Reviewer 1 Chemical Engineering Day 1

General Chemistry
1. Board Problem, January 1974

A. Write the type of formula
_______1. Paraffin hydrocarbon
_______2. Olefin series
_______3. Acetylene Series
_______4. Organic alcohols
_______5. Ethers
_______6. Aldehydes
_______7. Ketones
_______8. Organic acids
_______9. Amine
______10. Amide
B. Write the structural formula and its derivatives

_______1. Monochlorobenzene
_______2. Phenol
_______3. Aniline
_______4. Toluene
_______5. O-xylene
_______6. Naphthalene
_______7. Anthracene
_______8. Phenanthrene
_______9. O-cresol
_______10. Nitrobenzene
C. Atom of an element with atomic mass=207 and atomic number=82. Determine:

_______1. Group number
_______4. Normal valence
_______2. Period number
_______5. Metallic or Non-metallic
_______3. Number of neutrons
_______6. Acidic or basic
2. Board Problem, October 1977
A. Complete and balance the following equations
1.
CaCO3
+
H2SO4 =
CaSO4
2.
Zn
+
HCl
=
ZnCl2
3.
Fe
+
CuSO4 =
FeSO4 +
4.
KClO3 =
KCl
+
O2
5.
Cu2O +
O2
=
CuO
6.
Na2CO3
+
NaOH =
NaCl +
+
+
Cu
CO2
CO2
H2
H2O
H2O
B. Give the balance equation and material required to produce 200 g of O 2.

1.
KClO3 =
KCl
+
O2
2.
KNO3 =
KNO2 +
O2
3.
HgO
=
Hg
+
O2
3. Board Problem, April 1978
A.
What is the silver content of a 2 g silver coin which produces 1.66 g AgSCN precipitate?
B.
What is the pH of 0.1M monoprotic acid solution which is 1.0% ionized?
C.
How many ml of a 12 N HCl solution is needed to neutralize 100 ml of a 1.2M Ba (OH) 2 solution?

Calculate the empirical of a compound with the following composition: 22.8%Na, 21.7%B, and 55.4% O.
Photosynthesis is the reaction of CO 2 and H2O in sunlight to form glucose and O2. For a 264 g CO2 and 108g H2O, calculate the weight of the
products.
6. Board Problems October 1977
True or False
______1.
O2 is the most abundant of the elements.
______2.
Equal volumes of all gases under the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
______3.
Valences of the same element could either be positive or negative.
______4.
Ozone is the allotrope of O2.
______5.
Metal and non-metal oxides react with water to form hydroxides.
______6.
At T=K, the volume of gas varies inversely with pressure.
______7.
The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas.
______8.
In the triclinic crystal system, three axes of equal length intersect each other at oblique angles.
______9.
Chemical equilibrium is a state where reactions are opposite in effect and have the same velocity.
_____10.
Li, K, and Na are called alkali metals.
_____11.
The periodic law states that properties of the chemical elements are periodic functions of their atomic weights.
_____12.
The atoms of the radioactive elements are complex and these integrate emitting alpha and beta particles.
_____13.
The atomic number of O2 is 8, 2 in the first shell and 6 in the second.
_____14.
Transmutations cannot be caused by fast moving protons and deuterons.
_____15.
Equal quantities of a pH 2 acid and pH 12 base always give a pH 7 solution.
_____16.
Arrhenius postulated that ionization of many solutes is practically complete in dilute solutions.
_____17.
The smelting of an ore is the production of the metal in the molten state by means of a furnace process.
_____18. Metals are extracted from gangue in a blast furnace.

