Maternal

Anatomy

DINDING ANTERIOR ABDOMEN

EXTERNAL GENERATIVE ORGANS

INTERNAL GENERATIVE ORGANS

MUSCULOSKELETAL PELVIC ANATOMY

ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

Skin, Subcutaneous Layer, and Fascia

Transverse sections of anterior abdominal wall above (A)

and below (B) the arcuate line

INNERVATIONS

the abdominal extensions of the intercostal nerves (T711)

the subcostal nerve (T12)

the iliohypogastric skin over the suprapubic area, and

the ilioinguinal nerves (L1) skin of the lower
abdominal wall, upper portion of the labia majora,
medial portion of the thigh through its inguinal branch
(2 to 3 cm medial to the anterior superior iliac spine and
course between the layers of the rectus sheath)

The T10 dermatome approximates the level of the

umbilicus.

Organa Genetalia
externa

Vulva : includes all structures visible

externally from the pubis to the perineal
body

Mons Pubis

Labia Mayora ~ mans scrotum

Labia Minora

Vulva

Mons Pubis, Labia, and Clitoris

The vestibule

usually is perforated by six openings: the urethra, the vagina,

two Bartholin gland ducts, and at times, two ducts of the
largest paraurethral glandsthe Skene glands.

The posterior portion of the vestibule between the fourchette

and the vaginal opening is called the fossa navicularis. It is
usually observed only in nulliparas.

Vagina and Hymen

Vascularisasi Vagina

The proximal portion is supplied by the cervical branch of

the uterine artery and by the vaginal artery.

Variasi cabang langsung dari a. Uterina atau a. Vesicalis

antarior atau langsung dari a. Iliaca interna.

Dinding posterior : a. Rectal media

Dinding distal : internal pudendal artery

An extensive venous plexus immediately surrounds the

vagina and follows the course of the arteries.

Lymphatics dari 1/3 Bawah/vulva, drain inguinal lymph

nodes. 1/3 tengah drain internal iliac nodes, 1/3 atas
drain into the external, internal, and common iliac nodes.

Perineum
Batasan :

Anterior

: symphysis pubis,

Anterolaterally

: ischiopubic rami and ischial tuberosities

Posterolaterally

: sacrotuberous ligaments

Posteriorly

: coccyx

Trigonum Anterior:
- Superficial Space of the Anterior Triangle.
everal
important
structures
:
the
ischiocavernosus,
bulbocavernosus, and superficial transverse perineal muscles;
Bartholin glands; vestibular bulbs; clitoral body and crura; and
branches of the pudendal vessels and nerve
- Deep Space of the Anterior Triangle.
contains the compressor urethrae and urethrovaginal
sphincter
muscles, external urethral sphincter, parts of urethra and vagina,
branches of the internal pudendal artery, and the dorsal nerve and
vein of the clitoris

Superficial space of the anterior triangle and posterior perineal triangle.

Structures on the left side of the image can be seen after removal of Colles
fascia. Those on the right side are noted after removal of the superficial
muscles of the anterior triangle.

Deep space of the anterior triangle of the perineum. Structures on the right side of the
image can be seen after removalof the perineal membrane. Also shown are structures
that attach to the perineal body: bulbocavernosus, superficial transverse perineal,
external anal sphincter, and puboperinealis muscles as well as the perineal membrane

Pelvic Diaphragma

Found deep to the anterior and posterior triangles

provides substantial support to the pelvic viscera

composed of the levator ani ( comosed by pubococcygeus,

puborectalis, and iliococcygeus muscles) and the
coccygeus muscle.

Perineum....
Trigonum Posterior :

contains the ischiorectal fossa, anal canal, anal

sphincter complex, and branches of
the internal
pudendal vessels and pudendal nerve

Ischiorectal Fossae :

The fat found within each fossa provides support to

surrounding organs yet allows rectal distention during
defecation and vaginal stretching during delivery.

Clinically, injury to vessels in the posterior triangle can lead

to hematoma formation in the ischioanal fossa.

Anal canal and ischioanal fossa.

Pudendal Nerve