PENYAKIT JANTUNG

(HEART DISEASES)

Siti Sjamsiah
Program Studi Magister Farmasi Klinik
Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Airlangga
2013

Macam Penyakit Jantung:

A. Congenital (bawaan lahir) a.l.:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.

Pulmonary Stenosis /Stenosis katup paru (Stenosis

of the Pulmonary valvular RV )
Coarctation of aorta (localized narrowing of the
aortic arch ) dapat sebagai penyebab HT sekunder
Atrial septal defect (ASD) & Patent forament ovale
(PFO)
Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)

B. Valvular Diseases (Penyakit Katup)

i.

ii.

iii.

iv.

Mitral :
a) stenosis
b) regurgitasi
c) mitral valve prolaps
Aortic :
a) stenosis
b) regurgitasi (khronik regurgitasi)
Tricuspid:
a) stenosis
b) regurgitasi
Pulmonic regurgitation (a.l. karena pulmonic HT).

C. Coronary Heart Diseases & Vascular Disease

(atherosclerotic CAD, Ischemic HD; IMA)
i.
Chronic Stable Angina Pectoris.
ii.
Coronary vasospasm & angina with normal
coronary atherogram
iii. Acute Coronary Synd. IMA (STEMI,NSTEMI)
iv. Aorta & artery disorders (HT esensial
primer,sekunder,pulmoner); (arteri trombus-emboli,
aterosklerosis);(aorta aneurisma,
coarctasi, diseksi ); (claudication, Raynaulds);
(shock: sepsis, kardiogenik, hipovolemik)
v. Vena: varises, obstruktiv, DVT.tromboflebitis
vi.vesel limfatik: limfangitis,
fimfadema primer dan sekunder.

D. Disorders of Rate & Rhythm

1. Tachycardia:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.
x.
xi.
xii.

Sinus arrythmia bradycardia & takhikardia

Atrial extra systole (Premature beats)
Paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia
Supra ventricular tachycardia (pre excitation syndrome)
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Atrial tachycardia (multifocal/chaotic)
AV junction rhythm
Ventricular premature beats (ventricular extrasystole)
Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation & death
Accelerated idioventricular rhythm

Bradycardia & Conduction

disturbances

2.
i.

ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

Sick sinus syndrome

AV block
AV-dissociation
Intra-ventricular conduction defect
Syncope:
(a) vasomotor syncope
(b) ortho-static syncope (postural hypo-tension)
(c) cardiogenic syncope.

E. Gagal Jantung Kongestif (CHF)

CHF (Gagal Jantung Kongestif)
Gagal Jantung Akut & Edema Pulmoner
(lih makalah gagal jtg kiri, ggl jtg kanan,
ggl jtg high out put, ggl jtg low output
dsb)

F. Miokarditis dan kardiomiopathy

i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.

Infeksi Miokarditis
Drug-induced Kardiomiopathi
Dilated Cardiomiopathy
Takotshubo Cardiomyopaty
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

G. Acute Rheumatic Fever & Rheumatic Heart

Disease
H. Penyakit Pericardium:
i.
ii.
iii.

Akut inflamasi perikarditis

Efusi Perikardial
Konstriktif Perikarditis

I. Hipertensi Pulmoner & Penyakit

Jantung-Paru
i.
ii.

Idiopathik HT Pulmoner
Cor-Pulmunale ( Pulmonary Heart Disease)

J. Neoplastik pada Jantung

K. Keterkaitan Jantung anak involvement in
systemic disease: (SLE,rematoid artritis,
distrofimuskular, Marfans, acute
glomerulonefritis, hipothiroid,
hiperthiroid,anemi sickle cell
L. Penyakit Jantung Traumatik
M. Pasien Jantung dan Kehamilan (kongenital
defek, HT paru primer, Jtg reuma, HT,
kardiomiopathi)