_____19.
Limestone is a suitable flux for ores containing silica.
_____20.
Metals cannot be separated from low grade ores by simple leaching process.
Matching type
_______1. Hydroxides
_______2. Esters
_______3. Ethers
_______4. Monohydric alcohol
_______5. Synthetic detergents
_______6. Dialysis
_______7. Organic Acids
_______8. Aldehydes
_______9. Isotopes
______10. Allotropes
a. RCOOR
b. solutions of metallic oxides
c. ROR
d. methanol
e. alkyl-aryl sulfonate
f. substances that keep pH constant
g. same atomic mass different atomic number
h. molecular modifications
i. chemically different but the same atomic mass
j. Extraction of solids from solution by diffusion through membrane
k. RCHO
l. RCOOH

True or False
________1. In an exothermic reaction, heat is produced.
________2. In an endothermic reaction, heat is absorbed.
________3. Elements combine or displace each other according to its equivalent weight.
________4. The Law of conservation is true for both mass and energy.
________5. Elements in a given group become less metallic with decrease in atomic
number.
________6. The temperature of a rapidly expanding gas goes up.
________7. Physical change does not alter composition.
________8. A base gives an alkaline solution.
________9. Diamond is an example of a covalent solid.
_______10. Cathode is negative.
_______11. An ionic solid conducts electricity in the molten state.
_______12. In the liquefaction of air, N2 liquefies first.
_______13. Activation energy is the minimum energy required for reaction.
_______14. Hydrocarbon contains only carbon and hydrogen.
_______15. Members of a homologue differ by CH2.
_______16. Isomers have the same composition and molecular weight.
_______17. The formula of a tertiary alcohol is R3COH.
_______18. The formula for ketone is R2O.
_______19. BOD means biochemical oxygen demand.
_______20. Anaerobic means without oxygen.
9. Board Problem January 1974
Matching Type
________1. Isomer
________2. Polymer
________3. Lucite
________4. Isoprene
________5. Co-polymer
________6. Cellulose
________7. Photosynthesis
________8. Fructose
________9. Cellophane
_______10. Nylon
a. Products of 2 different polymerizing units.

b. Synthetic rubber
c. Cotton
d. Synthetic silk
e. Viscous process
f. Sugar
g. Plexi glass
h. Meta; Ortho; Para
i. Polyvinyl chloride
j. Light to chemical energy
10. Board Problem May 1982

Write the chemical formula of the reactants, the products formed. Complete and balance the equation. Indicate the type of reaction or process
involved.
1. Muriatic acid
+
Milk of lime
2. Brine
+
Electricity
3. Hydrated gypsum
+
Dry heat (400oC)
4. Ethyl alcohol
+
Acetic acid
5. Ethylene
+
Hydrogen (190oC)
11. Board Problem October 1979
Fill in the blanks
________1. Marsh gas.

________2. Product of alcohol and Aldehyde.
________3. Reaction between nitric acid and organic compounds.
________4. Reaction between sulfuric acid and organic compounds
________5. Industrial process of ammonia manufacturing.
________6. Wood alcohol.
________7. Common name of carbon tetrachloride.
________8. Alcohol from sugar fermentation.
________9. Group common to aldehydes and ketones
_______10. Compounds that twist the polarized light to the right.
_______11. Reaction between strong base and an ester.
_______12. Analysis involves procedures permitting the identification of ions in solutions.
_______13. Analysis involves the determination of the amounts of specific substances.
_______14. Solution of weak acid containing high concentration of one of its salt.
_______15. Indication of acidity or alkalinity.
_______16. Mass of pure caustic soda = 36g of pure HCl
_______17. Volume of 1 N sulfuric acid solution that will neutralize 10 ml 1N NaOH.
_______18. Mass of Ag present in 100g AgCl.
_______19. Mass of copper equivalent to 80ml of 0.1N sodium thiosulfate.
_______20. Mass of BaSO4 precipitated by 10 ml 0.1N Na2SO4 from BaCl2.
12. Board Problem October 1979
Matching Type
________1. Acetylene
________2. Ethyl alcohol
________3. Cane sugar
________4. Wood alcohol
________5. Catalyst
________6. Osmosis
________7. Isomers
________8. Dry ice
________9. Reduction
_______10. Acidic
_______11. Basic
_______12. Buffer
_______13. Phenolphthalein
_______14. Valance
_______15. Isotopes
_______16. Ionization
_______17. Neutralization
_______18. Polymerization
_______19. Limestone
_______20. Glycerine

Matching type
_______1. Fourdrinier
_______2. Distillation column
_______3. Expellers
_______4. Digester
_______5. Spray drier
_______6. Saponification kettle
_______7. Oak barrels
_______8. Pigments
_______9. Crusher
______10. Electrolytic cells
14. Board Problems, November 1982

