Understanding Apiicp653 Reading 9 Worksheet-04

Understandings API ICP653
Reading 9 - Q&A Practices

Work Sheet 04
API653 ,
Q&A
31st January 2016
Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang
Tank Farms
Adobe Acrobat Reader Hotkeys

Ctrl + G = find again
Ctrl + L = full screen
Ctrl + M = zoom to
Ctrl + N = go to page (insert number in box)
Ctrl + Q = quit program
Ctrl + + = zoom in
Ctrl + - = zoom out
Ctrl + 0 = fit in window
Ctrl + 1 = actual size
Ctrl + 2 = fit width
Ctrl + 3 = fit visible
Ctrl + 4 = reflow
Ctrl + Shift + A = deselect all
Ctrl + Shift + F = search query
Ctrl + Shift + G = search results
Ctrl + Shift + J = cascade windows
Ctrl + Shift + K = tile windows horizontally
Ctrl + Shift + L = tile windows vertically
http://allhotkeys.com/adobe_acrobat_reader_hotkeys.html
Ctrl + Shift + S = save a copy

Ctrl + Shift + P = page setup
Ctrl + Shift + W = search word assistant
Ctrl + Shift + X = search select indexes
Ctrl + Shift + Page Up = first page
Ctrl + Shift + Page Down = last page
Ctrl + Shift + + = rotate clockwise
Ctrl + Shift + - = rotate counterclockwise
Ctrl + Alt + W = close all
Alt + Left Arrow = go to previous view
Alt + Right Arrow = go to next view
Alt + Shift + Left Arrow = go to previous document
Alt + Shift + Right Arrow = go to next document
F4 = thumbnails
F5 = bookmarks
F8 = hide toolbars
F9 = hide menu bar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_keyboard_shortcuts
http://help.adobe.com/en_US/acrobat/using/WS58a04a822e3e50102bd615109794195ff-7aed.w.html
Fion Zhang at Shanghai

31st January 2016
API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications

Effectivity Sheet FOR: November 2015, March
2016 and July 2016
Listed below are the effective editions of the publications required for this
exam for the date(s) shown above.
API Recommended Practice 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in
the Refining Industry, Second Edition, April 2011
API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications

Effectivity Sheet FOR: November 2015, March
2016 and July 2016
Listed below are the effective editions of the publications required for this
exam for the date(s) shown above.
API Recommended Practice 571, Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in
the Refining Industry, Second Edition, April 2011
ATTENTION: Only the following sections / mechanisms from RP 571 are

included on the exam:
Section 3, Definitions
Par. 4.2.7 Brittle Fracture
4.2.16 Mechanical Fatigue
4.3.2 Atmospheric Corrosion
4.3.3 Corrosion Under insulation (CUI)
4.3.8 Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC)
4.3.9 Soil Corrosion
4.3.10 Caustic Corrosion
4.5.1 Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (Cl-SCC)
4.5.3 Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking (Caustic Embrittlement)
5.1.1.10 Sour Water Corrosion (Acidic)
5.1.1.11 Sulfuric Acid Corrosion
API Recommended Practice 575, Inspection of Atmospheric and LowPressure Storage Tanks, Third Edition, April 2014
API Recommended Practice 577 Welding Inspection and Metallurgy,
Second Edition, December 2013
API Standard 650, Welded Tanks for Oil Storage, Twelfth Edition, March
2013 with Addendum 1 (September 2014), Errata 1 (July 2013), and
Errata 2 (December 2014).
API Recommended Practice 651, Cathodic Protection of Aboveground
Petroleum Storage Tanks, Fourth Edition, September 2014.
API Recommended Practice 652, Lining of Aboveground Petroleum
Storage Tank Bottoms, Fourth Edition, September 2014
API Standard 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and
Reconstruction, Fifth Edition, November 2014.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Boiler and Pressure

Vessel Code, 2013 Edition
i. ASME Section V, Nondestructive Examination, Articles 1, 2, 6, 7 and 23
(section SE-797 only)
ii. Section IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications (Welding Only)
See end of this study note for API Official BOK
http://independent.academia.edu/CharlieChong1
http://www.yumpu.com/zh/browse/user/charliechong
http://issuu.com/charlieccchong
http://greekhouseoffonts.com/
The Magical Book of Tank Inspection ICP
API 650 PRACTICE QUESTIONS

Section 1 Scope
Q1. API 650 covers the design, materials, fabrication, erection, and testing of
aboveground steel storage tanks. What is the maximum internal pressure for
tanks not covered by
appendix F of this standard?
a) Maximum pressure shall not exceed 15 psig
b) Maximum pressure shall not exceed 15 psia
c) Maximum pressure shall not exceed the weight of the roof plates
d) Maximum pressure shall not exceed the weight of the floor plates
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 1.1.1
ANS:C
Q2. API-650 applies only to tanks whose entire bottom is uniformly supported
and tanks in ___ that have a maximum operating temperature of _____F.
a) Any petrochemical service and temperature not exceeding 120F
b) Non-refrigerated service and temperature not exceeding 200F
c) Non-refrigerated service and temperature not exceeding 120F
d) Any petrochemical service and temperature not exceeding 200F
ANS:B
Q3. An aboveground storage tank is to be subjected to a small internal

service pressure. To which standard or Code may the tank be designed?
a) API-650 providing the requirements of Appendix F are met
b) API-653 providing the requirements of Appendix F are met
c) ASME-Section VIII, Div. 1 providing the requirements of Appendix F are
met
d) ASME-Section VIII, Div. 2 providing the requirements of Appendix F are
met
ANS:A
Q4. According to Table 1-1, what is the status of Appendix O?

a) This Appendix is a Recommendation
b) This Appendix is a Requirement
c) This Appendix is Mandatory
d) This Appendix is Purchasers option
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 1.1.19 and Table 1-1
ANS:D
Q5. What is the purpose of the ( ) next to a paragraph number?
a) The paragraph requires a decision or action by the API
b) The paragraph requires a decision or action by the Inspector
c) The paragraph requires a decision or action by the purchaser
d) The paragraph requires a decision or action by the fabricator
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 1.1.2 and Note
ANS:C
Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 1, Scope
Section 2 Materials
Q1. API-650 lists materials to be used in the construction of tanks covered by
the standard. Is it permissible to use materials other than those listed in the
standard?
a) No only materials listed in API-650 may be used in tank fabrication
b) Yes as long as the manufacturer accepts full liability for tank failure
c) Yes providing it is certified as meeting all requirements of a material listed
in API-650 and is approved by the API-653 Inspector
d) Yes providing it is certified as meeting all the requirements of a material
listed in API-650 and is approved by the purchaser
ANS: D
Q2. If a new or unused plate cannot be completely identified, may it still be

used in the construction of tanks within the scope of API-650?
a) Yes only if the material passes the tests prescribed in Appendix S
b) Yes only if the material passes the tests prescribed in Appendix N
c) Yes only if the material passes the tests prescribed in ASME Section V
d) Yes only if the material passes the tests prescribed in ASME Section VIII,
Div. 2
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.1.2 ANS:B
Q3. What is the maximum permitted underrun for shell, roof, and bottom
plates?
a) 0.10 inch from the computed design thickness or minimum permitted
thickness
b) 0.01 inch from the computed design thickness or minimum permitted
thickness
c) 0.001 inch from the computed design thickness or minimum permitted
thickness
d) 0.02 inch from the computed design thickness or minimum permitted
thickness
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.1.2.3 ANS:B
Q4. Shell plates are limited to what maximum thickness?

a) Shell plates are limited to a maximum thickness of 1.250 inches
b) Shell plates are limited to a maximum thickness of 1.875 inches
c) Shell plates are limited to a maximum thickness of 1.750 inches
d) Shell plates are limited to a maximum thickness of 1.075 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.1.4 ANS: C
Q5. Which of the following is not a requirement for shell plates that are thicker
than 1.5 inches?
a) Plates thicker than 1.5 inches shall be free of mill scale and painted
b) Plates thicker than 1.5 inches shall be made to fine-grain practice
c) Plates thicker than 1.5 inches shall be impact tested
d) Plates thicker than 1.5 inches shall be normalized or quench tempered
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.1.4 ANS: A
Q6. What is the maximum shell plate thickness permitted for a tank fabricated
of ASTM A36 material?
a) This plate material is limited to 1.750 inches
b) This plate material is limited to 1.075 inches
c) This plate material is limited to 1.050 inches
d) This plate material is limited to 1.500 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.2 a
ANS: D
Q7. What is the maximum shell plate thickness permitted for a tank fabricated
of ASTM A285, Grade C material?
a) This plate material is limited to 1.000 inches
b) This plate material is limited to 1.250 inches
c) This plate material is limited to 1.500 inches
d) This plate material is limited to 1.750 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.2 d
ANS: A
API650:
4.2.2 ASTM Specifications Plates that conform to the following ASTM
specifications are acceptable as long as the plates are within the stated
limitations. a) ASTM A36M/A36 for plates to a maximum thickness of 40 mm
(1.5 in.). None of the specifications for the appurtenant materials listed in
Table 1 of ASTM A36M/A36 are considered acceptable for tanks constructed
under this standard unless it is expressly stated in this standard that the
specifications are acceptable.
d) ASTM A285M/A285, Grade C, for plates to a maximum thickness of 25 mm
(1 in.).
Q8. All welding to repair surface defects shall be done with ______.
a) Cellulose coated electrode b) High nickel content electrode
c) Low-hydrogen electrode d) Gas tungsten process
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.6.2
ANS:C
Q9. When conducting impact tests, how many specimens are required from a
single test coupon?
a) Impact tests shall be performed on a single specimen taken from a single
test coupon
b) Impact tests shall be performed on two specimens taken from a single test
coupon
c) Impact tests shall be performed on three specimens taken from a single
test coupon
d) Impact tests shall be performed on four specimens taken from a single test
coupon
Q10. In situations where it is not possible to obtain full size specimens, what
is the required width along the notch for subsize specimens?
a) 60% of the material thickness
b) 80% of the material thickness
c) 90% of the material thickness
d) 75% of the material thickness
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.8.5 ANS: B
Q11. Unless data is available to justify a different temperature, what must the
design metal temperature be for an aboveground storage tank to be installed
in Birmingham, Alabama?
a) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 25F
b) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 15F
c) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 20F (?)
d) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 10F
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.9.3 and Figure 2-2 ANS:?
API650:
4.2.9.5 For a plate whose thickness is insufficient to permit preparation of fullsize specimens [10 mm 10 mm (0.394 in. 0.394 in.], tests shall be made
on the largest subsize specimens that can be prepared from the plate.
Subsize specimens shall have a width along the notch of at least 80 % of the
material thickness.
Figure 4.2Isothermal Lines of Lowest One-Day Mean Temperatures (F)
Annex L (normative) API Standard 650 Storage Tank Data Sheet

Design Metal Temperature*: Enter either lowest 1-day mean temperature plus
8 C (15 F) or a lower temperature as specified by the Purchaser if operating
conditions and/or local atmospheric conditions control fracture toughness
issues.
Q12. Unless data is available to justify a different temperature, what must the
design metal temperature be for an aboveground storage tank to be installed
in Indianapolis, Indiana?
a) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 5F
b) The design temperature shall be assumed to be -5F
c) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 0F
d) The design temperature shall be assumed to be 10F
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.9.3 and Figure 2-2 ANS: -10F+15F=5F
Q13. What is the required average longitudinal impact value of three
specimens taken from a 1.375 inch thick A 516M-60(415) normalized Group
IIIA test coupon?
a) 30 foot-pounds
b) 20 foot-pounds
c) 15 foot-pounds
d) 13 foot-pounds
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.10.2 and Figures 2-3 and 2-4 ANS: C
Annex L (normative) API Standard 650 Storage Tank Data Sheet

Design Metal Temperature*: Enter either lowest 1-day mean temperature plus
8 C (15 F) or a lower temperature as specified by the Purchaser if operating
conditions and/or local atmospheric conditions control fracture toughness
issues.
Q14. What is the required average longitudinal impact value of three

specimens taken from a 1.5 inch thick A 516M-70(485) as rolled Group V test
coupon?
a) 35 foot-pounds
b) 25 foot-pounds
c) 20 foot-pounds
d) 30 foot-pounds
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.10.2 and Figures 2-3 and 2-4 ANS: D
Table 4.5bMinimum Impact Test Requirements for Plates (USC) (See

