European economy from the use of ICT systems, an EU
digital agenda and targets are being pursued by the European community. It is anticipated that the
HARP progress made in the design of RRH and ESPAR techniques will contribute to the EU digital
agenda targets by:
Compact antennas contributing to the exploitation of the spatial domain facilitating improved
broadband coverage for all, increased broadband speeds, and result in increased regular use
of the internet;
RRH based robust transceiver techniques, contributing to enhancing the capacity of backbone
network needed to support broadband applications; and
The development of ultra-efficient distributed multi-antenna wireless access schemes that will
convincingly show the value of the RRH and ESPAR approach, paving the way for ultraspectrally efficient future wireless networks.
Based upon the wider benefits, to exploit RRH, ESPAR and HARP research, it is recommended that:
1. Development of end-to-end architecture, including both wireless access and backhaul
network, based on remote radio heads and ESPAR antennas that can deliver substantially
higher over-the-air capacity to the access segment of the network and better QoS to the
mobile subscribers, while keeping a low infrastructure cost and low electromagnetic pollution,
to enable the development of the next generation of radio systems; and
2. Exploitation avenues be sought to exploit the European RRH and ESPAR work and the research
work conducted by HARP in new emerging markets where mobile services are rapidly growing
to meet their societal needs.
In conclusion, the concepts of RRH, ESPAR techniques, the work conducted by HARP, which promise
ultra-efficient distributed multi-antenna wireless access to the radio spectrum, and the potential to
increase aspects such as signal coverage, reliability, and speed, will result in economic growth, and
contribute to the societal benefits being targeted by the EU and globally.

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2 Introduction
2.1 Background
HARP (FP7 call 8 project # 318489, http://www.fp7-harp.eu/) is a 3-year collaborative research
project, which is funded by the FP7 Programme of the European Commission.
Project vision
The projects main goal is to bring distributed multi-antenna wireless access to reality by combining
two powerful emerging technologies:
1. radio remote heads (RRHs), which allow for widely geographically distributed access via radioover- fibre connections to a central base station; and
2. electronically steerable passive array radiators ESPARs, which provide multi-antenna-like
functionality with a single active RF chain only
Project consortium
The Consortium partners are:
University of Edinburgh (UEDIN) (UK, Co-ordinator)
Athens Information Technology (AIT) (Greece, Technical Leader)
Eurecom (EUR) (France)
Imperial College London (IC) (UK)
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) (Norway)
Technical University Denmark (DTU) (Denmark)
MTI RadioComp (RADIOCOMP) (Denmark)
Alcatel Bell Lucent France (ALBLF) (France)
Orange SA, France (ORANGE) (France)
Main scientific concept
The current state of the art of dense radio networks follows two common assumptions.

From the antenna design and the air interface point of view, multiple radio frequency (RF)chains are required to drive the available antenna elements that should also retain a large
enough inter-element spacing in order to provide the necessary fading properties.
From the network infrastructure point of view, the intelligence that coordinates the
transmission among adjacent cells could be located either in the central processing unit or at
the individual base station itself.

Project goals
The HARP project envisions to overcome these two limitations by combining advantageously two
recently emerged technology innovations, i.e.

Remote radio heads (RRHs)

They are compact radio architectures that are connected with a central base station via optical
fibres and have been recently proposed as a way to share multiple geographically dispersed

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sets of wireless users. RRH reduce substantially the network cost and also allow the
implementation of a distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission, thus
improving network throughput.
Single RF compact array radiators
This term refers to antenna arrays with very small inter-element spacing that are fed with only
a single RF chain. The apparent cost, hardware and size savings make those lightweight arrays
an ideal candidate for RRHs radio equipment. This entails an important increase of the
network throughput without making the base stations bulkier and without increasing the cost
and implementation complexity.

2.2 Aim
The aim of this document is to consider the awareness and wider societal implications of the HARP
project. This is achieved by first considering the awareness activities that were undertaken in
publicising the research outputs of HARP project and the wider benefits of RRH and ESPAR based
practical schemes to society, and then by focusing upon the wider societal implications of the HARP
project.
Although a number of wider benefits have been derived by the HARP consortium members, such as
improved cross border research, creation of an international team, international papers published,
invitations to speak at conferences, workshops and meetings, etc., the aim of this document is to
inform about potential wider implications of HARP work.