Write the chemical formula of the compound
________1. Formaldehyde
a. Substances altering reaction rate

b. Substance with same formula but different
chemical properties
c. Elements of the same properties but different
atomic weights
d. Electron gain
e. pH > 7
f. pH < 7
g. C3H5 (OH) 3
h. CO2
i. C2H5OH
j. C2H2
k. CaCO3
l. C12H22O11
m. CH3OH
n. Diffusion through membrane
o. Indicator
p. Combining power of an element
q. Acid + Alkali
r. Process of building up to larger molecules from
small one
s. Formation of charged particles.
t. Common ion effect
a. wine
b. soap
c. paper making
d. paint
e. coconut oil
f. baking
g. mining / metallurgy
h. alcohol
i. Powder detergent
j. caustic/ chloride
k. glass making
l. flour milling
m. pulp making
n. fertilizer
________6. Chloroform
________2. Urea
________3. Ethanol
________4. Glucose
________5. Methane
________7. Acetyl-Salicylic acid

________8. Stearic acid
________9. O-phthalic acid
_______10. Trinitrotoluene
15. Board Problem, May 1983

A. Write the chemical formula of the compound
1. Soda ash
__________
2. Caustic soda
__________
3. Ethanol
__________
4. Gypsum
__________
5. Muriatic acid
__________
B. Complete and balance the following reactions:
1. Cu
+
HNO3 (dilute)
2. KMnO4 +
HBr
16. Board Problem, November 1983

Find the empirical formula of a compound whose percentage composition by weight is as follows: 45.9% K, 16.5% N, and 37.6% O
Mass Relationships
From the following data compute the amount of raw materials required to produce 100 tons of caustic soda by caustication process
Data: a. limestone
96% calcium carbonate
b. lime conversion efficiency
90%
c. soda ash
98%
Calculate the theoretical quantities of all raw materials needed to produce 100 MT of soda ash daily by the Solvay process.
What volume of oxygen gas collected over water at 20 oC and 750mmHg can be obtained by the decomposition of 170g potassium chlorate?
What volume of air measured at 25oC and 740mmHg is required to burn 3L of gasoline? Gasoline is a mixture with average composition C 7H14
(= 0.7 g/ml).
In the lime soda process for caustic soda manufacture, lime is made to react with water and then with soda ash. The composition of raw
materials:
Lime:
54% calcium oxide, 1.5% magnesium oxide and inerts
Soda ash:
50% sodium oxide and inerts
a. How many metric tons of lime and soda ash will be needed to produce 100 MT of 25% liquid sodium hydroxide?
b. How many metric tons of calcium carbonate by-product will be produced?
3000 MT of a 6-10-16 fertilizer was prepared by mixing ammonium sulfate (95% purity), phosphoric acid (95% purity), muriate of potash
(95% purity), and gypsum (90% purity). Calculate how much of each was used.
A 0.5g sample of limestone with inert materials was treated with HCl and 211ml of CO 2 was liberated. The gas was measured dry at 25 oC and
763 mmHg. Calculate the % calcium oxide in the sample.
If 10kg of sodium were made to react with water, calculate the following :
a. Weight of water involved in the reaction
b. Moles of sodium hydroxide produced
c. Standard ft3 of hydrogen liberated during the reaction
d. Amount of water to be added to produce 0.1N solution.
If 40g of phosphoric acid react with 60g magnesium carbonate, calculate:
a. Mass of magnesium sulfate produced
b. Mass of carbon dioxide produced
c. Volume of gas at STP