Note)
Q15. Longitudinal impact tests are performed on three specimens, taken from
a 1.5 inch thick A 516M-70(485) as rolled test coupon with the following
results:
Specimen #1 42 foot-pounds,
Specimen #2 18 foot-pounds,
Specimen # 3 31 foot-pounds.
Is the impact test acceptable?
a) Yes the average impact value exceeds 30 foot-pounds
b) Yes only one specimen is less than 2/3 the specified minimum value
c) No the average impact value of Specimen # 1 exceeds 2/3 the required
average impact value and one specimen is less than 2/3 the specified
minimum value
d) No Specimen #2 is less than 2/3 the specified minimum
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 2.2.8.3 and Figures 2-3 and 2-4 ANS: D
API650:
4.2.9.3 An impact test shall be performed on three specimens taken from a
single test coupon or test location.
The average value of the specimens (with no more than one specimen value
being less than the specified minimum value) shall comply with the specified
minimum value.
If more than one value is less than the specified minimum value, or if one
value is less than two-thirds the specified minimum value, three additional
specimens shall be tested, and each of these must have a value greater than
or equal to the specified minimum value.
Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 2, Materials
Section 3 Design
Q1. According to API-650, tack welds _______
a) May be installed by welders who need practice
b) Can be considered as adding to the strength of a welded joint
c) Are not considered as having any strength value in the finished structure
d) Have strength value in the finished structure provided they are performed
by a qualified welder to a qualified welding procedure
Q2. What is the minimum size fillet weld permitted when joining a 1 thick
plate to a thick plate?
a) 3/16
b) 1/4
c) 3/8
d) 1/2
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.1.3.3 ANS: B, 1/3 of =
API650:
5.1.3.3 The minimum size of fillet welds shall be as follows: On plates 5 mm
(3/16 in.) thick, the weld shall be a full- fillet weld, and on plates more than 5
mm (3/16 in.) thick, the weld thickness shall not be less than one-third the
thickness of the thinner plate at the joint and shall be at least 5 mm (3/16 in.).
Q3. For lap-welded joints that are tack welded, what is the minimum amount
of lap permitted?
a) The lap need not exceed 2
b) The lap need not exceed 1
c) The joint shall be lapped at least 5 times the minimum required thickness of
the thinner plate
d) The joint shall be lapped at least 5 times the nominal thickness of the
thinner plate
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.1.3.5 ANS: D
Q4. The welded joint pictured here is defined as what type of joint?
a) Double-V butt joint
b) Square-groove butt joint
c) Double-U butt joint
d) Double-square butt joint
Q5. Vertical shell joints may be partial penetration groove welds welded from
both sides.
a) True
b) False
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.1.5.2 a ANS:B
Q6. API 650 requires the vertical joints in adjacent shell courses to be offset.
What is the minimum required offset between the first course of an AST,
which is 1.25 thick and the second course which is 1 thick?
a) The minimum offset shall be 5 times the second shell course height
b) The minimum offset shall be 5 times the thickness of the second course
c) The minimum offset shall be 5 times the first shell course height
d) The minimum offset shall be 5 times the thickness of the first shell course
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.1.5.2 b ANS: D
API650: 5.1.5.1 General

b) Vertical joints in adjacent shell courses shall not be aligned, but shall be
offset from each other a minimum distance of 5t, where t is the plate
thickness of the thicker course at the point of offset.
Q7. Three-plate laps in tank bottoms shall be at least ____ from each other,
from the tank shell, from butt-welded annular-plate joints, and from joints
between annular plates and the bottom.
a) 1.2 inches
b) 12 inches
c) 1.2 feet
d) 12 feet
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.1.5.4 ANS:B
Q8. What is the maximum size of fillet weld permitted in the attachment
between the lowest course shell plate and the bottom plate?
a) 3/8 inch
b) 5/16 inch
c) 1/2 inch
d) 1/4 inch
Q9. What is the minimum size fillet weld required on each side of the shell
plate attaching shell plate to the annular plate? The shell plate is 1.25 thick.
a) 3/8 inch
b) 3/16 inch
c) 1/4 inch
d) 5/16 inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.1.5.7ANS: D
Q10. A 110 ft diameter tank shall have a top angle not less than ____ inches.
a) 2 X 2 X 3/8
b) 2 X 3 X 3/8
c) 3 X 3 X 3/8
d) 3 X 2 X 3/8
5.1.5.7 Shell-to-Bottom Fillet Welds a) For bottom and annular plates with a
nominal thickness 13 mm (1/2 in.), and less, the attachment between the
bottom edge of the lowest course shell plate and the bottom plate shall be a
continuous fillet weld laid on each side of the shell plate. The size of each
weld shall not be more than 13 mm (1/2 in.) and shall not be less than the
nominal thickness of the thinner of the two plates joined (that is, the shell
plate or the bottom plate immediately under the shell) or less than the
following values:
b) For annular plates with a nominal thickness greater than 13 mm (1/2 in.),
the attachment welds shall be sized so that either the legs of the fillet welds or
the groove depth plus the leg of the fillet for a combined weld is of a size
equal to the annular-plate thickness (see Figure 5.3c), but shall not exceed
the shell plate thickness.
API650: 5.1.5.9 Roof and Top-Angle Joints

e) Except as specified for open-top tanks in 5.9, for tanks with frangible joints
per 5.10.2.6, for self-supporting roofs in 5.10.5, and 5.10.6, and for tanks with
the flanged roof-to-shell detail described in Item f below, tank shells shall be
supplied with top angles of not less than the following sizes:
Q11. The ______ shall state the design metal temperature, the design
specific gravity, the corrosion allowance, and the design wind velocity.
a) The purchaser
b) The fabricator
c) The Inspector
d) Erector
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.2.1 ANS: A
Q12. According to API-650, tanks meeting the minimum requirements of the
standard may be subjected to a partial vacuum of _____.
a) One inch of mercury
b) One inch of water pressure
c) One pound per square inch absolute
d) One centimeter of water pressure
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.2.4ANS: B
API650:
5.2 Design Considerations 5.2.1 Loads Loads are defined as follows.
a) Dead Load (DL): The weight of the tank or tank component, including any
corrosion allowance unless otherwise noted. b)
b) Design External Pressure (Pe): Shall not be less than 0.25 kPa (1 in. of
water) except that the Design External Pressure (Pe) shall be considered
as 0 kPa (0 in. of water) for tanks with circulation vents meeting Annex H
requirements. Refer to Annex V for design external pressure greater than
0.25 kPa (1 in. of water). Requirements for design external pressure
exceeding this value and design requirements to resist flotation and
external fluid pressure shall be a matter of agreement between the
Purchaser and the Manufacturer (see Annex V). Tanks that meet the
requirements of this standard may be subjected to a partial vacuum of 0.25
kPa (1 in. of water), without the need to provide any additional supporting
calculations.
c) Design Internal Pressure (Pi): Shall not exceed 18 kPa (2.5 lbf/in.2).
Q13. An AST is 116 ft in diameter and constructed of A 516M-70(485) Group

V as rolled material. How many hardness tests are required on one
circumferential weld?
a) One
b) Two
c) Three
d) Four
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.3.4 ANS: D
Q14. The purchaser orders an aboveground storage tank and insists on a
corrosion allowance in the bottom plates of .125 inches. What is the minimum
thickness permitted for bottom plates in this tank?
a) Minimum thickness of bottom plate is 1/4 inch
b) Minimum thickness of bottom plate is 1/2 inch
c) Minimum thickness of bottom plate is 3/8 inch
d) Minimum thickness of bottom plate is 5/16 inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.4.1 ANS: C
5.3.4 Weld Hardness

a) Weld metal and Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) hardnesses shall comply with
the H2S Supplemental Specification listed on the Data Sheet, Line 5,
when specified by the Purchaser.
b) When specified by the Purchaser, the hardness of the weld metal for shell
materials in Group IV, IVA, V, or VI shall be evaluated by one or both of
the following methods.
1. The welding-procedure qualification tests for all welding shall include
hardness tests of the weld metal and heataffected zone of the test plate.
The methods of testing and the acceptance standards shall be agreed
upon by the Purchaser and the Manufacturer.
2. All welds deposited by machine or an automatic process shall be hardness
tested on the product-side surface. Unless otherwise specified, one test
shall be conducted for each vertical weld, and one test shall be conducted
for each 30 m (100 ft) of circumferential weld. The methods of testing and
the acceptance standards shall be agreed upon by the Purchaser and the
Manufacturer.
Q15. What is the minimum projection, of trimmed bottom plates, beyond the
outside edge of the weld attaching bottom to the shell?
a) Minimum projection is 0.01 inch
b) Minimum projection is 0.10 inch
c) Minimum projection is 1.00 inch
d) Minimum projection is 10.0 inch
Q16. Annular bottom plates shall have a radial width that provides at least
____ between the inside of the shell and any lap-welded joint in the
remainder of the bottom.
a) 12 inches
b) 24 inches
c) 1.2 inches
d) 2.4 inches
Q17. How far must annular bottom plates project outside the shell?
a) Annular bottom plates shall project at least 1 inch when trimmed
b) Annular bottom plates shall project at least 1/2 inch beyond the edge of the
weld
c) Annular bottom plates shall project at least 2 inches outside the shell
d) Annular bottom plates shall project at least 5t (t = thickness of the shell
course) outside the shell
Trimmed bottom plates shall project at least 1 inches

outside the shell
Annular bottom plates shall project at least 2 inches
outside the shell
Q18. The thickness of the first shell course of an aboveground storage tank is
1 5/8th inches. The hydrostatic test stress in the first shell course is 33,000
psi. What is the minimum permissible thickness of the annular bottom plates?
a) Minimum permitted thickness is 5/8th inch
b) Minimum permitted thickness is 9/16th inch
c) Minimum permitted thickness is 3/4 inch (?)
d) Minimum permitted thickness is 11/16th inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.5.3 and Table 3-1 ANS: A
Q19. According to API-650, what is the minimum allowable nominal shell
thickness of an AST that is 86 feet in diameter?
a) Minimum nominal shell thickness is 3/16th inch
b) Minimum nominal shell thickness is 1/4 inch
c) Minimum nominal shell thickness is 9/32nd inch
d) Minimum nominal shell thickness is 5/16th inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.6.1.1ANS: B
Table 5.1bAnnular Bottom-Plate Thicknesses (tb) (USC)
Q20. Unless otherwise agreed to by the purchaser, what is the minimum

nominal width of shell plates?
a) Minimum width of shell plates is 84 inches
b) Minimum width of shell plates is 96 inches
c) Minimum width of shell plates is 72 inches
d) Minimum width of shell plates is 120 inches
Q21. Aboveground storage tank manufacturers are required to furnish a
drawing to the purchaser listing all but which of the following for each course?
a) The material specification
b) The allowable stress
c) The nominal thickness used
d) The nominal thickness of coatings
Q22. In calculating the net plate thickness for an AST fabricated of A 516M
Grade 450(60) material, what would be the product design stress value used
in the calculation?
a) 24,000
b) 21,300
c) 32,000
d) 23,300
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.6.2.1 and Table 3-2 ANS: B
Q23. The fabricator of an AST obtains the approval of the purchaser to use
the alternative shell design permitted in Appendix A in the design of a 60 foot
diameter tank using 3/8th inch A 516M Grade 450(60) plate. What allowable
stress would be used in the design calculations?
a) 21,300 b) 24,000 c) 21,000 d) 32,000
API650:
A.3 Design A.3.1 The maximum tensile stress before the joint efficiency
factor is applied shall be 145 MPa (21,000 lbf/in.2). A.3.2 Stresses shall be
computed on the assumption that the tank is filled with water (specific gravity
= 1.0) or with the liquid to be stored if it is heavier than water. A.3.3 The
tension in each ring shall be computed 300 mm (12 in.) above the centerline
of the lower horizontal joint of the course in question. When these stresses
are computed, the tank diameter shall be taken as the nominal diameter of
the bottom course.
Q24. What is the maximum diameter of tank that permits the 1-foot method of
calculation for required thickness?
a) Tanks 50 feet in diameter and less
b) Tanks 120 feet in diameter and less
c) Tanks 180 feet in diameter and less
d) Tanks 200 feet in diameter and less
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.6.3.1: ANS: D
Q25. Openings in tank shells, larger than that required to accommodate a
____ flanged or threaded nozzle shall be reinforced.
a) 2 inch
b) 2.5 inch
c) 3 inch
d) 3.5 inch
Q26. When installing openings in a shell plate, the edge of the fillet weld
around the periphery of the reinforcing pad shall be spaced at least the
greater of _______ from the centerline of any butt-welded shell joints.
a) Eight inches or ten times the weld size
b) Eight times the weld size or ten inches
c) Eight times the weld size or six inches
d) Eight inches or six times the weld size
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.7.3.1 a ANS: B
Q27. When installing openings adjacent to each other, how much space must
there be between the welds around the periphery of the reinforcing plate?
a) Eight times the larger weld or ten inches from each other
b) Eight inches or six times the larger weld from each other
c) Eight times the larger weld or six inches from each other
d) Eight times the larger weld or eight inches from each other
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.7.3.1 b ANS: C
5.7.3 Spacing of Welds around Connections

