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1850s: Events Leading to the Civil War

A. Intro
a.

b.
c.
d.
e.

Thesis: The 1850s was a decade of desperate struggle to try and find a common ground that the
south and north could agree on for the future of the country, but no amount of compromise would
be sufficient enough to stop the onset of war. The Events in the 1850s together were the events
that would finally push a divided country to see that there was no way to compromise the
disagreements between the two regions.
Compromise of 1850
Kansas Nebraska Act
Dred Scott Case
Sum It up: Election of 1860=Break of Civil War

B. Compromise of 1850:
a. 1848- Gold Discovered
b. 185080,000 ready to endter the union
c. Problem with state hood
i. Missouri Compromise= defined borders CA encompasses both
ii. Appears that there will be more north land
iii. Options
1. North CA
2. South Ca
3. Popular Sovereignty
d. Henry Clay and the Compromise
1. CA Free State
2. Slave Trade no longer in DC
3. New Fugitive Slave Law
a. Runaway slave then take to trail
b. Judge say if free or slave
c. Law give 10 for runaway, but 5 if free incentive for
judges
d. Forces Marshals to help capture
e. Bring North into slavery realm
4. Popular Sovereignty here on out
e. Uncle Toms Cabin
i. Response to Fugitive Slave Law 1852
ii. Showed the north about the southern Slavery
iii. Turned people against slavery
C. Kansas Nebraska Act
a. Kansas and Nebraska are meant to be free because of Missouri
Compromise
b. Stack up of Northern states=CA
c. Stephen A Douglas
i. Wants more southern states to support his business that cheapest through
southern black labor
ii. Proposes the act
d. THE ACT
i. Get rid of Missouri comp.
ii. Do Popular Sovereignty instead

iii. South pass it and love it idea is who there first will claim state of free or
slave
e. Bleeding Kansas:
i. Missouri Southern hug border
ii. Many different state constitutions
iii. John Brown:
1. Small farmer greatest sin was that slavery existed
2. Sons are sent to Nebraska=threatened
3. Dad Rallys up Mulitica hack to piece
4. Foreshadow of Civil war
D. Dred Scott Case
a. 1857 Slave travels to free state with master to Wisconsin
i. Lives there a couple years then return to Missouri
ii. HE says he is free
b. Ruling
i. Chief Justice Toney
1. Dred Scott not a citizen b/c Black
Blacks have no rights not in constitution
No rights and never will be granted
2. Slaves are property not people
Cannot refuse slave owner to move property
5th amendment right to property
Territory cannot deny slavery
Congress no right to deny slavery
c. Important:
i. North see it that states do not have right to ban slavery
ii. Opens slavery to entire country
iii. North declares that the democratic south has a slave conspiracy
E. Raids on Harper Fairy
a. 1859 John Brown
b. Group followers to Virginia to raid Harper of weapons and then flea to mountians
c. Build fort
d. Encourage slaves to rebel and runaway
e. Healy take them down and he is hung
f. Importance
i. Northern did condemn
ii. Southerners think this is a conspiracy
F.

Conclusion
a. 1860 Election the compromises just created a bigger rift=going into the election you can see the
rift
b. Democratic party is split- Distrust
c. Lincoln win 39 percent of popular vote=say will not intervene in slavery but south is still a threat

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