3 Major Events for Spreading Awareness

During the HARP project, several events were organized by consortium partners to show the results
of the project in public. This section presents the major events and outcome of these events in
increasing public awareness

3.1 Workshops
3.1.1 Workshop on Emerging MIMO Technologies and Millimeter-waves
for 5G Networks, 81st IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2015Spring), Glasgow, UK, May 11, 2015
T. Ratnarajah (UEDIN), Constantinos Papadias (AIT) and Bruno Clerckx (IC) co-organised workshop
on Emerging MIMO Technologies and Millimeter-waves for 5G Networks in 81st IEEE Vehicular
Technology Conference (VTC2015-Spring), May 11, 2015 at Glasgow, UK. This workshop brought
together academic researchers and industrial professionals to identify and discuss technical challenges
and recent results related to mmWave and massive MIMO in the context of future 5G mobile wireless
networks. The workshop covered a wide range of key issues on MIMO technologies spanning from
emerging massive MIMO, highly distributed MIMO technologies with low capital and operational costs
to technologies for remote radio heads and smart antenna design for MIMO systems, from signal
processing techniques for user-centric distributed antenna systems to signaling techniques for

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channel state acquisition, from energy-efficient MIMO systems to interference coordination in 5G
networks, from heterogeneous and small networks to new wireless backhaul architectures.

3.1.2 Workshop on Wireless Optical Networks in support of Cloud

Architectures, at IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM),
Austin, Texas, USA, Dec. 12, 2014
L. Cottatellucci (EUR) organised a one day workshop on Wireless Optical Networks in support of
Cloud Architectures, at IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM) which was held in
Austin, Texas, USA on Dec. 12, 2014. (http://www.fp7-harp.eu/globecom-2014wonc.html) [Jointly
organized by FP7 project CONTENT]. The sessions of the workshop covered a wide range of key issues
on this topic spanning from emerging technologies for remote radio heads with low capital and
operational costs to signal processing techniques for user-centric distributed antenna systems, to
allocation and scheduling of radio, optical and computational resources, from signaling techniques for
channel state acquisition to scalable algorithms optimized for distributed implementation, to dynamic
capacity and mobility management, architectural and technology challenges associated with the
converged optical/wireless networks to support cloud and mobile cloud services optimizing metrics
such as cost, delay, energy consumption etc.

3.3 Academic Seminars

Aleksandra Checko gave seminar on Future Cloud RAN fronthaul for Bell Labs, business
division and standardization division of Alcatel Lucent in Villarceaux, France in Apr. 2015.
Ralf Mller, Information Theory and Applications Workshop (ITA), San Diego, Feb. 2015.
Ralf Mller, Workshop on Smart Antennas (WSA), Ilmenau, Germany, Mar 2015.
Rassouli and Clerckx, On the Capacity of Vector Gaussian Channels with Bounded Inputs,
European School on Information Theory, Apr. 2015.
Mohammad A. Sedaghat, RF & Communications Round Table in Lund University, Sweden
(11-13 Nov. 2013) on massive MIMO demo.
S. Senecal and J-M Kelif, delivered a talk on HARP project, at Computation and Simulation
Institutre of Pierre & Marie Curie University, Paris, March 2014.
D. Gesbert, delivered a talk on A statistical approach to interference management in large
scale antenna systems, KTH, Stockholm, March 2014.
M. A. Sedaghat and Ralf Mller, Load Modulated Massive MIMO, at Communication Theory
Workshop 2014
H. Christiansen, Traffic Adaptive Base Station Management Scheme for energy-aware Mobile
networks, EUCNC conference, Bologna, June 2014
Presentation given by C. Papadias (AIT) in the Future Internet Assembly (FIA), Athens 18-20,
Mar. 2014, RAS Cluster Session, Title: Compact Antenna Array Designs for Remote Radio Head
(RRH) 5G Network Architectures
G. Alexandropoulos: "Transceiver techniques for multi-user multi-antenna systems," IEEE
Greece Signal Processing Chapter and UoP's Network on Research and Applications of
Wireless Communication and Sensor Networks, UoP, Patras, Greece, June 26, 2014.
G. Alexandropoulos: "Some recent results in signal processing techniques for multi-user
wireless system, FORTH, Heraklion, Crete, June 10, 2014.