5.7.3.1 For non-stress-relieved welds on shell plates over 13 mm (1/2 in.)
thick, the minimum spacing between penetration connections and adjacent
shell-plate joints shall be governed by the following.
a) The toe of the fillet weld around a non-reinforced penetration or around the
periphery of a reinforcing plate, and the outer edge of a butt-weld around
the periphery of a thickened insert plate or insert plate, shall be spaced at
least the greater of eight times the weld size or 250 mm (10 in.) from the
centerline of any butt-welded shell joints, as illustrated in Figure 5.6,
dimensions A or B.
b) The toe of the fillet weld around a non-reinforced penetration or around the
periphery of a reinforcing plate, and the outer edge of a butt-weld around
the periphery of a thickened insert plate or insert plate, shall be spaced at
least the greater of eight times the larger weld size or 150 mm (6 in.) from
each other, as illustrated in Figure 5-6, dimension E.
Figure 5.6Minimum Weld Requirements for Openings in Shells

According to 5.7.3

According to 5.7.3

According to 5.7.3
Q28. A minimum distance of ____ shall be maintained between the toe of a

weld around a non-reinforced penetration and the toe of the shell-tobottom weld.
a) Ten inches b) Eight inches c) Six inches d) Three inches
Q29. Subject to the acceptance of the purchaser, the manufacture may locate
a circular shell opening in a horizontal butt-welded shell joint provided
______.
a) Minimum spacing dimensions are met and a liquid penetrant examination
of the welded joint is conducted
b) Minimum spacing dimensions are met and a radiographic examination of
the welded joint is conducted
c) Minimum spacing dimensions are met and an ultrasonic examination of
the welded joint is conducted
d) Minimum spacing dimensions are met and a magnetic particle examination
of the welded joint is conducted

According to 5.7.3
API650: 5.7.3.4 Nozzles and manholes should not be placed in shell weld
seams and reinforcing pads for nozzles and manholes should not overlap
plate seams (i.e. Figure 5.9, Details a, c, and e should be avoided). If there is
no other feasible option and the Purchaser accepts the design, circular shell
openings and reinforcing plates (if used) may be located in a horizontal or
vertical butt-welded shell joint provided that the minimum spacing dimensions
are met and a radiographic examination of the welded shell joint is conducted.
The welded shell joint shall be fully radiographed for a length equal to three
times the diameter of the opening, but the weld seam being removed need
not be radiographed. Radiographic examination shall be in accordance with
8.1.3 through 8.1.8.
Q30. All flush-type clean-out fittings and flush-type shell connections shall be
thermally stress relieved after assembly and prior to installation in the tank.
What are the temperature range and time requirements for this stress relief
activity?
a) 1100F to 1200F for 1 hour per inch of reinforcing plate thickness
b) 1100F to 1200F for 1/2 hour per inch of shell thickness
c) 1100F to 1200F for 1 hour per inch of shell thickness
d) 1100F to 1200F for 1 & 1/2 hour per inch of shell thickness
Q31. Subject to the acceptance of the purchaser, the fabricator may stress
relieve at a temperature of 1000F when it is impractical to stress relieve at a
minimum temperature of 1100F providing _____.
a) The shell plate is first pre-heated to 300F
b) The holding time is increased to 2 hours per inch of thickness
c) The holding time is increased to 4 hours per inch of thickness
d) The holding time is increased to 10 hours per inch of thickness
Q32. What is the minimum required thickness for a manhole cover plate to be
used with a 24 inch manhole? The maximum design liquid level of the tank is
45 feet.
a) Minimum thickness of cover plate is 9/16th inch
b) Minimum thickness of cover plate is 5/8th inch
c) Minimum thickness of cover plate is 1/2 inch
d) Minimum thickness of cover plate is 11/16th inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.7.5.1 and Table 3-3 ANS: A
Q33. What is the bolt circle diameter for a cover plate used with a 30 inch
diameter manhole?
a) 32 inch
b) 36 inch
c) 38 inch
d) 42 inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.7.5.2 and Table 3-5 ANS: B
Q34. The purchaser has ordered a 36 inch manhole to be installed in the first
course of an AST. The thickness of the shell plate and the reinforcing plate
is 1.375 inches. What is the required hole diameter that must be cut in the
tank to accommodate this manhole?
a) 36 & 1/4 inch b) 36 & 1/2 inch c) 36 & 3/4 inch d) 36 & 5/8 inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.7.5.3 and Table 3-7 ANS: C
Q35. API 650 requires telltale holes in reinforcing plates. What is the required
dimension of this hole and what should be done with it after the initial repad pressure test?
a) The hole shall be 3/8 inch diameter and shall be left open to the
atmosphere
b) The hole shall be 1/4 inch diameter and shall be left open to the
atmosphere
c) The hole shall be 3/8 inch diameter and shall be closed after testing
d) The hole shall be 1/4 inch diameter and shall be closed after testing
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.7.6.1 ANS:
Table 5.7bDimensions for Shell Nozzles: Pipe, Plate, and Welding

Schedules (USC)
Table 5.7bDimensions for Shell Nozzles: Pipe, Plate, and Welding

Schedules (USC)
Q36. What is the maximum size un-reinforced opening permitted in flat cover
plates without increasing the thickness of the cover plate?
a) 4 inch pipe size providing the edge of the opening is not more than the
height or diameter of the opening closer to the center of the cover plate
b) 3 inch pipe size providing the edge of the opening is not more than the
c) 2 inch pipe size providing the edge of the opening is not more than the
d) 1 & inch pipe size providing the edge of the opening is not more than
the height or diameter of the opening closer to the center of the cover plate
Q37. What is the maximum size opening that may be placed in a cover plate?
a) 12 inches pipe size
b) 8 inches pipe size
c) 6 inches pipe size
d) 3 inches pipe size
Q38. An aboveground storage tank has a design liquid height of 40 feet. The
purchaser intends to install product mixing equipment in the cover plate of a
30 inch manhole. What is the required minimum thickness of the cover plate?
a) The minimum thickness shall be at least .625 inches
b) The minimum thickness shall be at least .75 inches
c) The minimum thickness shall be at least .9375 inches
d) The minimum thickness shall be at least .875 inches
API650: 5.8.3 Cover Plates

A cover plate with a nozzle attachment for product-mixing equipment shall
have a thickness at least 1.4 times greater than the thickness required by
Table 5.3a and Table 5.3b. The added thickness (or pad plate) for
replacement of the opening cutout in the cover plate shall be based on Table
5.3a and Table 5.3b. The 40 % increase in thickness within a radius of one
diameter of the opening may be included as part of the area of replacement
required. The mixer- nozzle attachment to the cover plate shall be a fullpenetration weld. The manhole bolting-flange thickness shall not be less than
1.4 times the thickness required by Table 5.3a and Table 5.3b. The manhole
nozzle neck shall be designed to support the mixer forces with a minimum
thickness not less than the requirements
Table 5.3bThickness of Shell Manhole Cover Plate and Bolting Flange

(USC)
11/16 x 1.4 x 40/43.9 = 0.877
Q39. A 24 inch manhole is to be installed in a roof plate and it is anticipated

that work may be carried on through the manhole while the tank is in use.
What is the diameter of the opening to be cut in the roof plate and what is
the outside diameter of the reinforcing plate?
a) The diameter of the opening is 24.625 and the OD of the reinforcing plate
is 42
b) The diameter of the opening is 24.625 and the OD of the reinforcing plate
is 46
c) The diameter of the opening is 24.750 and the OD of the reinforcing plate
is 42
d) The diameter of the opening is 24.750 and the OD of the reinforcing plate
is 46
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.8.4 ANS: B
Figure 5.16Roof Manholes (see Table 5.13a and Table 5.13b)
Q40. What is the minimum thickness permitted for rectangular roof opening
cover plates?
a) Minimum thickness shall not be less than .875 inches
b) Minimum thickness shall not be less than .750 inches
c) Minimum thickness shall not be less than .625 inches
d) Minimum thickness shall not be less than .500 inches
Q41. Stiffening ring splice welds shall be located at least _____ from any
vertical shell weld.
a) 24 inches
b) 18 inches
c) 12 inches
d) 6 inches
API650: 5.9.3.4 Welds joining stiffening rings to the tank shell may cross
vertical tank seam welds. Any splice weld in the ring shall be located a
minimum of 150 mm (6 in.) from any vertical shell weld. Stiffening rings may
also cross vertical tank seam welds with the use of coping (rat hole) of the
stiffening ring at the vertical tank seam. Where the coping method is used, the
required section modulus of the stiffening ring and weld spacing must be
maintained.
Q42. When stiffening rings are to be used as walkways, what is the required
width of the stiffening ring?
a) The width shall be not less than 36 inches clear of the projecting curb
angle on the top of the tank shell
b) The width shall be not less than 3 feet 6 inches clear of the projecting curb
c) The width shall be not less than 24 inches clear of the projecting curb
d) The width shall be not less than 2 feet 4 inches clear of the projecting curb
Q43. How far below the top of the curb angle should a stiffening ring, that is to
be used as a walkway, be located?
a) 3 feet 6 inches b) 36 inches c) 6 feet 3 inches d) 63 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.9.4ANS: A
API650: 5.9.4 Stiffening Rings as Walkways A stiffening ring or any portion

of it that is specified as a walkway shall have a width not less than 710 mm
(28 in.) clear of projections including the angle on the top of the tank shell.
The clearance around local projections shall not be less than 610 mm (24 in.).
Unless the tank is covered with a fixed roof, the stiffening ring (used as a
walkway) shall be located 1100 mm (42 in.) below the top of the curb angle
and shall be provided with a standard railing on the unprotected side and at
the ends of the section used as a walkway.
Q44. All roofs and supporting structures shall be designed to support dead
loads plus a uniform live load of not less than _____ of projected area
a) 25 pounds per square inch
b) 25 pounds per square foot
c) 25 pounds per square yard
d) 25 pounds per square meter
Q45. What is the minimum nominal thickness permitted for roof plates?
a) 3/16 inch or 5.76 pounds per square foot
b) 3/16 inch or 6.75 pounds per square foot
c) 3/16 inch or 7.65 pounds per square foot
d) 3/16 inch or 12-gauge sheet
Q46. A roof where the continuous fillet weld between the roof plates and the
top angle does not exceed 3/16", the slope at the top angle attachment does
not exceed 2" in 12", and the shell-to-roof compression ring details are limited
to Figure F-2 (a)-(d) may be considered what type of roof?
a) A 1 in 6 roof
b) A dangerous roof design and should be avoided
c) A roof with inherent compensation
d) A frangible roof
Reference API-650, Paragraph 3.10.2.5.1 ANS: D
Q47. Rafters shall be spaced so that in the outer ring, their centers are not
more than _____ apart measured along the circumference of the tank.
a) 3 feet or 9.42 feet b) 2 feet or 6.28 feet
c) 4 feet or 12.56 feet d) 2.5 feet or 7.85 feet
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 3.10.4.4ANS: B
Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 3, Design
Section 4 Fabrication
Q1. What method(s) is/are permitted for straightening material?
a) Pressing or other non-injurious method prior to layout or shaping
b) Heating and hammering after layout or shaping
c) Jacking into shape after final assembly
d) Jacking into shape and holding with tack welds
Q2. When plates are to be butt-welded, shearing is limited to what maximum
thickness?
a) 5/8th inch
b) 3/8th inch (9.5mm)
c) 3/16th inch
d) Shearing is not permitted
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 4.1.2ANS: B
Q3. When plates are to be used in lap-welded joints, shearing is limited to

