qarTveluri memkvidreoba (akaki wereTlis saxelmwifo

universitetis qarTveluri dialeqtologiis samecniero-

kvleviTi institutis perioduli samecniero Jurnali)
tomi XII, gv., 15-18
nomadi barTaia

qarTulSi Semosuli arabul-sparsuli

leqsikidan ioseb griSaSvilis
"qalaquri leqsikonis" mixedviT
araqaTi, asli, zarifi, maslaaTi, majama, munasibi, nafazi, niaTi,
faida, xaTabala, xalali, jalali, jumali, hasari

1997 wels saarqivo masalaze dayrdnobiT rusudan kusraSvilma

gamoaqveyna saqarTvelos saxalxo poetisa da Zveli Tbilisis mkvlevris
ioseb griSaSvilis `qalaquri leqsikoni", romelic mdidaria
aRmosavluri, maT Soris arabul-sparsuli leqsikiT.
qarTulSi Semosul arabul-sparsul leqsikaSi vgulisxmobT
sparsulSi arabulidan damkvidrebul im sityvebs, romlebic dRes
sparsuli enis leqsikuri fondis ganuyofel nawils warmoadgenen.
naSromSi ganvixilavT amgvari leqsikuri erTeulebis nawils.
a r i q a _ `sityvis masalaa. `ariqa, wyali" da sxva. ariqa,
Cqara! _ Sorisdebuli, romelic ixmareba siCqareSi asaqezeblad" (i.
griSaSvili, 1997).
qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni ariqas ase ganmartavs:
sagangaSo Zaxili saSvelad, misaxmareblad, gasafrTxileblad da sxv.
SesaZlebelia, ariqa modiodes arabul-sparsuli leqsemidan ‫ﺣﺮﮐﺖ‬
(haraqaT), romlis mniSvnelobebia: 1. moZraoba; 2. wasvla; 3. manera...
(x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
a s l i _ `namdvili" (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikonis rvatomeulSi asli ori
mniSvnelobiT aris ganmartebuli: 1. originaluri, namdvili; 2. piri
dednisa, magram aRniSnuli leqsikonis erTtomeulis mixedviT,
romelic gamovida 1986 wels, asls mxolod "dednis piris"
mniSvneloba aqvs.
arabulsa da sparsul enebSi identuri fonetikuri saxiT aris
leqsema _ ‫( اﺻﻞ‬‰sl). misi mniSvnelobebia: 1. Ziri; 2. safuZveli; 3.
dasawyisi; 4. principi; 5. warmomavloba; 4. originali... (x. baranovi,
1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
CvenTvis saintereso leqsemis `qalaquri leqsikoniseuli"
ganmarteba identuria am sityvis arabul-sparsuli semantikuri
datvirTvisa.
z a r i f i _ `1. nebieri, kekluci, turfa, narnari,
sandomiani, amo; keTilSobili, kargad aRzrdili. 2. mekerme (Описание,
t.II. gv.421)" (i.griSaSvili,1997).
zarifi arabul-sparsuli leqsemaa _ ‫( ﻇﺮﻳﻒ‬zariô). misi
mniSvnelobebia: 1. lamazi, eleganturi; 2. maxvilgonieri; 3. kuriozuli
(x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
 CvenTvis saintereso qarTuli da arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri
erTeulebi
16 rogorc fonetikurad, ise semantikurad erTmaneTs
n. barTaia
emTxvevian.