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L. Cottatellucci, Low complexity pilot decontamination via blind signal subspace estimation,
at CEFIPRA workshop, IISC Bangalore, January 2014.
T. Ratnarajah, "Towards Massive-MIMO Transmitters: On The Effects of Deploying Increasing
Antennas in Fixed Physical Space" Future Network and Mobile Summit, Lisbon, Portugal, 3-5
July 2013.
Presented the HARP project results in the concertation meetings in Feb 2013 and Oct. 2013.

3.4 Industrial Seminars

S. Senecal and J-M Kelif, delivered a talk on HARP project, at Orange internal TOOS project
seminars, Paris, December 2013.
ALBLF and Orange demonstrated the HARP results in Orange Lab in Paris, Nov. 2014
HAPR result demonstrated in ALBLF open day, Sep. 2014
T. Ratnarajah (UEDIN) and Lars Dittmann (DTU) contributed to RAS cluster white paper on 5G
radio network architecture.

3.5 Invited/Keynote Talks

Aleksandra Checko gave an invited talk on C-RAN fronthaul: Options, benefits and
challenges at iJoin winter school in Bremen, Germany in Feb. 2015 http://www.ictijoin.eu/ijoin-winter-school-2015/ [Pdf and video available]
Henrik Christiansen (DTU) gave an invited talk C-RAN architectures at a COST IC1004
meeting in Luxembourg.
C. B. Papadias, "An emerging technology: load-modulated arrays for small and large scale
MIMO systems," Invited Talk, 2014 Smart Antennas Workshop, Stanford, CA, USA, Aug. 1,
2014.
C. B. Papadias, "Parasitic antenna arrays: A tool for MIMO transmission," Invited Talk, 18th
International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas 2014 (WSA 2014), Erlangen, Germany, March
12, 2014.
C. B. Papadias, "Antenna Arrays: The Latest Trends and Some Emerging Techniques for Next
Generation Wireless Networks," Invited Talk, Invited Talk by IEEE Greece Student Branch,
National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece, Dec. 2, 2014.
David Gesbert and Ralf Muller, keynote talk, Special session on Massive MIMO, ICC, Budapest,
Hungary.

3.6 Posters/Special Sessions

Joint Poster: Dimitrios Ntaikos, Bobby Gizas, Constantinos Papadias, Laurent Roullet, Franois
Taburet. Over-the-air demonstration for Remote Radio Head (RRH) based LTE access with
the use of parasitic antenna arrays: Results from the FP7 project HARP, EUCNC 2015.
Mohammad A. Sedaghat, poster presentation in SPcoding School in Campinas, Brazil (17-31
Jan. 2015): Load Modulated Massive MIMO.
Presented the HARP results in the Advanced Small Cell Deployment and Cloud Technologies
workshop in Turin, Italy, Nov 2013 (IWPC) [CROWD, Tropic, and many industries attended].

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M.A. Sedaghat presented Poster in IEEE Workshop on Advanced Information Processing for
Wireless Communication Systems, Aalborg.
Lars Dittmann and Henrik L. Christiansen (DTU) presented a HARP poster at the Future
Network and MobileSummit, Lisbon, Portugal, 3-5 July 2013.
MTI Radiocomp, Special session in Advanced Small Cell Deployment and Cloud Technologies
workshop held in Turin, Italy, 1214 November 2013.

3.7 Project Website

HARP website was launched at the start of project in November 2012. The website provides
up-to-date information about project activities and related documentation and is updated
regularly.

4 Wider societal implications of the project

We present here the wider societal implications of the project, including gender equality actions,
ethical issues, and efforts to involve other actors and spread awareness. This information is provided
in a questionnaire format based on the guidelines provided in the Guidance Notes on Project
Reporting section 4.3.