what maximum thickness
a) 3/16th inch b) 3/8th inch
c) 1/2 inch d) 5/8th inch (15mm)
Q4. What are the requirements regarding mill test reports according to API650?
a) No material shall be used in the construction of an AST unless it is
accompanied by a mill test report
b) Mill test reports are required only on shell plate material
c) Mill test reports shall be furnished to the purchaser only when specified in
the original purchase order
d) Mill test reports shall be furnished to the purchaser prior to final acceptance
of the AST
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 4.2.1ANS: C
Q5. Mill and shop inspection releases the manufacturer from responsibility for
replacing defective material.
a) True
b) False
Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 4, Fabrication
Day Break
Day Break
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/photo/2011-03/31/c_13807187_3.htm
Day Break
http://veryfatoldman.blogspot.com/2014/04/singapore-kopitiam-culture.html
Day Break
Day Break
http://mylovelybluesky.com/2014/03/kedai-kopi-chung-wah/
Day Break
Day Break
Section 5 Erection
Q1. What welding process is not permitted when impact testing of the
material is required?
a) Shielded metal-arc
b) Gas metal-arc
c) Oxyfuel
d) Submerged arc
Q2. Welding may be performed manually, automatically, or semiautomatically according to the procedures described in ____ of the ASME
Code.
a) Section VIII, Division 1
b) B31.3
c) Section VIII, Division 2
d) Section IX
Q3. No welding of any kind shall be performed when the temperature of the
base metal is less than ____F
a) Sixty b) Thirty-two c) Zero d) Negative fifteen
Q4. When base metal thickness is greater than 1.25 inches or the base metal
temperature is 0F -32F, what requirement must be met?
a) The base metal within 3 inches of the starting point of the welding shall be
heated to a temperature warm to the hand (140F)
b) The base metal within 3 inches of the starting point of the welding shall be
heated to a temperature of not less than 200F
c) The base metal within 3 inches of the starting point of the welding shall be
d) The base metal within 3 inches of the starting point of the welding shall be
API653: 10.4.2.3 No welding of any kind shall be performed when the

surfaces of the parts to be welded are wet from rain, snow, or ice; when rain
or snow is falling on such surfaces; or during periods of high winds unless the
welder and the work are properly shielded. No welding of any kind shall be
performed when the temperature of the base metal is less than 0 F. When
the temperature of the base metal is between 0 F and 32 F or the thickness
is in excess of 1 in., the base metal within 3 in. of the place where welding is
to be started shall be heated to a temperature warm to the hand
(approximately 140 F) before welding. (See 10.4.4.3 for preheat
requirements for shell plates over 1 in. thick.)
10.4.4.3 For horizontal and vertical joints in tank shell courses constructed of
material over 1 in. thick (based on the thickness of the thicker plate at the
joint), multi-pass weld procedures are required, with no pass more than 3/4-in.
thick permitted. A minimum preheat of 200 F is required of these welds.
Q5. What is the maximum acceptable undercut for horizontal butt joints?
a) 1/64th inch
b) 1/32nd inch
c) 3/64th inch
d) 3/32nd inch
Q6. What is the maximum acceptable undercut for vertical butt joints?
a) 3/32nd inch
b) 3/64th inch
c) 1/32nd inch
d) 1/64th inch
Q7. What is the maximum permissible weld reinforcement for a vertical joint in
plate thickness 1.25?
a) 3/16th inch b) 1/8th inch c) 1/4th inch d) 3/32nd inch
Q8. When tack welds are used during the assembly of vertical joints, what
requirement is stipulated by API-650?
a) Tack welds that are to be removed do not require a qualified procedure or
welder
b) Tack welds that are to be left in place shall be made using a qualified
procedure only
c) Tack welds that are to be removed may be made using a welder in training
d) Tack welds that are to be left in place shall be made using a qualified
procedure and welder
API650: 8.1.3.4 The finished surface of the weld reinforcement at the location
of the radiograph shall either be flush with the plate or have a reasonably
uniform crown not to exceed the following values:
API653: Table 10.1Maximum Thicknesses on New Welds
Q9. What is the requirement when protective coatings are used on surfaces
to be welded?
a) The coating must be removed prior to welding
b) The coating shall be included in the welders performance qualification
tests
c) The coating shall be included in the welding procedure qualification
d) The coating shall be identified on the purchase order
Q10. The welding of the ____ shall be practically complete prior to weldingout the bottom joints.
a) Nozzle reinforcement periphery welds
b) Shell-to-bottom weld
c) All vertical and horizontal shell welds
d) All external attachment welds
Q11. In a vertical joint of an AST, what is the maximum misalignment of 1.5

thick plate?
a) Maximum misalignment is .150 inch
b) Maximum misalignment is .145 inch
c) Maximum misalignment is .135 inch
d) Maximum misalignment is .125 inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.2.3.1 ANS: D (10% of 1.5 or 1/8, max)
Q12. In a horizontal joint of an AST, what is the maximum projection of an
upper plate beyond the face of the plate below it? The plate thickness is .25
inch.
a) Maximum projection is .0625 inch
b) Maximum projection is .0500 inch
c) Maximum projection is .1250 inch
d) Maximum projection is .09375 inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.2.3.2 ANS: A, for t<0.312, P=1/16=0.625
API653: 10.4.4 Shells

10.4.4.1 Plates to be joined by butt welding shall be matched accurately and
retained in position during welding. Misalignment in completed vertical joints
over 5/8-in. thick shall not exceed 10 % of the plate thickness, with a
maximum of 1/8 in. Misalignment in joints 5/8-in. thick or less shall not exceed
1/16 in. Vertical joints shall be completed before the lower horizontal weld is
made.
10.4.4.2 In completed horizontal butt joints, the upper plate shall not project
beyond the face of the lower plate at any point by more than 20 % of the
thickness of the upper plate, with a maximum projection of 1/8 in., except that
a projection of 1/16 in. is acceptable for upper plates less than 5/16-in. thick.
material over 1 1/2-in. thick (based on the thickness of the thicker plate at the
joint), multi-pass weld procedures are required, with no pass more than 3/4-in.
thick permitted. A minimum preheat of 200 F is required of these welds.
Q13. Multi-pass weld procedures are required for circumferential and vertical
joints in tank shell courses constructed of material that is more than 1.5
inches thick. What is the maximum weld pass size permitted and what is the
minimum pre-heat temperature?
a) No weld pass over inch with a minimum pre-heat of 300F
b) No weld pass over inch with a minimum pre-heat of 200F
c) No weld pass over inch with a minimum pre-heat of 200F
d) No weld pass over inch with a minimum pre-heat of 300F
material over 1 1/2-in. thick (based on the thickness of the thicker plate at the
joint), multi-pass weld procedures are required, with no pass more than
3/4-in. thick permitted. A minimum preheat of 200 F is required of these
welds.
Q14. The initial weld pass inside the shell of the shell-to-bottom weld shall be
cleaned and examined for its entire circumference. This examination shall be
visually and by which of the following?
a) Magnetic particle or ultrasonic or suitable liquid penetrant process
b) Magnetic particle or suitable liquid penetrant process or a vacuum box and
bubble method
c) Magnetic particle or radiography or vacuum box and bubble method
d) Magnetic particle or acoustic emission or eddy current
Q15. The required examination of the initial weld pass as described in API650 may be waived subject to agreement between the purchaser and the
AST manufacturer provided all but which of the following examinations are
performed on the entire circumference of the weld(s)
a) Examine either side of the finished weld by MT, PT, or right angle vacuum
box
b) Visually examine the initial weld (inside and outside)
c) Visually examine the finished joint welded surfaces (inside and outside the
shell)
d) Examine either side of the finished weld by MT, PT, UT, or RT
Q16. What are the dimensions of a standard vacuum testing box?

a) 6 wide by 30 long
b) 6 wide by 24 long
c) 6 wide by 36 long
d) 6 wide by 32 long
Q17. In an examination of a tanks bottom weld seams by vacuum box testing,
what is the required partial vacuum pressure?
a) At least 1 lbf/in2 gauge (psig)
b) At least 2 lbf/in2 gauge (psig)
c) At least 3 lbf/in2 gauge (psig)
d) At least 4 lbf/in2 gauge (psig)
Q18. If an alternative to vacuum box testing is used, whose approval is

required?
a) The Manufacturer
b) The API-653 Inspector
c) The local jurisdiction
d) The purchaser
Q19. After fabrication is completed but prior to filling an aboveground storage
tank with test water, reinforcing plates shall be tested. What method of test
and pressure shall be used?
a) A hydrostatic pressure test at up to 15 lbf/in2 (psig)
b) A pneumatic pressure test at up to 15 lbf/in2 (psig)
c) A vacuum test at a partial pressure of 2 lbf/in2 (psig)
d) A pneumatic pressure test at up to 25 lbf/in2 (psig)
Q20. A new aboveground storage tank must be tested. If water is available for
testing the shell, the tank shall be filled to any of the following levels except?
a) To the maximum design liquid level
b) Tanks with tight roofs, to 2 inches above the weld connecting the roof plate
of compression bar to the top angle of the shell
c) To overflowing to ensure all air is vented from the tank
d) To a level lower than specified in a) or b) when restricted by overflows or
freeboard agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser
API650: 7.3.5 Testing of the Shell After the entire tank and roof structure is
completed, the shell (except for the shell of tanks designed in accordance with
Annex F) shall be tested by one of the following methods, as specified on the Data
Sheet, Line 14. 1) If water is available for testing the shell, the tank shall be filled
with water as follows:
(1) to the maximum design liquid level, H;
(2) for a tank with a tight roof, to 50 mm (2 in.) above the weld connecting the roof
plate or compression bar to the top angle or shell;
(3) to a level lower than that specified in Sub-item 1 or 2 when restricted by overflows,
an internal floating roof, or other freeboard by agreement between the Purchaser
and the Manufacturer, or
(4) to a level of seawater producing a bottom of shell hoop stress equal to that
produced by a full-height fresh water test.
The tank shall be inspected frequently during the filling operation, and any welded
joints above the test-water level shall be examined in accordance with Item 2 below.
This test shall be conducted before permanent external piping is connected to the tank.
Attachments to the shell defined in 5.8.1.1, located at least 1 m (3 ft) above the water
level, and roof appurtenances may be welded during the filling of the tank. After
completion of the hydro-test, only non-structural small attachments may be welded to
the tank in accordance with 7.2.1.11.
Q21. The purchaser of an AST that is designed to be gas tight required the
roof to be tested pneumatically. What maximum pressure would be applied to
a tank with thick roof plates?
a) The maximum pneumatic pressure permitted is .053 psi
b) The maximum pneumatic pressure permitted is .071 psi
c) The maximum pneumatic pressure permitted is .083 psi
d) The maximum pneumatic pressure permitted is .091 psi
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.3.7.1 and 3.10.2.2
Solution: 3/16 thick plate = 7.65 lb/ft 1/16 = 2.55 lb/ft ANS: B
API650: 7.3.7 Testing of the Roof 7.3.7.1 Upon completion, the roof of a
tank designed to be gas-tight (except for roofs designed under 7.3.7.2, F.4.4,
and E.7.5) shall be tested by one of the following methods. a) Applying
internal air pressure not exceeding the weight of the roof plates and applying
to the weld joints a bubble solution or other material suitable for the detection
of leaks. b) Vacuum testing the weld joints in accordance with 8.6 to detect
any leaks. 7.3.7.2 Upon completion, the roof of a tank not designed to be gastight, such as a tank with peripheral circulation vents or a tank with free or
open vents, shall receive only visual examination of its weld joints, unless
otherwise specified by the Purchaser.
Q22. During the filling of an aboveground storage tank for testing, leakage
was observed in a horizontal seam. Repairs are to be completed with the test
water in the tank. The tank is 61 feet high and the leak is discovered 29 feet
below the top of the tank. Where must the water level be during the repair?
a) The water level shall be not less than 30 feet from the top of the tank
b) The water level shall be not more than 32 feet from the bottom of the tank
c) The water level shall be at the maximum design liquid level
d) The water shall be removed from the tank
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.4.4 ANS:A, 61-29=32, answer The water
level shall be more than 31 feet from the top of the tank
API650: 7.4.4 Repairs of defects discovered after the tank has been filled with water
for testing shall be made with the water level at least 0.3 m (1 ft) below any point being
repaired or, if repairs have to be made on or near the tank bottom, with the tank empty.
Welding shall not be done on any tank unless all connecting lines have been
completely blinded. Repairs shall not be attempted on a tank that is filled with oil or
that has contained oil until the tank has been emptied, cleaned, and gas freed.
Repairs on a tank that has contained oil shall not be attempted by the Manufacturer
unless the manner of repair has been approved in writing by the Purchaser and the
repairs are made in the presence of the Purchasers inspector.
Q23. A 60 foot high aboveground storage tank is designed with an internal

