MODAL VERBS: General features: a. They are auxiliary verbs. b. They should go before a verb in the base form (Infinitive without to). c. They never appears with the —s of third person singular d. The verb that follows them don’t need third person singular. MODAL VERBS: Groups: _ABLLITY: Sa Tis used when we want fo say that we know to do something. “T can play the guitar” or “I can’t speak English’ | GoulTcouary [Tes ued as “Can” bu it expec a past situation, ‘When I was a child, Teould play the guitar” ‘or “I couldn't speak when I was one Will be able to” [It is used to express ability in the Won't be able to | Future “In the future, scientists will be able to ‘transplants brains” | Be able to Ttis used inthe rest of tenses. “T have been able to do the homework at time”,MODAL VERBS: Groups: [ - POSSIBILITY’ CERTAINTY: Might” “It might work if you connect it to a Might not battery” or “It might not work unless you ‘connect it to a battery”, May/ May not “Tmay go shopping with you” Could? Couldn't “Tcould try to doit” ‘Must Tt is used to express that we are sure | “Anne is never late. So, she must be ill”. about something. Can't Ts used to express we're sure of | “Anne can’t be at home. She is never late something is impossible. (negative form | and we have met ina minute”, of “Must” talking about Certainty) Group: ‘OBLIGAI Hl = Must Strong obligation, you can’'tavoid it, | “You must drive at your left in England”. ‘Masa ] Stong prohibition “You mustn't smoke in public places Tike schools. It is illegal”. Have to External obligation “Your dentist said you have to brush your teeth three times every day”. Don’t have to | You don’t have the necessity to do | “We don’t have to go to school on Sundays. Needto ] Weakabligaton “ive need to paat his oor, Tis wolouris ol fashionable” Resist Noabligaionto dosomething. | "We needa to paint the Howe yet. spotless”Shouldn't Ought to ADVICE: “You should study harder if you don’t want to get alow mark” or “You shouldn't waste time if you don’t want to fail your exam tomorrow”. “You ought to watch this TV program. I's amazing!” Be allowed to You are not allowed to enter here™ “May Thave a glass of wine?” “Could Thave another cup of coffee, please?” “Can I goto the toilette?”