m a s l a a T i _ `1. ukamaTo, sasiamovno baasi, sityvierad

Seqceva, bWoba. `karga didxan did arCevanSi da maslaaTSi iyvnen
(`kreb.", 1871 w. #3, gv. 36); `kargia garjila da CemTan samaslaaTod da
dros satareblad mosula" (iqve, gv. 38). 2. saubari, baasi" (i.
griSaSvili, 1997).
asevea axsnili es sityva qarTuli enis ganmartebiT leqsikonSic
_ maslaaTi (arab.) TavSesaqcevi, gulisgadasayolebeli saubari,
musaifi, baasi (qegl, 1964).
maslaaTi arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri erTeulia _ ‫ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺖ‬
(maslahaT), romlis mniSvnelobebia: `1. sargebeli; interesi; 2. rCeva; 3.
keTili saqme (x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
am sityvas qarTulSi garkveuli semantikuri cvlileba ganucdia.
m a j a m a _ `omonimebi; ori sityva, romelic erTgvarad
ismis, xolo azriT sxvadasxvaa" (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikonis mixedviTac majama aris _
leqsi, romelic gariTmulia omonimebiT (q e g l, 1986).
a. Wilaiasa da r. Wilaias `literaturaTmcodneobis cnebebis"
mixedviT, majama _ sparsul poeziaSi aRniSnavs leqsebis krebuls... (a.
r. Wilaia, 1984).
majama arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri erTeulia _ ‫( ﻣﺠﻤﻊ‬majm‰¯) _
Sekreba; kavSiri, romlis mravlobiTis formaa _ ‫( ﻣﺠﺎﻣﻊ‬maj‰me¯) (x.
baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983). CvenTvis saintereso sityva,
gansxvavebiT arabul-sparsulisgan, qarTulSi poetikur terminad aris
damkvidrebuli.
m u n a s i b i _ `moumzadeblis, an dauswavlelis
Sesaferisad da Sesabamisad warmoTqma. ucebi, kafia, eqspromti... `ra
rostom mefem am rigi saxelmwifo sasaxle asre aoxrebuli naxa,
sawuTros gautanlobas Seuwyinda da farsadan gorgijaniZes ubrZana;
`am sasaxlis asre mingreulobisaTvis erTi munasibi leqsi gviTxario
(saqarTvelos cxovreba", 1913 w. gv. 321"... (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
munasibi arabul-sparsuli leqsemaa _ ‫( ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬mon‰seb) Semdegi
mniSvnelobiT _ Sesaferisi (x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
aRvniSnavT, rom am sityvas, msgavsad majamisa, qarTulSi
poetikuri terminis funqcia SeuZenia.
n a f a z i _ 1. sakuTriv sunTqvas niSnavs; nafazi _
TuTunis mowevis dros bolis SesunTqva... 2. qoSini. sunTqva TuTunis
wevis dros...(i.griSaSvili, 1997).
qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikonis mixedviT nafazi aris _
Tambaqos bolis filtvebSi CaSveba.
nafazi arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri erTeulia _ ‫( ﻧﻔﺲ‬naфas).
misi mniSvnelobaa _ 1. sunTqva; 2. neli qrolva... (x. baranovi, 1957; i.
rubinCiki, 1983).
 unda aRiniSnos, rom `qalaquri leqsikonis" pirveli mniSvneloba,
met siaxloves avlens am sityvis arabul-sparsul SinaarsTan, vidre
qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikonis ganmarteba.
n i a T iqarTulSi
_`Rone,Semosuli
Zala, araqaTi. `niaTis gamoleva" _ am 17
arabul-sparsuli
saTauris werili aqvs a. fronels qs `saq.,
n moambeSi", 1910 w. #12" (i.
griSaSvili, 1997).
qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni am sityvas icnobs Semdegi
mniSvnelobiT _ araqaTi, qanci, Zala, Rone (qegl, 1986).
niaTi arabul-sparsuli leqsemaa _ ‫ﻧﻴﺖ‬ (niaT). misi
mniSvnelobaa: ganzraxva, mizani; survili (x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki,
1983).
qarTulSi es sityva garkveuli semantikuri cvlilebiT aris
damkvidrebuli..
f i a d a _ `qalaquri leqsikonis" avtors am sityvisTvis
kiTxvis niSani dausvams da ase ganumartavs: `ra menaRvleba; ra vqna, ra
gaewyoba" (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
faida arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri erTeulia _ ‫( ﻓﺎﻳﺪﻩ‬f‰ide) _
sargebeli (x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
x a T a – b a l a _ `ubedureba. amboben; va, ar minda raRa
wamogyve, xaTaa! `kniazjan, es ra xaTaa"! (r. erisT., `iv.," 1887 w., gv. 14).
`mis azrsa da wrfelsa grZnobas eZaxis xaTa-balasa" (vaJa, t. 1, gv.
126)" (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
xaTa-bala arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri erTeulebia: _ ‫ﺧﻄﺎ‬
(xaT‰) _ Secdoma; marcxi da _ ‫( ﺑﻼء‬bal‰) _ mwuxareba, ubedureba (x.
baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
qarTul enaSi am ori sityvis SeerTebiT miRebulia kompoziti
xaTa-bala.
SevniSnavT, rom arc arabulsa da arc sparsul leqsikonebSi am
saxis kompoziti ver davadastureT.
`qalaqur leqsikonSi" calkea ganmartebuli bala, romlis erT-
erTi mniSvnelobaa _ xaTabala, davidaraba (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
x a l a l i _ `nebadarTuli" (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
xalali fonetikurad odnav saxecvlili formaa arabul-sprsuli
leqsemisa _ ‫( ﺣﻼل‬hal‰l), romlis mniSvnelobebia: 1. nebadarTuli; 2.
patiosani; 3. patiosani gziT mopovebuli (x. baranovi, 1957; i.
rubinCiki, 1983).
j a l a l i _ `Semoqmedebis mqone, ZalTa Zali. saxelicaa.
`misca rame nawilic jalals, mis Zmas" (`mogz.", 1903 w. # 5-6. gv. 151).
saiaTnovasac aqvs" (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
jalali arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri erTeulia _ ‫( ﺟﻼل‬jal‰l).
misi mniSvnelobaa _ brwyinvaleba (x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
j u m a l i _ `anu jami. srulad SekrebiT gamoangariSebuli
ricxvi" (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
sabas ganmartebiTac jumali niSnavs _ jams (saba, 1991).
jumali arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri erTeulia _ ‫( ﺟﻤﻞ‬jomal).
misi mniSvnelobaa _ arabuli anbanis ricxviTi mniSvnelobiT angariSis
xerxi (x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
 h a s a r _ `sparsulad hangis saxelia" (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
arabulsa da sparsul enebSi aris sityva _ ‫( ﺣﺼﺎر‬hes‰r)
Semdegi mniSvnelobebiT: 1. Robe. n.
18 kedeli;
barTaia cixis kedeli; 2. soflis
Semokavebuli centri; cixe-simagre; 3. alya 4. hesar (musikaluri
melodiis saxelwodeba) (x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki, 1983).
aRvniSnavT, rom musikaluri melodiis mniSvnelobiT es sityva
mxolod sparsul leqsikonebSi dasturdeba.
h o v s i l a _ `araqaTi, Zal-Rone, energia. am sityvis
meore naw. _ sila raime damokidebulebaSi xom ar aris rus.
`silasTan?" (i. griSaSvili, 1997).
Cveni azriT, hovsilas, romelic warmoadgens qalaquri Jargonis
sakuTrebas, araviTari saerTo ara aqvs rusul enasTan. igi unda
momdinareobdes arabul-sparsuli leqsikuri erTeulidan _ ‫ﺣﻮﺻﻠﻪ‬
(housale) _ moTmineba, ganwyobileba (x. baranovi, 1957; i. rubinCiki,
1983).