floating roof. What is the maximum out-of-plumbness permitted on the 54.5
foot fixed roof columns?
a) 2.94 inches
b) 3.27 inches
c) 1.31 inches
d) 1.18 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.5.2 ANS:B/ 57.5x12/200 = 3.27, smaller
than 5
Q24. What is the maximum roundness tolerance (radius tolerance) permitted
on an AST that is 110 feet in diameter and where is this tolerance applied?
a) measured 10 feet above the bottom corner weld
b) measured 1 foot below the top shell angle joint
c) measured 1 foot above the bottom corner weld
d) measured 10 feet below the top shell angle joint
7.5.2 Plumbness a) The maximum out-of-plumbness of the top of the shell

relative to the bottom of the shell shall not exceed 1/200 of the total tank
height. The out-of-plumbness in one shell course shall not exceed the
permissible variations for flatness and waviness as specified in ASTM
A6M/A6, ASTM A20M/A20, or ASTM A480M/A480, whichever is applicable. b)
The maximum out-of-plumbness of roof columns, guide poles, or other
vertical internal components shall not exceed 1/200 of the total height. The
1/200 criteria shall also apply to fixed roof columns. For tanks with internal
floating roofs, apply the criteria of this section or Annex H, whichever is more
stringent.
H.4.5 Roof Penetrations Columns, ladders, and other rigid vertical
appurtenances that penetrate the deck shall be provided with a seal that will
permit a local deviation of 125 mm (5 in.). Appurtenances shall be plumb
within a tolerance of 75 mm (3 in.).
7.5.3 Roundness Radii measured at 0.3 m (1 ft) above the bottom corner
weld shall not exceed the following tolerances:
Q25. Peaking at vertical welds and banding at horizontal welds shall not
exceed ____.
a) 1 inch b) inch c) inch d) inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.5.4 (a and b) ANS: C
Q26. Peaking and banding are determined using a horizontal sweep board for
peaking and a straight edge vertical sweep board for banding. What is the
required length of these
sweep boards?
a) 48 inches
b) 24 inches
c) 42 inches
d) 36 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 5.5.4 (a and b) ANS: D
API650: 7.5.4 Local Deviations Local deviations from the theoretical shape (for
example, weld discontinuities and flat spots) shall be limited as follows.
a) Deviations (peaking) at vertical weld joints shall not exceed 13 mm (1/2 in.).
Peaking at vertical weld joints shall be determined using a horizontal sweep board
900 mm (36 in.) long. The sweep board shall be made to the nominal radius of the
tank.
b) Deviations (banding) at horizontal weld joints shall not exceed 13 mm (1/2 in.).
Banding at horizontal weld joints shall be determined using a straight edge vertical
sweep board 900 mm (36 in.) long.
c) Flat spots measured in the vertical plane shall not exceed the appropriate plate
flatness and waviness requirements given in 7.5.2.
API563: 10.5.4 Peaking
With a horizontal sweep board 36-in. long, peaking shall not exceed 1/2 in. The sweep
board shall be made to the true outside radius of the tank.
API563: 10.5.5 Banding
With a vertical sweep board 36-in. long, banding shall not exceed 1 in.
Horizontal Peaking Board, peaking of vertical weld.

Vertical Banding Board, banding of horizontal weld.
http://www.naehss.org/PastSchools/2011/LargeTankStorageIntegrity.pdf
Q27. The top of the concrete ringwall (where installed) of an AST must be
level within 1/8 in any 30 feet of circumference. What is the total
circumferential tolerance measured from the average elevation?
a) 1/8 b) 3/16 c) 1/2 d) 1/4
Reference API-650, Paragraph 5.5.5.2 (a) ANS: D
Q28. Where a concrete ringwall is not provided, the foundation under the
shell shall be level to within what tolerances?
a) 1/8 in any 30 of the circumference and 1/2 in the total circumference
measured from the average elevation
b) 1/8 in any 10 of the circumference and 1/2 in the total circumference
c) 1/8 in any 10 of the circumference and 1/4 in the total circumference
d) 1/8 in any 30 of the circumference and 1/4 in the total circumference
Reference API-650, Paragraph 5.5.5.2 (b) ANS: B
Q29. For foundations specified to be sloped from a horizontal plane, the

actual elevation shall not deviate from the calculated differences by more than
which of the following where concrete ringwalls are provided?
Reference API-650, Paragraph 5.5.5.3 (a) ANS: D
Q30. For foundations specified to be sloped from a horizontal plane, the

actual elevation shall not deviate from the calculated differences by more
than which of the following where concrete ringwalls are not provided?
Reference API-650, Paragraph 5.5.5.3 (b) ANS: B
Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 5, Erection
Section 6 Methods of inspecting Joints

Q1. With regards to radiographic examination of welded joints, API-650
considers plates to be the same thickness when the difference in their
specified or design thickness is not greater than ____.
a) 1/32nd inch
b) 1/16th inch
c) 3/32nd inch
d) 1/8th inch
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1 ANS: D
API650: 8.1 Radiographic Method
For the purposes of this paragraph, plates shall be considered of the same
thickness when the difference in their specified or design thickness does not
exceed 3 mm (1/8 in.).
Q2. Which of the following joints do not require radiographic examination?

a) Bottom-plate welds
b) Shell butt welds
c) Flush-type connections with butt welds
d) Annular-plate butt welds
Q3. Vertical butt welds in plates not greater than 3/8th inch thick, require one
spot radiograph to be taken in the first _____ of completed vertical joint of
each type and thickness by each welder or welding operator.
a) 100 feet
b) 50 feet
c) 25 feet
d) 10 feet
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(a) ANS: D
Q4. One additional spot radiograph shall be taken in each additional ____ of
vertical joint of
the same type and thickness.
a) 10 feet
b) 200 feet
c) 100 feet
d) 25 feet
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(a) ANS: C
Q5. What percentage of the selected spot radiographs must be at junctions of
vertical and horizontal welded joints?
a) 25 percent
b) 50 percent
c) 75 percent
d) 15 percent
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(a) ANS: A
Q6. For butt welded joints in plates over 3/8 to not over 1 in thickness are
required to be radiographically examined to the same extent as plates 3/8
and less. What additional spot examination does API-650 require for these
welded joints?
a) 50 percent of all vertical and horizontal junctions
b) 75 percent of all vertical and horizontal junctions
c) 100 percent of all vertical and horizontal junctions
d) 25 percent of all horizontal joints between the first and second course
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(b) ANS: C
Q7. The radiographic film for all junctions of vertical and horizontal joints shall
show at least ____ of weld length on each side of the vertical intersection.
a) 3 inches
b) 2 inches
c) 1 inch
d) 4 inches
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(b) and (c) ANS: B
API650: 8.1.2.2
b) For butt-welded joints in which the thinner shell plate is greater than 10 mm
(3/8 in.) but less than or equal to 25 mm (1 in.) in thickness, spot radiographs
shall be taken according to Item a. In addition, all junctions of vertical and
horizontal joints in plates in this thickness range shall be radiographed; each
film shall clearly show not less than 75 mm (3 in.) of vertical weld and 50 mm
(2 in.) of weld length on each side of the vertical intersection. In the lowest
course, two spot radiographs shall be taken in each vertical joint: one of the
radiographs shall be as close to the bottom as is practicable, and the other
shall be taken at random (see the center panel of Figure 8.1).
Q8. The butt weld around the periphery of an insert manhole or nozzle shall
be ____.
a) Completely examined by liquid penetrant methods
b) Completely examined by ultrasonic methods
c) Completely examined by magnetic particle methods
d) Completely examined by radiographic methods
Reference: API-650, Paragraph 6.1.2.2(d) ANS: D
Q9. After the initial spot radiograph in the first 10 feet of horizontal butt joint,
additional spot radiographs shall be taken at what increment?
a) One radiograph shall be taken in each additional 200 feet
b) One radiograph shall be taken in each additional 100 feet
c) One radiograph shall be taken in each additional 300 feet
d) One radiograph shall be taken in each additional 150 feet
Q10. What is the minimum weld length that must be clearly shown on each
radiograph?
a) 2 inches
b) 3 inches
c) 6 inches
d) 8 inches
Q11. Personnel who perform and evaluate radiographic examinations
according to API-650 shall be qualified and certified by the manufacturer as
meeting the requirements as generally outlined in _____.
a) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNAT-TC-1B
b) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNT-TC-1B
c) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNAT-TC-1A
d) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNT-TC-1A
Q12. The acceptance standards for radiographic examinations shall be in

accordance with which of the following?
a) Paragraph UW-51(b) in Section VIII of the ASME Code
b) Paragraph PW-51(b) in Section I of the ASME Code
c) Paragraph 341.3.2 in B31.3 Process Piping of the ASME Code
d) Paragraph RB-3233 in the National Board Inspection Code (NBIC)
Q13. If a section of weld is shown by a radiograph to be unacceptable under the
provisions of API-650, paragraph 6.1.5 or the radiograph does not define the
limits of the deficient welding, which of the following requirements apply?
a) One additional spot shall be taken and at least 3 of weld shall be represented
b) Two spots adjacent to the section shall be examined by radiography
c) Two spots ten feet from each side of the original radiography shall be
examined
d) Two spots, chosen randomly by the purchasers inspector, shall be examined
by radiography
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.1.6 ANS: B
API650: 8.1.6 Determination of Limits of Defective Welding When a

section of weld is shown by a radiograph to be unacceptable under the
provisions of 8.1.5 or the limits of the deficient welding are not defined by the
radiograph, two spots adjacent to the section shall be examined by
radiography; however, if the original radiograph shows at least 75 mm (3 in.)
of acceptable weld between the defect and any one edge of the film, an
additional radiograph need not be taken of the weld on that side of the defect.
Q14. After an aboveground storage tank is completed, what shall be done

with the radiographs?
a) They shall become the property of the insurance company
b) They shall become the property of the manufacturer
c) They shall become the property of the purchaser
d) They shall become the property of the API
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.1.8.2 ANS: C
Q15. According to API-650, magnetic particle examination shall be performed
to a written procedure. The examiner shall have his/her vision checked and
be able to read which of the following?
a) The magnetic particle written procedure at a distance not less than 12
inches
b) A Jaeger Type 3 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
c) A Jaeger Type 1 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
d) A Jaeger Type 2 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.2.2 and 6.2.3 (a) ANS: D
Q16. Ultrasonic examination shall be performed in accordance with a written

procedure. Examiners shall be qualified and certified by the manufacturer as
meeting the requirements of certification as generally outlined in which of the
following?
a) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNAT-TC-1B
b) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNT-TC-1B
c) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNAT-TC-1A
d) Level II or Level III of ASNT SNT-TC-1A
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.3.2 and 6.3.3 ANS: D
Q17. Liquid penetrant examination shall be performed in accordance with a

written procedure. The examiner shall have his/her vision checked and be
able to read which of the following?
a) The liquid penetrant written procedure at a distance not less than 12 inches
b) A Jaeger Type 2 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
c) A Jaeger Type 1 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
d) A Jaeger Type 3 standard chart at a distance not less than 12 inches
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.4.2 and 6.4.3 (a) ANS: B
Q18. Undercutting of welds attaching nozzles, manholes, cleanout openings,

and permanent attachments shall not exceed which of the following?
a) Undercutting shall not exceed 1/64th inch
b) Undercutting shall not exceed 3/32nd inch
c) Undercutting shall not exceed 1/32nd inch
d) Undercutting shall not exceed 3/64th inch
Reference API-650, Paragraph 6.5.1 (b) ANS: A
Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 6, Methods of Inspecting Joints
Section 7 Welding Procedure and Welder Qualifications

