Kode PTE-4103
PERTEMUAN KESEPULUH:
Production of More Than One Product
Rini Dwiastuti
2007
Sub-Pokok Bahasan:
1. Production Possibilities for a Society
2. Production Possibilities at the Farm Level
3. General Relationships
4 Competitive,
4.
Competitive Suplementary,
Suplementary Complementary
Complementary, and
Joint Product
5. Product Transformation from Single-Input Production
Functions
6. Product Transformation and the Output Elasticity of
Substituion
Sumber Bacaan:
Debertin. 1986. Agricultural Production Economic.
Macmillan. New York
Guns
Production
Possibilities Curve
For Resource Bundle xo
Xo = g(B, G)
Xo = kuantitas tertentu dr sbdy
masyarakat
B = jmlh Butter yg diproduksi
G = jmlh
j lh G
Gun yg di
diproduksi
d k i
Butter
Asumsi:
Satu bendel input x = 10
X to Corn
Y1 (bu/acre)
Y2 (bu/acre)
Titik
X to
Soybean
10
55
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
45
62
87
100
111
120
127
132
135
136
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
54
52
49
45
40
34
27
19
10
0
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
corn
Soybean
TPP
136
111
TPP
55
40
10
10
Corn
136
135
111
X= 10
Soybean
10
40
55
3. General Relationships
Pers. KKP:
x = g(y1, y2)
I
Input
t bundle
b dl
O t t alternatif
Output
lt
tif
Note:
Pers tsb bukan fs produksi
Dibaca: jumlah satu bendel input dipergunakan u/
memproduksi y1 & y2
Turunan Total dr pers. KKP:
dx = (g/y1)dy1 + (g/y2)dy2
dx = (g/y1)dy1 + (g/y2)dy2
Perubahan penggunaan bundel
input x yg timbul dr
perubahansatu unit output y1
berbanding trebalik dg MPP
dx = (1/MPPxy1)dy1 + (1/MPPxy2)dy2
Asumsi dasar:
Tidak terjadi perubahan bendel input x
PTF (the product Transformation Function) u/
menetapkan alternatif kuantitas y1 & y2 yg dpt
diproduksi dr jumlah input x yg tetap
dx sepanjang PTF adalah nol
Y1
(bu/acre)
45
2
3
MPPx
X to
Y2
MPPx in
in Corn Soybean (bu/acre) Soybean
RPT of Corn
for Soybean
10
55
45
54
55 54 1
55-54=1
62
17
52
2/17=0.118
87
15
49
3/15=0.200
100
13
45
0.305
111
11
40
0.455
120
34
0.667
127
27
1.00
132
19
1.60
135
3*)
10
3.00
10
136
10
10.00
1/45 0 022
1/45=0.022
*) 135 132 = 3
dyy2/dyy1 < 0
Suplementary produksi y1 positif tanpa perubahan produksi y2
dy2/dy1 > 0
Joint kedua output diproduksi dlm rasio yg tetap
y1/2 + y2/3 = x
a constant
downward slope
of 3/2
y1 = b xy1
y2 = c xy2
xy1 + xy2 = x
y1 = Ax0.ay1
0b
y2 = Bx
B 0.b
y2
xy1 + xy2 = x
F
Formula
l elastisitas
l i i
substitusi
b i i ((eps)
eps = % perubahan rasio output dibagi dg % perubahan
tingkat trnasformasi produk
(y2/yy1))/yy1/yy2)]
)]/(RPTy
(
y1y2/RPTyy1y2)
eps = [[(y
Pd limit, ketika = d
eps = [d(y2/y1)/y1/y2)]/(dRPTy1y2/RPTy1y2)
= [d(y2/y1)/d(RPTy1y2)] / [(RPTy1y2)/(y1/y2)]
10