Script #2:
I think, therefore I am. Youve probably heard this famous
quote, and may even be able to associate it with its author.
Were you thinking Rene Descartes? If so, then you were right.
Descartes is hailed as the Father of Modern Philosophy, but did you
also know that he was an extremely influential mathematician?
In fact, one of Descartess key conclusions was that the key to
philosophy, with all of its uncertainties, was to build on the
indisputable facts of mathematics. Hes often considered the first of
the modern school of mathematics.
Descartes brought us a lot of things that we take for granted in
modern mathematics. For one, he introduced standard algebraic
notation, using lowercase letters a, b, and c for known quantities and x,
y, and z for unknown quantities. Hes also credited as the first
mathematician to use superscript for writing exponents.
Ever used an xy-plane to graph something? You can thank
Descartes for that too. He brought us what is now known as Cartesian
coordinates in his book La Geometrie. The coordinate plane was
developed to locate points on a plane, but it developed into what is
known as analytic geometry. This was particularly groundbreaking,
because it allowed for the conversion of geometry to algebra, and viceversa. For example, thanks to Descartes, you can solve system of
equations both algebraically and graphically.
By far, the Cartesian coordinate system was Descartess biggest
contribution to mathematics. However, he also brought us Descartes
rule of signs, which allows you to determine the number of positive and
negative real roots of a polynomial based on the number of sign
changes. Its a pretty useful trick in advanced mathematics, such as
precalculus.
When you think of mathematicians, you think of Pythagoras, and
Euclid, and Pascal, but you usually dont think of Descartes. And yet,
without him, we would not only not have modern notation for algebra,
but also would not have the entire Cartesian coordinate system!
Descartes developments in mathematics are invaluable. To me, they
should be just as esteemed as his contributions to modern philosophy.