Q1. Who is responsible for preparing the welding procedure specification,
performing the qualification tests, and preparing the procedure qualification
record?
a) The welding operator or welder
b) The purchasers inspector
c) The purchasers welding engineer
d) The erection manufacturer or the fabrication manufacturer if other than the
erection manufacturer
Reference API-650, Paragraph 7.2.1.1 ANS: D
Q2. The manufacturer has the approval of the purchaser to use a material
listed in API-650 but not included in the applicable table of ASME Section IX.
What Group number would this material be included in if the minimum tensile
strength is specified at 73,000 psi?
a) This material would be included in Group number 2
b) This material would be included in Group number 1
c) This material would be included in Group number 3
d) This material can not be used in AST construction
Reference API-650, Paragraph 7.2.1.3 ANS: A
API650: 9.2.1.3 Material specifications listed in Section 4 of this standard but

not included in Table QW-422 of Section IX of the ASME Code shall be
considered as P-No. 1 material with group numbers assigned as follows
according to the minimum tensile strength specified:
a) less than 485 MPa (70 ksi)Group 1;
b) equal to or greater than 485 MPa (70 ksi) but less than 550 MPa (80 ksi)
Group 2;
c) equal to or greater than 550 MPa (80 ksi)Group 3.
Separate welding procedures and performance qualifications shall be
conducted for A841M/A841 material.
Q3. When impact tests of the heat-affected zone are required, how shall this
requirement be treated?
a) Heat treated condition of the base metal shall be a non-essential variable
b) Heat treated condition of the base metal shall be an essential variable
c) Heat treated condition of the base metal shall be a supplementary essential
variable
d) Heat treated condition of the base metal does not need to be addressed on
the welding procedure specification
Reference API-650, Paragraph 7.2.1.4ANS: C
Q4. If a protective coating has been applied to weld edge preparations, how is
this condition treated on the welding procedure specification?
a) The coating shall be removed and does not affect the weld and therefore
does not need to be addressed
b) The coating shall be included as an essential variable
c) The coating shall be included as a non-essential variable
d) The coating shall be included as a supplementary essential variable
Reference API-650, Paragraph 7.2.1.4 ANS: B
Q5. Materials to be used at a design metal temperature below ____, the

qualification of the welding procedure for vertical joints shall include impact
tests of the weld metal.
a) 50F (10C)
b) 32F
c) 60F
d) 0F
Reference API-650, Paragraph 7.2.2.3 ANS: A
Q6. Welder qualification tests conducted by one manufacturer shall not
qualify a welder or welding operator to do work for another manufacturer.
a) True
b) False
Reference API-650, Paragraph 7.3.1 ANS: A
API650: 9.2.2.3 For all materials to be used at a design metal temperature

below 10C (50F), the qualification of the welding procedure for vertical joints
shall include impact tests of the weld metal. If vertical joints are to be made by
a machine, automatic, or semiautomatic process, impact tests of the heataffected zone shall also be made.
Q7. Traceability to a welder or welding operator, either by welders

identification stamp or weld map, is required on all but which of the following?
a) Shell horizontal weld joints
b) Shell vertical weld joints
c) Annular plate butt welds (when annular plates are required)
d) Roof plate welds and flange-to-nozzle neck welds
Reference API-650, Paragraph 7.4 ANS: D
Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 7, Welding Procedure and Welder

Qualifications
Break of the day
Break of the day
Break of the day
Break of the day
Break of the day
http://fatboo.com/2011/01/braddell-roti-prata.html
Section 8 - Marking
Q1. A nameplate shall identify aboveground storage tanks made in
accordance with API-650. Where must this nameplate be located on the
completed tank?
a) This nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to a manhole
or to a manhole reinforcing plate immediately to the right of the manhole
b) This nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to a vertical
weld joint at least 48 above the shell-to-bottom weld joint
c) This nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to a manhole
or to a manhole reinforcing plate immediately above the manhole
d) This nameplate shall be attached to the tank shell adjacent to a manhole
or to a manhole reinforcing plate immediately below the manhole
Reference API-650, Paragraph 8.1.2 ANS: C
Q2. The manufacturer of an AST is required to certify to the purchaser that

the tank has been constructed in accordance with API-650. How is this
certification accomplished?
a) The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with a U-1 Data Report form
b) The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with letter
c) The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with an ASME acceptable
Certificate of Compliance
d) The manufacturer shall provide the purchaser with a notarized certificate of
compliance
Reference API-650, Paragraph 8.3 ANS: B
API650: 10.3 Certification The Manufacturer shall certify to the Purchaser, by a letter
such as that shown in Figure 10.2, that the tank has been constructed in accordance
with the applicable requirements of this standard. An as-built data sheet in accordance
with Annex L shall be attached to the certification letter. NOTE At the Purchasers
request or at the erection Manufacturers discretion, additional pertinent information
may be shown on the nameplate, and the size of the nameplate may be increased
proportionately.
Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 8, Marking
Appendix A Optional Design Basis for Small Tanks

Q1. What is the maximum shell thickness including corrosion allowance
permitted for tanks that comply Appendix A of API-650?
a) 7/8th inch b) 3/4th inch
c) 5/8th inch d) 1/2 inch
Reference API-650, Paragraph A.2.1ANS: D
Q2. What is the maximum tensile strength, before the joint efficiency is
applied, permitted in the design of small tanks in accordance with Appendix A
of API-650?
a) 21000 psi
b) 21500 psi
c) 21000 ksi
d) 21500 ksi
Reference API-650, Paragraph A.3.1 ANS:A
Q3. When computing the tension in each ring (course) of a small tank
designed in accordance with Appendix A of API-650, where is this tension
computed?
a) The tension shall be computed 12 inches above the centerline of the
course in question
b) The tension shall be computed 12 inches above the centerline of the lower
horizontal joint of the course in question
c) The tension shall be computed 12 inches above the centerline of the tank
in question
d) The tension shall be computed 12 inches below the centerline of the upper
horizontal joint of the course in question
Reference API-650, Paragraph A.3.3 ANS: B
Q4. What joint efficiency factor shall be used in the design of small tanks
designed in accordance with Appendix A of API-650 when spot
radiographic examination is applied?
a) 1.00 b) 0.90 c) 0.85 d) 0.70
Reference API-650, Paragraph A.3.4 ANS: C
5. What joint efficiency factor shall be used in the design of small tanks
designed in accordance with Appendix A of API-650 when spot radiographic
examination is omitted?
a) 1.00
b) 0.90
c) 0.85
d) 0.70
Reference API-650, Paragraph A.3.4 ANS: D
Answers to API-Standard 650

Appendix A - Optional Design Basis for Small Tanks
API 651- CATHODIC PROTECTION QUESTIONS

Section 4 - Corrosion of Above Ground Steel Storage Tanks
Q1. According to API Recommended Practice - 651, there are four
components in each corrosion cell. Theses components are an anode and all
but which of the following?
a) DC current supplied by batteries
b) A cathode
c) A metallic path connecting the anode and cathode
d) An electrolyte
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.1 ANS: A
Q2. The base metal goes into solution (corrodes) by releasing electrons and
forming positive metal ions. This statement describes what takes place at
what component of a corrosion cell?
a) The cathode
b) The electrolyte
c) The metallic connection between the cathode and the anode
d) The anode
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.1(a) ANS: D
Q3. Which of the following is the most correct statement regarding the
cathode?
a) Moderate corrosion takes place at the cathode
b) No corrosion takes place at the cathode
c) All corrosion takes place at the cathode
d) A chemical reaction takes place using electrons released at the electrolyte
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.1(b) ANS: B
Q4. The electrolyte contains ions and conducts positive current from the
anode to the cathode. The most common electrolyte for external tank bottom
surfaces is ____, while the most common for internal surfaces is ____.
a) Water, sludge and moist soil
b) Moist soil, water and sludge
c) Acidic soil, water and sludge
d) Moist soil, product and sludge
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.1(d) ANS: B
Q5. The two most common types of corrosion to tank bottoms are ______
and ______.
a) Stress corrosion and galvanic
b) Erosion and erosion/corrosion
c) General and pitting
d) Stray current and bimetallic
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.2 ANS: C
Q6. Which type of corrosion results in relatively uniform metal loss?

a) Erosion and erosion/corrosion
b) Stray current
c) General
d) Pitting
Q7. Which type of corrosion may only affect relatively small areas, while
substantial areas of the surface are unaffected by corrosion?
a) Galvanic
b) General
c) Brittle
d) Pitting
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.2 ANS: D
Q8. Composition of the metal is a factor in determining which areas become

anodes and which become cathodes. What else can cause corrosion?
a) Differences between weld metal, heat affected zone, and parent metal
b) Differences in thickness between adjacent plates
c) Improper fit-up of the welded joint
d) Slag inclusion in the weld metal
Q9. Which of the following is a correct statement regarding oxygen

concentration of the electrolyte.
a) Oxygen concentration in the electrolyte has no impact on the corrosion cell
b) Areas of lower oxygen concentrations become anodic and areas of higher
concentrations become cathodic.
c) Areas of lower oxygen concentrations become cathodic and areas of
higher concentrations become anodic
d) Areas of lower oxygen concentrations become acidic and areas of higher
concentrations become alkaline
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.1.4 ANS: B
http://www2.ucdsb.on.ca/tiss/stretton/chem2/corrosion.html
Oxygen Concentration Corrosion

2H2O 2OH- + 2H+
Fe Fe2+ + 2eFe 2+ + 2OH- Fe(OH)2
2e- + 2H+ + O2 H2O
http://alchetron.com/RUSTING-OF-IRON-2146-W
Oxygen Concentration Corrosion

2H2O 2OH- + 2H+
Fe Fe2+ + 2eFe 2+ + 2OH- Fe(OH)2
2e- + 2H+ + O2 H2O
2OH2H+
2e-
http://alchetron.com/RUSTING-OF-IRON-2146-W
http://imgarcade.com/1/shame-on-you-obama/
Q10. Soil characteristics substantially affect what?

a) What type of product may be stored in the tank
b) What the maximum fill height of the tank is
c) The type and rate of corrosion on a structure in contact with soil
d) Perk rate for dissipation of small leaks from the tank bottom
Q11. What is another term used for "stray currents"?
a) Short circuits
b) Positive currents
c) Impressed currents
d) Interference currents
Q12. The most common and potentially the most damaging stray currents are:
a) Direct currents
b) Alternating currents
c) Intermittent currents
d) Close proximity alternating currents
Q13. Which of the following is not likely to be a source of stray currents?
a) Static electricity
b) Welding machines
c) Impressed current cathodic protection systems
d) Railroads
Q14. Two metals with different compositions connected in an electrolyte is a

general description of:
a) A battery
b) A current suppressor
c) A short circuit
d) Galvanic corrosion
Q15. All but one of the following is listed as major factors which influence the
severity of internal corrosion. Which is not a factor?
a) The pH level of the fluid in contact with the steel bottom
b) The amount of nitrogen in the fluid in contact with the steel bottom
c) Suspended solids in the fluid in contact with the steel bottom
d) Conductivity of the fluid in contact with the steel bottom
Reference: API-651 Paragraph 4.2.3 ANS: B
Q16. Three major types of internal corrosion to be considered are general

corrosion, pitting corrosion, and to a lesser extent in tanks, environmental
cracking.
a) True
b) False
Answers to API-651 Section 4, corrosion of Aboveground Steel Storage