Ethics

1. Did your project undergo an Ethics Review (and/or Screening)?

No

If Yes: have you described the progress of compliance with the relevant Ethics
Review/Screening Requirements in the frame of the periodic/final project reports?
2. Please indicate whether your project involved any of the following issues (tick box) :
RESEARCH ON HUMANS

Did the project involve children?

No

Did the project involve patients?

No

Did the project involve persons not able to give consent?

No

Did the project involve adult healthy volunteers?

No

Did the project involve Human biological samples?

No

Did the project involve Human data collection?

No

RESEARCH ON HUMAN EMBRYO/FOETUS

Did the project involve Human Embryos?

No

Did the project involve Human Foetal Tissue / Cells?

No

Did the project involve Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs)?

No

Did the project on human Embryonic Stem Cells involve cells in culture?

No

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Did the project on human Embryonic Stem Cells involve the derivation of cells from
Embryos?

No

PRIVACY
Did the project involve processing of genetic information or personal data (e.g. health,
sexual lifestyle, ethnicity, political opinion, religious or philosophical conviction)?

No

Did the project involve tracking the location or observation of people?

No

RESEARCH ON ANIMALS
Did the project involve research on animals?

No

Were those animals transgenic small laboratory animals?

No

Were those animals transgenic farm animals?

No

Were those animals cloned farm animals?

No

Were those animals non-human primates?

No

RESEARCH INVOLVING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Did the project involve the use of local resources (genetic, animal, plant etc.)?

No

Was the project of benefit to local community (capacity building, access to healthcare,
education etc.)?

No

DUAL USE
Research having direct military use

No

Research having the potential for terrorist abuse

No

C Workforce Statistics
3. Workforce statistics for the project: Please indicate in the table below the number of people
who worked on the project (on a headcount basis).
Type of position

Number of Women

Number of Men

Scientific Coordinator

Work package leaders

Experienced researchers (i.e. PhD holders)

PhD students

Others
4. How many additional researchers (in companies and universities) were recruited specifically
for this project?
Of which, indicate the number of men:

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Gender Aspects

5. Did you carry out specific Gender Equality Actions under the project?

Yes
No

6. Which of the following actions did you carry out and how effective were they?
Not at all effective

Very effective

Design and implement an equal opportunity policy

Set targets to achieve a gender balance in the workforce

Organise conferences and workshops on gender

Actions to improve work-life balance
Other:

7. Was there a gender dimension associated with the research content i.e. wherever people
were the focus of the research as, for example, consumers, users, patients or in trials, was
the issue of gender considered and addressed?
Yes please specify
No

Synergies with Science Education

8. Did your project involve working with students and/or school pupils (e.g. open days,
participation in science festivals and events, prizes/competitions or joint projects)?
Yes please specify
No

9. Did the project generate any science education material (e.g. kits, websites, explanatory
booklets, DVDs)?
Yes please specify

Project website was created and updated regularly.

No

Interdisciplinarity

10. Which disciplines (see list below) are involved in your project?
Main discipline: 2.2 Electrical engineering, electronics [electrical engineering, electronics, communication
engineering and systems, computer engineering (hardware only) and other allied subjects]
Associated discipline: 1.1 Mathematics and computer sciences [mathematics and other allied fields:
computer sciences and other allied subjects (software development only; hardware development should be classified in
the engineering fields)]

Engaging with Civil society and policy makers

11a Did your project engage with societal actors beyond the research community?
(if 'No', go to Question 14)
11b If yes, did you engage with citizens (citizens' panels / juries) or organised civil society
(NGOs, patients' groups etc.)?
No
Yes- in determining what research should be performed

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Yes
No

EU FP7 PROJECT HARP (318489): REPORT- AWARENESS AND WIDER SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS (D1.6)
Yes - in implementing the research
Yes, in communicating /disseminating / using the results of the project

11c In doing so, did your project involve actors whose role is mainly to organise
the dialogue with citizens and organised civil society (e.g. professional mediator;
communication company, science museums)?

