My Grammar Flipbook

Synonyms and Antonyms

Synonyms-words that are
similar to one another.

Antonyms-words that are

opposites

Examples:

Examples:

Happy and Glad

Short and Little
Small and Petite

Happy and Sad

Short and Tall
Small and Large

Prefixes and Suffixes

(Affixes)
Prefixes-placed at the
beginning of a word

Examples of Prefixes
Anti (meaning
against/opposite)
antisocial=the opposite of
social
Non (meaning not)
nonexistent=not there
Pre (meaning before)
precede=to come before
Pro (meaning for)
propel=to move forward

Suffixes-placed at the end

of a word

Examples of Suffixes
-an (meaning person)
musician=a person who
plays music
-ess (meaning female)
actress=a female actor
-ia (meaning diseases)
phobia=a disease having a
fear of
-less (meaning without)
motionless=without
motion/movement

Ex: Jimmy read a book in the park.

Jimmy=person book=thing park=place
Two types of nouns:
Common Nouns:
Proper Nouns:
Not specific and do not
A specific person,
place, or thing.
begin with a capitol letter.
It begins with a
CAPITOL letter.
Ex-dog, house, fish
Ex-Virginia, Monday, Atlantic
Ocean

A noun is a person, place, or thing.

Nouns

Ex: The tiny bird carried food to its family.

The pronoun its replaces the noun bird.
SINGULAR
Pronouns

PLURAL
Pronouns

A word that replaces a noun

(person/place/thing)
Pronouns

Action Verbs: actions you can do

Examples: Practice, Play, Jump, Run, Swim

Linking Verbs: state of being

Examples: is, are, was, were, seems, being, been
Verbs can change their form:
Auxiliaries are also called HELPING VERBS
They come BEFORE the main verb.
Tense (Past, Present, Future)
Common Helping Verbs
Person (1st, 2nd,3rd)
May
Be
Do
Have
Number (Singular/Plural)
Might Being Does Has
Voice (Active/Passive)

Must

Been

Did

Am, is
Are,
Was,
Were

Should Shall
Would Can
Could
Will

Had

Words which show action or state of

being.
Verbs

Describes size, color, number, and kind.

Possessive Adjectives show possession or ownership
Examples of Adjectives-adorable -new -some -red
-the
-easy
-beautiful -five -many -local -easy -a
The 3 tall girls in the red suits became models for the fashion show.
3 describes how many girls.
Tall describes what kind of girls.
The and red describe which suits.
The and fashion describe which and what kind of show.

ADJECTIVES ANSWER 3 QUESTIONS-What kind? How many?

Which one?

A word which describes or gives

information about a noun or pronoun.

Adjectives

Describes time, frequency, and manner

Examples of Adverbs-Yesterday -Carefully
-Quickly
-Downstairs -Outside
-Outside
-Accidentally -Sometimes -Always
-Recently
When you came to my house, I was away.
Answers questions when and where.
Robert carefully wrote his paper.
Answers the question how.

ADVERBS ANSWER 3 QUESTIONS-When? Where? How? To

what extent?

A word that gives more information about a

verb, adj, or another adv.

Adverbs

Preposition- a word
which shows the
relationships among
other words.
Prepositional
phrase=the preposition
+ the words that follow.
It is an area with a
beautiful view.
About below down
Above beneath
during
Across beside
excluding
After
between
following
Among beyond for
Around concerning
from
As
considering in
At
despite like

Conjunction- a word
that connects
words/groups of words
Coordinating-connects 2
equal parts of a sentence
(FANBOYS)
For, And, Nor, But, Or,
Yet, So
Subordinating-connects 2
unequal parts of a
sentence
-although, as, as long as,
before, because, even if,
if, in order, once, only if,
since, so that, than, that,
though, unless, until,
when, where, while
Correlative-pairs that
work together
BothAnd
Either
Or

Article- a kind of
adjective that gives
information about a
noun
Only 3 Articles
-a
-an
-the
Indefinite (general)
-a
-an
Definite (specific)
-the

Subject- who or what

the sentence is about.
Predicate-the verb and
everything that tells
about the subject.
Judy and her dog run
on the beach.
Judy and her
dog=subject
Run on the beach=
verb+ where the
subject runs

Simple Sentence-also called an independent

clause. Contains a subject, verb, and expresses
a complete thought.
Ex: Josh and Juan play football daily.
Ex: Alicia goes to the library and studies
daily.
Compound Sentence-contains 2 independent
clauses (sentences) joined by a coordinating
conjunction (FANBOYS)
Ex: Alex played football, so Maria went to watch
his game.
Alex played football=1st sentence
So=coordinating conjunction
Maria went to watch his game=2nd
sentence
Complex Sentence-contains 1 independent
clause and 1 dependent clause, joined by a
subordinating conjunction.
Ex: The students are studying because they