Tanks
Section 5 - Determination of Need for Cathodic Protection

Q1. API Recommended Practice 651 states that the need for cathodic
protection must be determined for all storage facilities. Decisions governing
the need for cathodic protection should be based on all but which of the
following?
a) Data from corrosion surveys and operating records
b) National Board and ASME recommendations
c) Prior test results with similar systems in similar environments
d) National, state, and local code requirements and the recommendations in
API-651
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.1 ANS: B
Q2. When should corrosion control by cathodic protection for new ASTs be
provided?
a) After final welding and before hydrostatic testing
b) After all stress relief has been carried out
c) In the initial design
d) After the tank is in service for 6 months
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.1.1ANS: C
Q3. Generally tanks in petroleum service use ______ on the internal surfaces
to control internal corrosion.
a) AC Current instead of DC current cathodic protection systems
b) Coatings
c) Cathodic protection in conjunction with coatings
d) Since pure hydrocarbon fluids are usually not corrosive experience shows
that internal corrosion will never occur therefore, corrosion control is not
necessary
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.1.3 ANS: B
Q4. Cathodic protection is an effective means of corrosion control only if it is

possible to pass electrical current between what two components?
a) Anode and cathode
b) Tank shell and roof support system
c) Roof to bottom through roof support structures
d) Tank shell and tank bottom
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.1.4ANS: A
Q5. A full evaluation of tank history should be performed prior to _______.
a) Filling the tank for the 25th time
b) Painting the exterior surface of the tank
c) Temporarily removing the tank from service
d) Determining the need for cathodic protection
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.2.1 ANS: D
Q6. Such items as site plan, soil properties, previous repairs, existing
cathodic protection of nearby structures, maintenance history, and expected
life should be investigated and determined when conducting the
____________.
a) Evaluation of the location of a refinery
b) Probability study of tank settlement
c) Evaluation of tank design/construction history
d) Evaluation of tank repairs and alterations
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.2.1.1ANS: C
Q7. Of the following items which is not an item that should be investigated
and determined in the evaluation of types of service?
a) Type of product stored
b) Product temperature
c) Ambient temperature
d) Presence and depth f water bottoms
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.2.1.2 ANS: C
Q8. Such items as tank inspections per API Standard 653, corrosion rate
records, stray current problems, design and performance of previous
protection systems, and structure-to-soil potential surveys should be
investigated and determined when conducting the ______.
a) Evaluation of tank repair/alteration/construction history
b) Evaluation of tank design/construction history
c) Evaluation of types of service
d) Evaluation of inspection/corrosion history
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.2.1.3ANS: D
Q9. The cushion material under the tank has a significant effect on external
corrosion of the tank bottom. The material can also influence:
a) The effectiveness and applicability of external cathodic protection
b) The effectiveness and applicability of internal cathodic protection
c) The decision to use or not use a rectifier or DC generator set to supply
current
d) The type of product that may be stored in the tank
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.1.1 ANS: A
Q10. What is an advantage of using fine particles for the cushion material?
a) The fine particles should be uniform which makes it easier to transport
b) Fine particles provide a more dense cushion to help reduce the influx and
outflow of oxygen
c) Fine particles will not permit the passage of product should a leak occur in
the tank bottom
d) Fine particles will hold moisture longer permitting it to stabilize and prevent
acid from forming in the electrolyte
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.1.1 ANS: B
Q11. What is the main disadvantage in using large size particles in the soil
cushion material?
a) The large particles may puncture the tank bottom
b) The large particles may trap moisture and allow general corrosion to form
c) If large particles are used, differential aeration corrosion may result where
the particles contact the tank bottom
d) The large particles are more difficult to transport
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.1.1ANS: C
Q12. A soil resistivity of about 1250 OHM-CM would indicate the soil is
probably ____.
a) Mildly corrosive 2000-10000
b) Very corrosive <500
c) Corrosive 500-1000
d) Moderately corrosive 1000-2000
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.1.2ANS:D, >10000 less corrosive
Q13. The results of soil resistivity surveys can be used to determine
________.
a) When it is time to replace the cushion material under the tank bottom
b) The need for cathodic protection
c) The amount of compression of the cushion material under the tank
d) The best place to install a corrosion test bed
Table 1General Classification of Resistivity
Q14. A properly designed concrete tank cushion constructed on stable,

properly prepared subsoil may be effective in all but which of the following?
a) Cracks in the tank bottom weld seams
b) Intrusion of groundwater
c) Soil-side corrosion
d) The need for cathodic protection
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.2.1ANS: A
Q15. Cracks through the concrete cushion may permit water and
contaminants to permeate to the steel tank bottom and provide a path for
proper electrical current flow.
a) True
b) False
Q16. Corrosion of the steel tank bottom installed on a concrete cushion may
result from moisture accumulation caused by all but which of the following?
a) Condensation
b) Blowing snow or rain
c) Humidity in the air surrounding the tank
d) Flooding
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.2.2 ANS: C
Q17. Why would it be more important to provide proper support under

cushions of new asphalt than for concrete?
a) Asphalt is inherently alkaline and therefore does not have the potential of
preventing corrosion
b) Asphalt is not inherently alkaline and therefore does not have the potential
of preventing corrosion
c) Asphalt may degrade and become a corrosive substance
d) Asphalt may crack allowing moisture to reach the tank bottom where it will
react violently with the asphalt and the steel tank bottom
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.3.1ANS: B
API651: 5.3.6 Continuous Asphalt Pad

A pad of new asphalt may provide many of the same advantages and
disadvantages as a concrete pad for reducing corrosion and eliminating the
need for cathodic protection. Proper support to prevent cracks and to prevent
accumulation of water between the pad and the tank bottom is an important
consideration. Asphalt degrades with time and can provide a path for water
and dissolved contaminants to come into contact with the steel tank bottom,
allowing corrosion to occur. Cathodic protection, if applied, may or may not
aid in stopping corrosion when the asphalt becomes deteriorated. In fact,
deteriorated asphalt may shield cathodic protection current in a manner
similar to a disbonded coating on a pipeline. The condition of the external
surface of the tank bottom as well as the asphalt can be determined if
coupons are cut from the tank bottom. For new tank construction, use of
asphalt pads is discouraged.
API651: 5.3.4 Crushed Limestone or Clam Shell Pad

In certain locations, the tank pad could consist of a layer of crushed limestone
or clam shells. Such tank pads without the use of cathodic protection have
produced mixed results. The tank pad should be fine and uniform, since
differential aeration corrosion cells will cause pitting at contact areas between
the large particles and the metal. The intrusion of water from rain or
groundwater makes the environment under the tank alkaline, which may
reduce corrosion. If contaminants are present in the pad, or with time infiltrate
the pad, corrosion may accelerate. Thus, the use of crushed limestone or
clam shells does not clearly eliminate the need for cathodic protection.
Q18. How can the condition of the external surface of tank bottom and the
asphalt cushion be determined?
a) Raise the entire tank and inspect the tank bottom and the asphalt
b) Take a core sample from the asphalt for testing. This test will reveal the
amount of steel that has gone into solution and been trapped in the asphalt
c) Conduct a soil resistivity survey around the periphery of the tank
containment
d) By cutting coupons from the tank bottom
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.3.2 ANS: D
Q19. A soil analysis reveals the pH of a native soil cushion to be 6.25. This
soil is considered to be:
a) Moderately corrosive
b) Mildly corrosive (the least of the multiple choice)
c) Corrosive
d) Very corrosive
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.4.1 and Table 2 ANS: B
API651: 5.3.2.1 Sand Pad Material

The following are issues to sand pad material.
g) Measuring pH indicates the hydrogen ion content of a soil.
Corrosion of steel is fairly independent of pH when it is in the range of 5.0
to 8.0.
The rate of corrosion increases appreciably when pH is < 5.0 and
decreases when pH is > 8.0.
pH may be determined in accordance with ASTM G51 or equivalent.
Q20. A soil analysis reveals the sulfates level of a native soil cushion to be
5525ppm. This soil is considered to be
a) Moderately corrosive
b) Mildly corrosive
c) Corrosive
d) Very corrosive
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.4.1 and Table 2ANS: D
Q21. What is the most common material used as a cushion beneath storage
tank bottoms?
a) Clean concrete
b) Clean sand
c) Clean Asphalt
d) Clean modified aggregate
Q22. The use of oiled sand beneath tank bottoms does not eliminate the need
for cathodic protection and in fact may cause cathodic protection to be less
effective because:
a) The oiled sand has higher resistivity (outcome)
b) The sand is unable to conduct electrical current
c) The oil acts as an insulator and blocks all current flow (root cause)
d) The oil creates a vapor bearer entrapping water and contaminants next to
the tank bottom
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.5 ANS: A
5.3.5 Oiled Sand Pad
Historically, in some cases oil has been added to the sand for
various reasons, including compaction and corrosion control.
However, if cathodic protection is applied, the higher resistivity
of oiled sand may prevent it from being effective. For new tank
construction, use of oiled sand is discouraged.
Q23. There are several ways the tank cushion can become contaminated.
Three of the following are methods of cushion contamination, which one is
not?
a) In coastal areas salt spay may be washed down the side of the tank
b) Fertilizer from spraying operations in rural areas
c) Airborne chemicals from industrial operations
d) Residual build-up of electrons in the sand cushion
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.6.1 ANS: D
Q24. Leakage of product from the tank bottom can cause accelerated
corrosion by creating ____.
a) Stray current corrosion
b) Corrosion cells where none existed before
c) More positively charged electrons
d) A film that would block electrical current flow
Q25. When a layer of crushed-limestone or clam-shell is used for the tank
cushion, why is it important to ensure the particles are fine and uniform?
a) Large particles could puncture the tank bottom
b) Differential aeration corrosion cells will cause pitting at contact areas
between the large particles and the metal
c) Large particles may allow the formation of dissolved gas pockets which
could become a hazard if hot tap work is performed on the tank bottom
d) Large particle will eventually fracture and create voids in the tank cushion
Q26. What is an advantage of using crushed-limestone or clam-shell under tank

bottoms?
a) This material is plentiful and relatively inexpensive
b) Contamination is easier to detect because of discoloration
c) Water from rain or groundwater makes the environment under the tank alkaline,
which may reduce corrosion
d) The use of this material eliminates the need for cathodic protection
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.3.7 ANS: C
Q27. Heated tanks or tanks storing hot product can cause:
a) Increased water intrusion due to causing snow to melt and run down the tank
sides
b) Excessive drying out of concrete foundations resulting in premature
deterioration and failure
c) Accelerated corrosion on the internal surface especially in tanks with water
bottoms
d) Accelerated corrosion on the external surface due to elevated temperature is
the area is wet
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.4.1 ANS: D
API651: 5.4 Other Factors Affecting Cathodic Protection

5.4.1 Contents of Tank
Aboveground storage tank temperature can influence corrosion on tank bottoms.
Accelerated corrosion can occur on the external surface of the bottom of heated
tanks due to elevated temperatures if the area is wet.
NOTE The corrosion rate of steel may double with every 18 F (10 C) increase
in temperature above 77 F (25 C).
Aboveground storage tanks containing products above ambient temperature may
require an increase in cathodic protection design current density to achieve
adequate protection on the external surface of the bottom. Conversely, sufficient
heat could dry out a well-drained tank pad, thus, increasing its resistivity and
reducing performance of cathodic protection. However, tank operators should be
aware that if water penetrates the previously dried out tank pad (such as: flooding,
condensation, blowing rain or snow, poor drainage, rooftop water), the resistivity
of the tank pad can decrease, developing a more corrosive condition. For this
situation, the installation of a cathodic protection system should be installed.
Q29. During the installation of a new steel bottom over an existing steel bottom,
which has been repaired, if water or other electrolyte intrudes into the annulus,
what can happen?
a) A galvanic cell may form which will cause the new steel tank bottom to
corrode at an accelerated rate
b) An electrochemical reaction may take place creating hazardous gasses
c) A galvanic cell may form which will cause the old tank bottom to corrode at an
accelerated rate
d) A galvanic cell may form which will turn the old tank bottom into an anode
Reference: API RP 651, Paragraph 5.4.3.2 ANS: A
Q30. With the installation of _____ in a diked area prior to new tank construction,
most cathodic protection systems are rendered ineffective.
a) A secondary containment system utilizing a perforated impervious membrane
b) A secondary containment system utilizing an impervious membrane
c) A secondary containment system utilizing a metallic impregnated screen
membrane
d) A secondary containment system utilizing a non-impervious membrane
Answers to API-651 Section 5, Determination of Need for Cathodic

Protection
Section 6- Methods of Cathodic Protection for Corrosion

Control
Q1. What is the basic principle that makes cathodic protection effective.
a) Cathodic protection is a technique for preventing corrosion by making the
entire surface of the metal to be protected act as the rectifier
b) Cathodic protection is a technique for preventing corrosion by making the
entire surface of the metal to be protected act as the corrosion cell
c) Cathodic protection is a technique for preventing corrosion by making the
entire surface of the metal to be protected act as the cathode
d) Cathodic protection is a technique for preventing corrosion by making the
entire surface of the metal to be protected act as the anode
Reference: API-651, Paragraph 6.1 ANS: C
Q2. What are the two systems of cathodic protection?

