Presented
By
Dr / sandy Hassan
Classification
of
Periodontal Instruments
1- Periodontal Probes
2- Explorers
3- Scaling, Root Planing, Curettage
4- Ultrasonic and Sonic Instruments
5- Periodontal Endoscope
6- Cleansing and Polishing
1- Periodontal Probes
Purpose:
Used to measure the depth of pockets and
determine configuration.
Characteristics:
Tapered and rod-like with blunt, round tip
Calibrated in millimeters
Periodontal Probes
Usage:
Inserted with firm, gentle pressure to the bottom
of the pocket
Michigan O probe:
Marked at 3,6,8
Many clinician prefer it because of its thin
working end (o.5mm)
Marquis probe:
Color coded gradated in 3,6,9,12
Nabers probe:
2- Explorers
Purpose:
1-Locate subgingival deposits of
2-calculus
3-Detect caries
4-Check smoothness after root planin
D-Hoe
E-chiesl
Curettes
Instrument of choice for removing subgingival
calculus, root planing altered cementum,
removing soft tissue lining.
Shows subgingival adaptation around
the root is best using a curette
(instrument on right) as opposed to a
sickle scaler (on left).
*Note: Sickle scaler is not indicated
for subgingival instrumentation
1- Gracey Curette
2- Universal Curette
Characteristics of the
Universal Curette Design:
Designed so that the working ends may be adapted
to all tooth surfaces of all regions of the oral cavity
with only one double-ended instrument.
The blade is honed at 90 degrees to the lower shank.
There is no curvature of the blade except for the
curve from the shank to the toe.
Has two cutting edges on each blade and both can
be utilized during instrumentation.
Characteristics of the
Gracey Curette Design:
Gracey curettes are area-specific instruments, with each blade
adapting to a specific tooth area or surface.
The blade of a Gracey curette is offset at an angle to the lower
shank.
The shape of the blade is semicircular
The face of the blade is offset at about 70 degrees to the
lower shank.
Has two cutting edges but, ONLY ONE cutting edge of the
Gracey curette blade is used.
The rounded, convex back of the curette that allows its
placement into the periodontal pocket with minimal
laceration or discomfort
Only the lower third or half of the blade contacts the root
surface during instrumentation.
GRACEY CURETTES:
Gracey 1-2
Anterior teeth
Gracey 3-4
Anterior teeth
Gracey 5-6
Gracey 7-8
Sickle Scaler:
Hook-shaped instrument available
in various sizes and shapes
Flat blade cut at 90 degree angle
to shank
Cutting edges on both sides of the face
of the blade.
Functions primarily to remove
Supragingival calculus
Anterior sickle
The blade , shank and handle are all in the same plane.
It is of two types;
curved sickle
Posterior sickle
( Jacquette Scaler)
Straight or curved blade + contra-angel bend added to the
shank
File Scaler:
Functions to crush tenacious
calculus
Used Supragingivally and
Subgingivally
Used in a pull stroke only
Has a series of blades
Not suitable for fine scaling and
root planing
Chisel Scaler:
Functions to remove calculus
Used mainly in the proximal of
anterior teeth that are too closely
spaced
Used in a push stroke only
Cutting edge has 45 bevel
Hoe Scaler
Functions:
To remove ledges or rings of calculus
Used Supragingivally and Subgingivally
Important to maintain a two-point contact with the
tooth to stabilize the instrument
Used in a pull stroke only blade is bent 99 angle
Cutting edge has 45 bevel
5- Periodontal Endoscope
For use subgingivally in the
diagnosis and treatment of
periodontal disease
Allows visualization
subgingivally of pockets and
furcations on a monitor
May also be coupled with
ultrasonic instruments and
periodontal probes
Rubber Cups
Bristle Brushes
Dental Tape
Air-Powder Polishing
Thank you