Copper smelter is using copper sulfide concentrate containing 30% copper and 40% sulfur. The plant employs Autokumpu process with pure
oxygen to produce at its rate capacity of 130,000 MT per year of 99.9% copper. The following equation may be assumed during the smelting:
Copper sulfide
+
oxygen
=
copper+
sulfur dioxide
Compute
a. Feed rate per hour of the concentrate for 330 days/year operation.
b. Oxygen requirements in tons per hour.
Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are obtained from hydrolysis of sucrose. At T= 80 oF and 1atm, how many kilos of alcohol and liters of gas
can be obtained from a 1 metric ton of sucrose?
It is desired to produce phenol by reacting chlorobenzene and sodium hydroxide. 1000kg of phenol are produced from reacting 1,320kg of
chlorobenzene and 1,200kg of sodium hydroxide, what is the:
a. % excess
b. % yield
Solutions/ Colligative Properties
29. Board Problem, April 1979/ May 1983
For a 25g sucrose dissolved in 1kg of water at 70oC, calculate:
a. Vapor pressure of the solution
c. Freezing point
b. Boiling point
d. Osmotic pressure
For a 1% sugar solution with a density of 1.03 g/ml, calculate:
a. Vapor pressure of the solution
c. Freezing point
b. Boiling point
d. Osmotic pressure
A solution containing 4.5g of an unknown compound in 100g of benzene gave a freezing point of 4.02 oC (kf= 5.12oC, Tfo= 5.5oC). Give the
molecular weight of the unknown substance.
At 60oC, the vapor pressure of Ethyl alcohol is 352.7 mmHg and that of methyl alcohol is 625 mmHg. If the two alcohols are mixed 50/50 by
weight at that temperature, assuming ideal solution, what will be the composition of the vapor above the solution?
Find the molecular weight of the liquid from the following data obtained from measuring the vapor pressure of the liquid by the gas saturation
method.
Volume of oxygen at 740mmHg and 30oC
=
5.6 ml
Barometric pressure
=
740 mmHg
Temperature
=
30oC
Loss in weight of the solid
=
1.195g
Vapor pressure of the liquid at 30oC
=
78.2 mmHg
By dissolving 22.5g sodium carbonate decahydrate in water and adding water until the total volume is 200 cc, a solution is made having a
density of 1.04 g/ml. Calculate:
a. Molarity
b. Normality
c. Mole fraction of the solute
0.5g of N with MW of 160g/mol is dissolved in 10g of solvent S. The boiling point of the solution is 124.8 oC. If 0.4g of M is dissolved in 12g
of the same solvent S, the boiling point of the solution is 125.2oC. Boiling point of the solvent is 122oC. Calculate the MW of M.
Chemical Equilibrium
One tenth of a mole of phosphorus pentachloride is heated to 250 oC in a 2li vessel. At this temperature, the dissociation proceeds according to
the reaction with Kc= 0.0414. Calculate the concentration of Cl 2 in moles/li. PCl5 (g)
=
PCl3 (g)
+
Cl2 (g)
Calculate the total pressure which must be applied to a mixture of 3 parts hydrogen and 1 part nitrogen to give a mixture containing 10%
ammonia at 400oC, Kp= 1.64 x 10-4.

Calculate the mole percentage of ammonia present at equilibrium at 450 oC when the total pressure is 100 atm, and the molar ratio of hydrogen
to nitrogen is 3 to 1. Refer to PhyChem by Maron and Lando (Table 10-1, p. 364), for the average value of K.