Yes
No

12. Did you engage with government / public bodies or policy makers (including international
organisations)
No
Yes- in framing the research agenda
Yes - in implementing the research agenda
Yes, in communicating /disseminating / using the results of the project
13a Will the project generate outputs (expertise or scientific advice) which could be used by
policy makers?
Yes as a primary objective (please indicate areas below- multiple answers possible)
Yes as a secondary objective (please indicate areas below - multiple answer possible)
No
13b If Yes, in which fields?
Agriculture
Audiovisual and Media
Budget
Competition
Consumers
Culture
Customs
Development economics
and monetary affairs
Education, Training, Youth
Employment and Social Affairs

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Energy
Enlargement
Enterprise
Environment
External Relations
External Trade
Fisheries and Maritime
Affairs
Food Safety
Foreign and Security Policy
Fraud
Humanitarian Aid

Human Rights
Information Society
Institutional affairs
Internal Market
Justice, freedom and security
Public Health
Regional Policy
Research and Innovation
Space
Taxation
Transport

EU FP7 PROJECT HARP (318489): REPORT- AWARENESS AND WIDER SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS (D1.6)
13c If Yes, at which level?
Local / regional levels
National level
European level
International level

H Use and dissemination

14. How many Articles were published/accepted for publication in peerreviewed journals?

19

To how many of these is open access22 provided?

How many of these are published in open access journals?

How many of these are published in open repositories?

To how many of these is open access not provided?

All

Please check all applicable reasons for not providing open access:

publisher's licensing agreement would not permit publishing in a repository

no suitable repository available

IEEE access only

no suitable open access journal available

no funds available to publish in an open access journal
lack of time and resources
lack of information on open access
other

15. How many new patent applications (priority filings) have been made?
("Technologically unique": multiple applications for the same invention in
different jurisdictions should be counted as just one application of grant).
16. Indicate how many of the following Intellectual
Property Rights were applied for (give number in
each box).

Trademark

Registered design

Other

17. How many spin-off companies were created / are planned as a direct
result of the project? Indicate the approximate number of additional jobs
in these companies:

Indicate the approximate number of additional jobs in these companies:

18. Please indicate whether your project has a potential impact on employment, in comparison
with the situation before your project:
Increase in employment, or
enterprises Safeguard employment, or
Decrease in employment,
Difficult to estimate / not possible to quantify

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In small & medium-sized project

In large companies
None of the above / not relevant to the

EU FP7 PROJECT HARP (318489): REPORT- AWARENESS AND WIDER SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS (D1.6)
19. For your project partnership please estimate the employment
effect resulting directly from your participation in Full Time Equivalent
(FTE = one person working fulltime for a year) jobs:

Indicate figure:

Difficult to estimate / not possible to quantify

I Media and Communication to the general public

20. As part of the project, were any of the beneficiaries professionals in communication or
media relations?
Yes

No

21. As part of the project, have any beneficiaries received professional media / communication
training / advice to improve communication with the general public?
Yes

No

22 Which of the following have been used to communicate information about your project to
the general public, or have resulted from your project?
Press Release

Media briefing
TV coverage / report
Radio coverage / report

Brochures /posters / flyers

DVD /Film /Multimedia

Coverage in specialist press

Coverage in general (non-specialist) press
Coverage in national press
Coverage in international press
Website for the general public / internet
Event targeting general public (festival, conference, exhibition,
science caf)

23 In which languages are the information products for the general public produced?
Language of the coordinator
Other language(s)

English

Question F-10: Classification of Scientific Disciplines according to the Frascati Manual 2002 (Proposed Standard Practice
for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development, OECD 2002):

FIELDS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

1. NATURAL SCIENCES
1.1 Mathematics and computer sciences [mathematics and other allied fields: computer sciences and other allied subjects
(software development only; hardware development should be classified in the engineering fields)]
1.2 Physical sciences (astronomy and space sciences, physics and other allied subjects)
1.3 Chemical sciences (chemistry, other allied subjects)
1.4 Earth and related environmental sciences (geology, geophysics, mineralogy, physical geography and other geosciences,
meteorology and other atmospheric sciences including climatic research, oceanography, vulcanology, palaeoecology, other
allied sciences)
1.5 Biological sciences (biology, botany, bacteriology, microbiology, zoology, entomology, genetics, biochemistry,
biophysics, other allied sciences, excluding clinical and veterinary sciences)
2 ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
2.1 Civil engineering (architecture engineering, building science and engineering, construction engineering, municipal and
structural engineering and other allied subjects)

