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Study Guide The American Revolution

Chapter 7 and 8
TEST DATE:__________________________________________________________
What caused the French and Indian War?
THE COUNTRIES OF BRITIAN AND FRANCE HAD BEEN ENEMIES FOR 100S OF YEARS.
THIS BAD HISTORIY CONTINUED AS THEY BOTH WANTED CONTROL OF THE GOOD
FARMLAND IN THE OHIO RIVER VALLEY.
Explain what happened during the Boston Massacre?
A SMALL NUMBER OF BRITISH SOLDIERS FACED A MOB OF ANGRY COLONISTS. THE
CROWD THREW SNOWBALLS AND STONES. FIVE COLONISTS WERE KILLED AND TO
GAIN MORE SUPPORT THE COLONISTS CALLED IT A MASSACRE.
What were colonists the wanted independence called? What were colonists that
wanted to be loyal to Britain called?
A SMALL NUMBER OF BRITISH SOLDIERS FACED A MOB OF ANGRY COLONISTS. THE
CROWD THREW SNOWBALLS AND STONES. FIVE COLONISTS WERE KILLED AND TO
GAIN MORE SUPPORT THE COLONIST CALLED IT A MASSACRE.
Explain why the British Parliament began taxing the colonists, what did they need to
pay for?
THEY NEEDED TO PAY FOR THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR AND BRITIAN WANTED
THE COLONISTS TO PAY.
How did the colonists feel about being taxed? What is inflation and how did that
affect the colonists?
THEY DIDNT LIKE THAT THEY HAD NO SAY OR REPRESENTATION IN HOW THE TAXES
WERE USED. INFLATION CAUSED THE PRICES TO GO UP ON VARIOUS TAXED ITEMS.
Why did Thomas Paine write Common Sense?
HE WANTED MORE SUPPORT FROM THE COLONISTS TO FIGHT FOR INDEPENDENCE
Who were the Daughters of Liberty?
THEY MADE THEIR OWN CLOTH INSTEAD OF PAYING FOR IMPORTED BRITISH CLOTH.
IT WAS A WAY TO BOYCOTT BRITISH GOODS.
Who was the main author of the Declaration of Independence? Why is it such an
important document?
THOMAS JEFFERSON. IT DECLARED THAT THE COLONISTS HAD TO BECOME
INDEPENDENT FROM BRITIAN. IT GAVE AMERICANS RIGHTS AND SET BASIC IDEAS
OF FREEDOM AND EQUALITY.

Why didnt the British ships help Cornwallis in Yorktown?

THE BRITISH HAD BEEN UNABLE TO DEFEAT THE FRENCH NAVY.
Who was Paul Revere?
PAUL REVERE WAS A SILVERSMITH AND A PATRIOT HE RODE THROUGH BOSTON TO
ALERT THE MINUTEMEN THAT THE REGULARS (BRITISH SOLDIERS)WERE COMING.
Who was Benedict Arnold?
HE WAS A PATRIOT WHO SECRETLY CHANGED SIDES AND GAVE INFORMATION TO
BRITIAN.
What happened in the Battle of Saratoga?
IT CONVINCED FRANCE TO HELP THE AMERICANS FIGHT, AFTER SARATOGA FRANCE
SENT MONEY, SOLDIERS AND A POWERFUL NACY TO HELP THE AMERICANS.
What was the Treat of Paris and what did it do to help the United States?
IT GAVE THE AMERICANS COLDNESS VICTORY ON PAPER. IT GAVE THEM
INDEPENDENCE AND THE RIGHT TO THEIR LAND.
Know the following for an essay question:
Continental Army Strengths:
-KNEW THE LAND WELL
-FIGHTING FOR A CAUSE
-STRONG LEADER IN GEORGE WASHINGTON
Continental Army Weaknesses:
-SMALLER NUMBER OF SOLDIERS THAN BRITIAN
-SOLDIERS WERE POORLY TRAINED AND ARMED
Be able to explain what it means to be a loyalist and what it meant to be a patriot.
Why did many Americans have a hard time choosing a side?
LOYALISTS: WANTED TO KEEP JOBS; THOUGHT THEN WAR WOULD HURT THEIR
BUSINESS; JUST BELIEVED IN BRITISH CAUSE
PATRIOTS: WANTED FREEDOM FROM BRITISH RULE; WANTED INDEPENDENCE
Be able to describe what happened at Valley Forge. Describe the conditions there
and what it was like for the soldiers. Why did they stay loyal to General Washington?
WASHINGTONS ARMY SUFFERED FROM HUNGER AND COLD. MANY OF THEIR
SUPPLIES HAD RUN OUT AND THEIR UNIFORMS WERE INADEQUATE. THEY STAYED
LOYAL TO WASHINGTON BECAUSE OF HIS LEADERSHIPS AND HE WORKED HARD TO
GET HIS SOLDIERS WHAT THEY NEEDED.
CHAPTER 7 VOCAB

Ally- A PERSON OR GROUP THAT JOINS WITH ANOTHER TO WORK TOWARD A GOAL.
Commander- OFFICER IN CHARGE OF AN ARMY.
Congress- GROUP OF REPRESENTATIVES WHO MEET TO DISCUSS SUBJECTS
Delegate- SOMEONE CHOSEN TO SPEAK AND ACT FOR OTHERS
Liberty- FREEDOM FROM BEING CONTROLLED BY ANOTHER GOVERNMENT
Militia- GROUP OF ORDINARY PEOPLE WHO TRAIN FOR BATTLE
Minutemen-MILITIA WITH SPECIAL TRAINING- READY FOR BATTLE AT A MINUTES
NOTICE
Patriot- COLONIST WHO OPPOSED BRITISH RULE
Proclamation-AN OFFICIAL PUBLIC STATEMENT
Rebellion- A FIGHT AGAINST A GOVERNMENT

Chapter 8 Vocabulary
Declaration- STATEMENT THAT DECLARES, OR ANNOUNCES, AN IDEA
Independence-FREEDOM FROM BEING RULED BY SOMEONE ELSE
Loyalist-SOMEONE WHO WAS STILL LOYAL TO THE KING
Mercenary-A SOLDIER WHO IS PAID TO FIGHT FOR A FOREIGN COUNTRY
Retreat-TO MOVE AWAY FROM THE ENEMY
Strategy-A PLAN OF ACTION
Surrender-TO GIVE UP
Traitor-SOMEONE WHO IS DISLOYAL
Treason-THE CRIME OF FIGHTING AGAINST ONES OWN GOVERNMENT; NOT LOYAL
TO COUNTRY
Victory- SUCCESS IN BATTLE