a) Galvanic and repressed current
b) Galvanic and impressed current
c) Galvanic and reversed current
d) Galvanic and induced current
Reference: API-651, Paragraph 6.1 ANS: B
Q3. Galvanic cathodic protection systems use a metal, that is more active
than the structure to be protected, to supply the current required to stop
corrosion. What is another term(s) used to describe this material?
a) Anode, commonly referred to as a galvanic or sacrificial anode
b) Cathode, commonly referred to as a galvanic or sacrificial cathode
c) Ribbon cathode, commonly referred to as a sacrificial ribbon cathode
d) Impressed current anode, commonly referred to as the impressed anode
Q4. Where on the galvanic series is clean and shiny mild steel?
a) Clean and shiny mild steel has a value of 1.1 volts
b) Clean and shiny mild steel has a value of 1.0 volts
c) Clean and shiny mild steel has a value of 0.8 volts
d) Clean and shiny mild steel has a value of 0.5 to -0.8 volts (v.s CSE)
Reference: API-651, Paragraph 6.2.1 and Table 3 ANS:D
Q5. The most common metals used as galvanic anodes in soil are:
a) Lead and copper
b) Aluminum alloy (5% zinc) and Mild steel (clean and shiny)
c) Magnesium and zinc
d) Mild steel in concrete and cast iron
Q6. Of the following, which is not an advantage of galvanic cathodic

protection systems?
a) No external power is needed
b) Capital investment is low for small-diameter tanks
c) Method is limited to use in low-resistivity soils
d) Interference problems (stray currents) are rare
Q7. Impressed current cathodic protection systems use:
a) Alternating current
b) Direct current usually provided by a rectifier
c) Direct current usually provided by a dry cell battery
d) Either direct current or alternating current depending upon which is
available
Q8. Of the following, which is not a disadvantage of impressed current

cathodic protection systems?
a) High current output
b) High maintenance costs
c) High operating costs
d) High capital cost for small installations
Q9. A cathodic protection rectifier has two major components; what are they?
a) A step-down transformer to reduce the AC supply voltage and rectifying
elements to convert DC to AC output
b) A step-down transformer to reduce the AC supply voltage and rectifying
elements to convert AC to DC output
c) A step-down transformer to reduce the DC supply voltage and rectifying
elements to convert DC to AC output
d) A step-down transformer to reduce the AC supply voltage and rectifying
elements to regulate the AC output
Q10. Impressed current anodes used in soil are not made of:
a) Graphite
b) High silicon cast iron
c) Zinc
d) Mixed metal oxides on titanium
Q11. Impressed current anodes may be installed underneath the tank.
a) True
b) False
Answers to API-651 Section 6, Methods of Cathodic Protection for

Corrosion Control
Section 8 Criteria for Cathodic Protection

Q1. API-651 provides criteria for determining the adequacy of cathodic
protection of aboveground storage tanks. What document is referenced for a
more detailed description?
a) ASME Section V, Nondestructive Examination
b) API-Standard 650, Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage
c) API-Standard 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction
d) NACE RP-01-69
8.2 Protection Criteria
8.2.1 There are several criteria used to determine if adequate cathodic
protection has been achieved on aboveground storage tanks. For a more
detailed description, refer to the latest edition of NACE RP0193.
NACE RP0193-2001 Standard Recommended Practice - External Cathodic

Protection of On-Grade Metallic Storage Tank Bottoms.
NACE RP0169-2002 Control of External Corrosion on Underground or
Submerged Metallic Piping Systems.
Q2. In determining if adequate cathodic protection is being achieved, which of

the following would be correct?
a) A negative (cathodic) potential of at least 850 mV with cathodic current
applied
b) A positive (cathodic) potential of at least 850 mV with cathodic current
applied
c) A negative (cathodic) potential of at least 85.0 mV with cathodic current
applied
d) A positive (cathodic) potential of at least 85.0 mV with cathodic current
applied
Q3. How must the required negative potential be measured?

a) This potential shall be measured with respect to a saturated copper/copper
sulfate reference electrode (CSE) contacting the metal tank bottom
b) This potential shall be measured with respect to a saturated copper/copper
sulfate reference electrode (CSE) contacting the electrolyte
c) This potential shall be measured with respect to a saturated copper/copper
sulfate reference electrode (CSE) contacting the metal casing of the
rectifier
d) This potential shall be measured with respect to a saturated copper/copper
sulfate reference electrode (CSE) contacting the positive terminal of the
power source

a) Negative polarized potential of at least 8.50 mV relative to a CSE
b) Negative polarized potential of at least 85.0 mV relative to a CSE
c) Negative polarized potential of at least 850 mV relative to a CSE
d) Negative polarized potential of at least .850 mV relative to a CSE
Q5. Name a common method of measuring polarized potential.
a) Measuring the distance between the tank bottom and the anode
b) Measuring the AC current relative to the DC current
c) Using the instant on method
d) Using the instant off method

a) A minimum of 1000 mV of cathodic polarization measured between the
tank bottom metallic surface and a standard reference electrode
contacting the electrolyte
b) A minimum of 850 mV of cathodic polarization measured between the tank
bottom metallic surface and a standard reference electrode contacting the
electrolyte
c) A minimum of 100 mV of cathodic polarization measured between the tank
bottom metallic surface and a standard reference electrode contacting the
electrolyte
d) A minimum of -0.85 mV of cathodic polarization measured between the
tank bottom metallic surface and a standard reference electrode
contacting the electrolyte
Q7. The standard method of determining the effectiveness of cathodic

protection on a tank bottom is the __________ measurement
a) Resistivity
b) DC current
c) Tank-to-soil
d) Interference current
Q8. How is the tank-to-soil potential measurement performed?

a) This measurement is performed using a low-impedance voltmeter and a
stable, reproducible reference electrode contacting the electrolyte
b) This measurement is performed using a high-impedance voltmeter and a
stable, regenerative reference electrode contacting the electrolyte
c) This measurement is performed using a high-impedance voltmeter and a
stable, reproducible reference electrode contacting the electrolyte
d) This measurement is performed using a high-impedance voltmeter and an
unstable, non-reproducible reference electrode contacting the electrolyte
Q9. Tank-to-soil potential measurements are typically taken with current

applied; however, corrections for ______ in the soil must be made.
a) IW drop(s)
b) IR drop(s)
c) ER drop(s)
d) IE drop(s)
Q10. Correction for IR drop in the soil is often necessary for measurements
made at the tank perimeter even if the reference electrode is placed
immediately adjacent to the tank. This is especially true if ______ is/are close
to the tank.
a) Distributed anodes
b) The cathodic protection power supply rectifier
c) The sacrificial anode
d) The DC power supply (battery)
Q11. Monitoring the actual structure-to-soil potential under the tank should be
considered. How can this be accomplished?
a) Permanently installed reference electrode or by burying reference
electrode every 20 feet around the perimeter of the tank
b) Inserting a reference electrode under the tank through a perforated tube or
attaching a reference electrode to the tank shell
c) Permanently installed reference electrode or by inserting a reference
electrode under the tank through a perforated tube
d) Permanently installed bare copper wire connected to the tank bottom or by
inserting a reference electrode under the tank through a perforated tube
Q12. Other standard reference electrodes may be substituted for the

saturated copper/copper sulfate reference electrode. Which of the following is
not a common substitute?
a) Reference electrode Zinc, Voltage +0.25
b) Reference electrode Saturated KCI calomel Voltage -0.78
c) Reference electrode Silver/silver chloride Voltage -0.80
d) Reference electrode Aluminum alloy (5% zinc) Voltage +0.08
Reference: API-651, Paragraph 8.4 and Table 4 ANS: D
Answers to API-651 Section 8, Criteria for Cathodic Protection
Section 11 Operation and Maintenance of Cathodic

Protection Systems
Q1. Why is it important to conduct potential surveys when there is an adequate
liquid level in a tank?
a) Bottom-to-electrolyte potential readings may indicate adequate protection for
the portion of the tank in contact with the soil but when the tank is full and all
of the bottom is in contact, protection may not be sufficient
b) Bottom-to- anode potential readings may indicate adequate protection for the
portion of the tank in contact with the soil but when the tank is full and all of
the bottom is in contact, protection may not be sufficient
c) Bottom-to-cathode potential readings may indicate adequate protection for the
portion of the tank in contact with the soil but when the tank is full and all of
the bottom is in contact, protection may not be sufficient
d) Bottom-to-electrolyte potential readings may indicate adequate protection for
the portion of the tank in contact with the soil but when the tank is full and all
of the bottom is in contact, protection may be far more than necessary
Q2. Measurements of the native structure-to-soil potential should be made

___.
a) Immediately after any cathodic protection system is energized (?)
b) Within two days after any cathodic protection system is energized
c) Within 6 months after any cathodic protection system is energized
d) Prior to energizing a new cathodic protection system
Q3. After a system has been energized, it may take _____ for polarization to
a steady state to
take place.
a) Two and a half years
b) One year
c) Several months
d) Fifteen minutes
API651: 11.3 Cathodic Protection Surveys

11.3.1 General
11.3.1.1 Prior to energizing a new cathodic protection system, measurements
of the native structure-to-soil potential should be made. Immediately after any
cathodic protection system is energized or repaired, a survey should be
conducted to determine that it operates properly. An initial survey to verify
that it satisfies applicable criteria should be conducted after adequate
polarization has occurred. (?) Polarization to a steady state may take several
months after the system is energized.
Keywords:
after adequate polarization has occurred.
Immediately after any cathodic protection system is energized or repaired,
Q4. To ensure the effectiveness of cathodic protection, how often should

cathodic protection surveys be taken?
a) Every two years
b) Annually
c) Bi-annually
d) Quarterly
Q5. How often should all sources of impressed current be checked?
a) At intervals not exceeding two years
b) At intervals not exceeding one year
c) At intervals not exceeding two months
d) At intervals not exceeding two weeks
Reference: API-651, Paragraph 11.3.3.1ANS: C
11.3.2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Cathodic Protection

Facilities
11.3.2.1 Inspection and tests of cathodic protection facilities should be made
to ensure their proper operation and maintenance.
11.3.2.2 All sources of impressed current should be checked at intervals not
exceeding two months unless specified otherwise by regulation. Evidence of
proper function may be current output, normal power consumption, a signal
indicating normal operation, or satisfactory electrical state of the protected
structure. A satisfactory comparison between the rectifier operation on a
bimonthly basis and the rectifier operation during the annual survey implies
the protected status of affected structures is similar. This does not take into
account possible effects of foreign current sources.
Q6. Tank bottoms shall be examined for evidence of corrosion at least once
each year by conducting an internal inspection and taking coupon cutouts.
a) True
b) False
Q7. Records to demonstrate the need for corrosion control measures should
be retained for
a) 5 years
b) 10 years
c) 15 years
d) As long as the facility remains in service
Q8. Records related to the effectiveness of cathodic protection should be

retained for a ______ period unless a shorter period is specifically
permitted by regulation
a) 5 years
b) 10 years
c) 15 years
d) As long as the facility remains in service
API651:11.4.7
Records sufficient to demonstrate the need for corrosion control measures
should be retained as long as the facility involved remains in service.
Records related to the effectiveness of cathodic protection should be
retained for a period of five years unless a shorter period is specifically
allowed by regulation.
API651:11.4.7
Records sufficient to demonstrate the need for corrosion control measures
should be retained as long as the facility involved remains in service.
Records related to the effectiveness of cathodic protection should be
retained for a period of five years unless a shorter period is specifically
allowed by regulation.
Answers to API-651 Section 11,

Operation and Maintenance of Cathodic Protection Systems
ANS: ANS:
ANS: ANS:
Good Luck!
Good Luck!

Understanding Apiicp653 Reading 9 Worksheet-04

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Judul Asli

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Understanding Apiicp653 Reading 9 Worksheet-04

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Understandings API ICP653

Reading 9 - Q&A Practices

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Adobe Acrobat Reader Hotkeys

Ctrl + Shift + S = save a copy

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Fion Zhang at Shanghai

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

API 653 Exam Administration -- Publications

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

ATTENTION: Only the following sections / mechanisms from RP 571 are

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Boiler and Pressure

See end of this study note for API Official BOK

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

The Magical Book of Tank Inspection ICP

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

API 650 PRACTICE QUESTIONS

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Q3. An aboveground storage tank is to be subjected to a small internal

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Q4. According to Table 1-1, what is the status of Appendix O?

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 1, Scope

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Q2. If a new or unused plate cannot be completely identified, may it still be

Q4. Shell plates are limited to what maximum thickness?

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Annex L (normative) API Standard 650 Storage Tank Data Sheet

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Annex L (normative) API Standard 650 Storage Tank Data Sheet

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Q14. What is the required average longitudinal impact value of three

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Table 4.5bMinimum Impact Test Requirements for Plates (USC) (See

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Answers to API-Standard 650 Section 2, Materials

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang

Charlie Chong/ Fion Zhang