damowmebuli literatura

x. baranovi, 1957 - Х. Баранов, Арабско-pусский словарь, Москва, 1957.

i. griSaSvili, 1997 - i. griSaSvili, `qalaquri leqsikoni", saarqivo
masala gamosacemad moamzada r. kusraSvilma, Tb., 1997. 18
qarTulSi
i. rubinCiki, 1983 Semosuli Арабско-pусский
- Х. Баранов, arabul-sparsuli leqsikidan...
словарь, Москва, 1957;
Персидско-русский словарь, под редакцией Ю. Рубиичика, Москва,
1983.
qegl, 1955-1964 - qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni, rvatomeuli,
Tb., 1955-1964.
qegl, 1986 - qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni, erTtomeuli, Tb.,
1986.
d. CubinaSvili, 1984 - d. CubinaSvili, qarTul-rusuli leqsikoni, Tb.,
1984.
a. Wilaia, r. Wilaia, 1984 - a. Wilaia, r. Wilaia,
literaturaTmcodneobis cnebebi, Tb., 1984.

NOMADI BARTAIA
BORROWINGS FROM ARABIK-PERSIAN VOCABULARY
ACCORDING TO THE IOSEB GRISHASHVILI’S
"KALAKURI DICTIONARY" ("CITY VOCABULARY")
We think that in the the Ioseb Grishashvili’s “Kalakuri Leksikoni” the words:
1. arakati, 2. asli, 3. zarifi, 4. maslaati, 5. majama, 6. munasibi, 7. nafazi, 8. niati, 9.
faida, 10. khatabala, 11. xalali, 12. jalali, 13. jumali and 14. hasari should have
originated from the following Arabik-Persian lexical units: 1. ‫( ﺣﺮﮐﺖ‬harakat), 2. ‫اﺻﻞ‬
(asl), 3. ‫( ﻇﺮﻳﻒ‬zarif), 4. ‫( ﻣﺼﻠﺤﺖ‬maslahat), 5. ‫( ﻣﺠﻤﻊ‬majma‘), 6. ‫( ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬monaseb), 7.
‫( ﻧﻔﺲ‬nafas), 8. ‫( ﻧﻴﺖ‬niat), 9. ‫( ﻓﺎﻳﺪﻩ‬fāide), 10. ‫ ﺑﻼء‬- ‫( ﺧﻄﺎ‬khata - balā‘), 11. ‫( ﺣﻼل‬halāl),
12. ‫( ﺟﻼل‬jalāl), 13. ‫( ﺟﻤﻞ‬jomāl) and 14. ‫( ﺣﺼﺎر‬hesār).