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2.2 Electrical engineering, electronics [electrical engineering, electronics, communication engineering and systems,
computer engineering (hardware only) and other allied subjects]
2.3. Other engineering sciences (such as chemical, aeronautical and space, mechanical, metallurgical and materials
engineering, and their specialised subdivisions; forest products; applied sciences such as geodesy, industrial chemistry,
etc.; the science and technology of food production; specialised technologies of interdisciplinary fields, e.g. systems
analysis, metallurgy, mining, textile technology and other applied subjects)
3. MEDICAL SCIENCES
3.1 Basic medicine (anatomy, cytology, physiology, genetics, pharmacy, pharmacology, toxicology, immunology and
immunohaematology, clinical chemistry, clinical microbiology, pathology)
3.2 Clinical medicine (anaesthesiology, paediatrics, obstetrics and gynaecology, internal medicine, surgery, dentistry,
neurology, psychiatry, radiology, therapeutics, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology)
3.3 Health sciences (public health services, social medicine, hygiene, nursing, epidemiology)
4. AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
4.1 Agriculture, forestry, fisheries and allied sciences (agronomy, animal husbandry, fisheries, forestry, horticulture, other
allied subjects)
4.2 Veterinary medicine
5. SOCIAL SCIENCES
5.1 Psychology
5.2 Economics
5.3 Educational sciences (education and training and other allied subjects)
5.4 Other social sciences [anthropology (social and cultural) and ethnology, demography, geography (human, economic
and social), town and country planning, management, law, linguistics, political sciences, sociology, organisation and
methods, miscellaneous social sciences and interdisciplinary , methodological and historical S1T activities relating to
subjects in this group. Physical anthropology, physical geography and psychophysiology should normally be classified with
the natural sciences].
6. HUMANITIES
6.1 History (history, prehistory and history, together with auxiliary historical disciplines such as archaeology, numismatics,
palaeography, genealogy, etc.)
6.2 Languages and literature (ancient and modern)
6.3 Other humanities [philosophy (including the history of science and technology) arts, history of art, art criticism,
painting, sculpture, musicology, dramatic art excluding artistic "research" of any kind, religion, theology, other fields and
subjects pertaining to the humanities, methodological, historical and other S1T activities relating to the subjects in this
group]

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EU FP7 PROJECT HARP (318489): REPORT- AWARENESS AND WIDER SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS (D1.6)

5 Conclusions
In this document, we have described the awareness and wider societal implications of HARP project.
During the 30 months (1 November 2012 till 30 April 2015) of the HARP project, ground-breaking
progress has taken place towards the projects goal to explore new, unprecedented, levels of
capacities in wireless broadband networks, by exploiting high capacity, multi-antenna, multi-cell
cooperative wireless access using RRH and ESPAR based schemes in a realistic, low-cost and, equally
importantly, environmentally-friendly manner. The consortium partners have consistently made
public as well as disseminated the main concepts and ideas developed in the project by organising
series of workshops, special sessions, seminars, demonstrations, videos and other activities. This has
indeed played an important role in creating awareness in research communities, governments and in
general public about the achievements of the project.
HARPs innovative approach to increase the capacities in wireless networks to an unprecedented level
will have wider societal implications, leading to revolutionary changes in the use of spectrum by
different networks operating in the same spectrum. This will ease the burden on spectrum regulatory
authorities and will lead to saving of costs to access the spectrum. HARP approach will lead to new
opportunities of revenues for EU governments as well as companies by the use of RRH and ESPAR
based ultra-spectrally efficient wireless networks. This will also bring overall ease for society in general
by reducing the costs of infrastructure in wireless network and corresponding savings in wireless
services for the end users.

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