PCl5 (g) dissociates into PCl3 (g) and Cl2 (g) when heated at 250oC at 1atm. If the density of the gas mixture at equilibrium is 4.4g/li at 250 oC
and 1 atm, calculate:
a. Mole fraction of the reactant
b. Composition of the gas mixture at equilibrium
The total pressure for the system is 32 mmHg at 750 oC. The partial pressure of water at that temperature is 23.7 mmHg. Find the value of Kp
at the same temperature for the reaction.
SnO2 (s)
+
H2 (g) =
Sn (s)
+
H2O (g)
The reaction below has a value of Kp= 0.771 at the same temperature:
H2 (g)
+
CO2 (g)
=
CO (g)
+
H2O (g)
a. Calculate the (H+) in a 0.1M HCNO solution.
b. Degree of ionization, Ka= 2 x 10-4
c. pH of the solution
At 3000oC and 1atm, carbon dioxide is 40% dissociated. If 50 li of carbon dioxide at 20 oC and 1 atm are heated to 3000oC at constant pressure,
what volume of gas will result assuming it behaves ideally. The reaction is CO 2 (g) =
CO (g)
+
O2 (g)
Analytical Chemistry
In the process of neutralization of Na2CO3 with HCl, the amount of 0.1N HCl used is 35ml per 100ml of Na2CO3 solution. Calculate:
a. Amount of HCl needed to reach end point
b. Concentration in g/ml of the Na2CO3 solution
Three gmole HCl and 80g of NaOH were placed in a liter of water
a. Show the balanced equation involved
b. Is the resulting solution acidic or basic?
c. How much of the dominant substance is in excess?
A 0.5g sample of iron oxide (Fe 2O3 with inert materials) was dissolved in H 2SO4 and completely reduced and titrated with 13.3 ml of KMnO 4
(1 ml of KMnO4 is equivalent to 0.0126g H2C2O42H2O). What is the % Fe2O3 in the sample?
A soda ash plant utilizing Solvay process calcines sodium bicarbonate to soda ash according to the reaction:
NaHCO3
=
Na2CO3
+
H2O
+
CO2
a. For the purpose of a rapid laboratory calculation, evolve a simple formula to show efficiency of calcination in terms of the following
laboratory data:
V1 = volume of titrating agent used on sample from start to phenolphthalein end point
V2 = volume of titrating agent used on sample from the phenolphthalein end point to the
methyl orange end point.
Assuming the titrating agent is 0.1N acid.
b. % Purity of the product for a 94.7% calcination efficiency.
a. Calculate the molarity, molality, and normality of 10g of NaOH in 500ml of H 2O.
b. Calculate the number of grams of H2SO4 in 100ml of water that will completely neutralize the solution in A.
A 20% aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and a 25% aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide were reacted to produce caustic soda solution.
The precipitate formed was analyzed to contain 5% water, 1% NaOH and 94% CaCO 3. Calculate:
a. Concentration of the NaOH solution produced
b. % recovery of NaOH
In the analysis of a feldspar sample weighing 0.42g mixture of KCl and NaCl is obtained which was found to weigh 0.072g. The same
feldspar was found to contain 0.16g K2PtCl6. Calculate the Na2O in the feldspar.
A sample weighing 0.6234g that might contain a mixture of NaOH + Na 2CO3 or Na2CO3 + NaHCO3 is titrated with 0.1062M HCl by the two
indicator method. With phenolphthalein end point, 40.38ml of acid was used. The titration is continued after adding methyl orange, and an additional
12.38ml of acid was used.
a. Identify the mixture of bases in the sample
b. Calculate the % of each base in the sample
A sample of impure magnetite (Fe 3O4) weighing 0.5g was converted by chemical reaction to Fe 2O3. The iron oxide, Fe 2O3, was found to weigh
0.41g. Determine the % Fe3O4 n the magnetite.
A sample containing only ferric oxide (Fe 2O3) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) weighs 10g. This sample is heated with sufficient amount of
hydrogen gas to reduce all the iron oxide to elemental iron. The aluminum oxide remained unaffected in the process and the dry sample was found to
weigh 8.58g. Calculate the % Al in the original sample.

25.3ml of 0.1065N HCl are added to 92.2ml of 0.603N H2SO4. To the mixture, 60ml of 1N KOH are added.
a. Is the final mixture acidic or basic?
b. What volume of 0.1N acid or alkali must be added to neutralize the solution?
Electrochemistry
At 25oC, the free energy of formation of H2O (l) is -56,700 cal/mol, while that of its ionization to H+ and OH- ions is 19,050 cal/mol.
a. What will be the reversible EMF at 25oC of the cell?
H2 (g, 1 atm); H+ || OH-; O2 (g, 1 atm)
b. What will be the single electronic potentials of the oxygen electrode?
A uniform current deposits 0.6332g of Ag in 90 minutes.
a. What volume of hydrogen gas at 25oC and 740 mmHg measured over water (Pv = 23.7mmHg) would it liberate in 60 min?
b. How long would it take this current to deposit a gram of copper?
a. Write the cell which will have the following cell reaction.
Hg
+
Sn++
=
Hg++
o
o
b. Calculate the E of the cell and the F of the reaction.
c. Will Hg (s) displace Sn++ from its salt?
Sn

