By: Jonathan Stickle, Austin Marshall,Peter Hunt, and Scottie Fischer

5th Grade CA Science Standards

1. Elements and their combinations account for all the varied types of matter in the world. As a
basis for understanding this concept:
a. Students know that during chemical reactions the atoms in the
reactants rearrange to form products with different properties.
what happens during a chemical reaction
No new atoms are created, and no
atoms are destroyed. In a chemical reaction, reactants contact
each other, bonds between atoms in the reactants are broken, and
atoms rearrange and form new bonds to make the products.
Demonstration 8 Elephant toothpaste:
Amount of time= 1 day
In order to demonstrate
how atoms in a chemical reaction change. The different atoms create a
new substance, the foam, from the original ones.
materials:
A clean
16 ounce plastic soda bottle

1/2 cup

20-volume hydrogen peroxide liquid (20-volume is a 6%

solution, ask an adult to get this from a beauty supply store or
hair salon)

Liquid

Food

Small

Safety

Hydroge

Tablespoon (one packet) of dy yeast

Tablespoons of warm water
dish washing soap
coloring
cup
goggles

steps:

n peroxide can irritate skin and eyes, so put on those safety

goggles and ask an adult to carefully pour the hydrogen
peroxide into the bottle.

Add

Add

drops of your favorite food coloring into the bottle.

about 1 tablespoon of liquid dish soap into the bottle and swish
the bottle around a bit to mix it.

In

separate small cup, combine the warm water and the yeast
together and mix for about 30 seconds.

Now the

adventure starts! Pour the yeast water mixture into the bottle (a
funnel helps here) and watch it foam.
Concept:
the
atoms attach to each other creating the new substance, the
foam.

b. Students know all matter is made of atoms, which may combine

to form molecules.
diagram of an atom and how they join together by
sharing electrons
Atoms have an equal amount of
protons and electrons. Atoms have valence shells, the first can
hold 2

electrons, the second can hold 8, and so can the rest can hold 8
valence electron with a total electron count of 18 after the 3rd
period. Atoms can combine to form molecules, and example is
with H2O. Both hydrogens have one electron and can hold up to
two. The oxygen atom has 6 electrons and can hold 8 so the 3 join
together so that both of the hydrogen atoms share their electron
with the oxygen giving oxygen 8 and the oxygen shares with the
hydrogen making them both have 2.
Activity 5: Amount of time= 1 day
Make a model of an atom
to demonstrate what an atom would look like and its parts. Materials:
Wire to create valence shells, gobstoppers for protons, starburst for
neutrons, and mini marshmallows for electrons. Pick an easy atom like
carbon since it only has 6 electrons and protons.
Activity 5b: Molecular
Exploration = 1 Day
http://ww
w.chemeddl.org/resources/models360/models.php?
pubchem=977

l
earn how molecules are made

https://p

het.colorado.edu/en/simulation/build-an-atom

l
earn the differences between electrons, protons, and
neutrons, and how it relates to the periodic table

c. Students know metals have properties in common, such as high

electrical and thermal conductivity. Some metals, such as aluminum (Al), iron
(Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), and gold (Au), are pure elements;
others, such as steel and brass, are composed of a combination of elemental
metals.
what elements conduct electricity/heat and what
metals are combinations of two elements and not an element
metals conduct heat and electricity
the best out of the periodic table groups. Alloys are combinations
of elements like steel but arent on the periodic table.
Lab 1: Amount of time= 1day

Conductivity experiment
showing how different elements have different properties. Have electric
circuit with battery connected to wires and a light bulb. We would have
separate materials like copper, iron, silicon, nickel, and others to place
in the circuit and show how some conduct electricity very well and
others don't based on how bright the light bulb is.

d. Students know that each element is made of one kind of atom

and that the elements are organized in the periodic table by their chemical
properties.
what are elements made of and how are they
organized
Elements are organized based on
their atomic number (the number of protons = atomic number (can
also be counted as the number of electrons since they have an
equal amount of protons/electrons)) They are made of protons,
neutrons, and electrons.

Activity 4: Amount of time= 1 day

Periodic table puzzle

activity. They will have a list of the first 36 elements and a blank periodic
table. They will then put the elements in the right spots of the table up to
the 4th row.
puzzle attached below.

e. Students know scientists have developed instruments that can

create discrete images of atoms and molecules that show that the atoms and
molecules often occur in well-ordered arrays.
atom models

Also

activity 5
f. Students know differences in chemical and physical properties
of substances are used to separate mixtures and identify compounds.
Chemical and Physical Properties of substances

Activity 7: Amount of time= 1 day

To show the properties of

elements. Have students stick their hands in substances and test its
physical properties. Then, have the teacher test for chemical properties
by trying to light it on fire and smelling it.
elements used could be
salt, water, rubbing alcohol. Add color to test after taking blindfold off.
http://www.sciencekids.co.
nz/gamesactivities/materialproperties.html

 g. Students know properties of solid, liquid, and gaseous

substances, such as sugar (C6 H O6 ), water (H2 O), helium (He), oxygen (O2 ),
nitrogen (N2 ), and carbon 12 dioxide (CO2 ).
what are these elements

Lab 2: Amount of time= 1day

States of matter
experiment. Place ice in a beaker on a heating pad. Describe how it
starts as a solid with its atoms close together, changes to a liquid with
loose atoms, and finally to a gas with fast moving atoms that separate.
Show dry ice in pipet explosion. Put dry ice in a pipet, fold the end over
to create pressure and put the pipet in a cup of water. It will expand and
explode from the pressure created.
Lab 3: Amount of time=1 day
Talk about how heat
(increase/decrease) changes the state of matter. Balloon experiment,
heat balloon and show how it expands and cool it to show how it shrinks
showing temperatures effects on atoms. Heat makes the atoms move
faster, cold makes them slow down.

h. Students know living organisms and most materials are

composed of just a few elements.
Compound
Main element is Carbon. Life needs
Carbon. All living organisms had carbon, hydrogen,oxygen,
nitrogen, and phosphorus.
activity 9: Amount of time= 1 day
http://www.windows2unive
rse.org/earth/climate/carbon_cycle.html Carbon Cycle Game
demonstrates how
elements are apparent in living organisms.

i. Students know the common properties of salts, such as sodium

chloride (NaCl).
Properties of salt
lab 6: Amount of time = 2 days
To show the properties of
salts. Start with a salt water solution, describe the physical properties of
the solution and tell them there is an unknown substance it in. Pour
small amounts of the solution into petri dishes and leave out by the
windowsill overnight. The next day, look at the petri dishes and observe

the substance left and describe the properties of salt how it can dissolve
in a solution and be separated back into a solid.

19

He

Ca

20

Li

Sc

21

Be

Ti

22

23

Cr

24

Mn

25

Fe

26

Co

27

Ne

10

Ni

28

Na

11

Cu

29

Mg

12

Zn

30

Al

13

Ga

31

Si

14

Ge

32

15

As

33

16

Se

34

Cl

17

Br

35

Ar

18

Kr

36

Pop Assessment:
1)

What makes up an atom?

2)

What makes up elements?

3)

How are the elements organized in the periodic table?

4)

What happens to atoms in chemical reactions?

5)

What is the difference between an element, compound, and mixtures?

6)

What are physical properties and chemical properties?

7)

What types of elements conduct electricity/heat? Can alloys conduct electricity/heat?

8)

What are the properties of salts?

9)

What are the main elements in living organisms?

10) What are the properties of liquids, solids, and gas?