74.55g KCl is electrolyzed between AgCl electrodes at 25 oC. 2.48g of Ag were deposited on each of 2 coulometer in series at the transference
cell over a period of 20.5hr at a current of 0.03Amp. After electrolysis, the anode compartment contained 121.4g of solution with 6.51% by weight of
KCl while the cathode compartment had 125.7g of solution with 7.15% KCl, which did not change significantly during the electrolysis. Calculate the
transference number of the cation and anion.
A saturated solution of AgCl placed in a conductance cell whose constant is 0.1802/cm had R= 67,950 ohms. At 25 oC, R water = 212,180 ohms
in the same cell. Calculate Ksp of AgCl in water. IoAg+ = 61.9 and IoCl+ = 76.3.
Gas Law
10.5li of nitrogen at 25oC and 760mmHg are bubbled through an aqueous solution of a non-volatile solute, whereby the solution loses 0.2455g
in weight. If the total pressure of the solution above is 760mmHg, what is the vapor pressure of the solution and the mole fraction of solute in
solution?
The time of outflow of a diatomic gas through a small opening is 24.4 minutes and the corresponding time for hydrogen is 5.5min.
a. What is the MW of the diatomic gas?
b. At 100oC, what is the root mean square velocity?
c. How many grams of this gas will be needed to fill a sphere 5 ft ID at -10 oC and 5 atm?

A mixture of hydrocarbon vapor contains 80kg of benzene, 80kg of toluene and 60kg Xylene. Calculate:
a. Volume in m3 of vapor mixture at 300oF and 444 mmHg.
b. Density of mixture in g/ml
Calculate the work done when a mole of sulfur dioxide at 27 oC expands reversible and isothermally from 1 to 10 li, assuming the gas follows
Van der Waals equation.
Van der Waals constant a= 6.714, b= 0.05636
A mixture of 0.2g nitrogen and 0.1g hydrogen is to be stored at 760 mmHg and 25 oC. What must be the volume of the container if it is
assumed that here is no interaction between the two gases?
The following data were gathered in the determination of a hydrogen gas; 92.3% by wt at -9 oC at various pressures. Determine the exact MW
of the hydrocarbon and identify the gas.
Pressure (atm)
1
2
3
Density (g/li)
1.45
3.4
5.85
When evacuated or empty, a gas density bulb weighs 29.3215g. First, carbon dioxide was used to fill the gas density bulb at 40 oC and 1 atm
and weighed 30.0079g. Then the bulb was evacuated and filled with a mixture of CO and CO 2 under the same temperature and pressure. With this
mixture the bulb weighs 29.9332g. What was the % CO in the gas mixture?
The organic compound showed the following analysis using the Victor Meyer apparatus
By wt
Carbon
37.5%
Hydrogen
12.5%
Oxygen
50.0%
The organic compound of 0.25g vaporized displacing 100ml of air measured over water at 25 oC and 748 mmHg. What is the MW of the compound?
A 500ml sample of a gas collected at 80oC and 730 mmHg pressure weighed 1.5g. What is the MW of the gas?
1.2g of a gaseous hydrocarbon containing 80% C and 20% H by weight occupies 950ml at 20 oC and 770 mmHg.
a. Determine the simplest formula of the hydrocarbon.
b. Fine the MW of the HC
c. Write the Molecular formula of the HC.
d. Identify its family.
Work/ Heat/ Thermodynamics
A 500 lb piece of iron falls from a height of 1000ft. If the atomic weight of iron is 55.5 and neglecting air resistance, calculate the heat it
liberate after hitting the hard ground in:
a. ergs
c. calories
b. joules
d. liter-atm
What is the maximum rise in temperature of the piece of iron as it hits the hard ground?
One mole of a perfect diameter gas (Cv= 5) initially at 40 oC and 10atm expands quickly (adiabatically) against a constant external pressure of
2atm until its own pressure has fallen to 2 atm. Calculate S for the operation.
A lead bullet is fired at a stationary target. What would be the muzzle velocity (in fps) so that it hits the target, its temperature would reach the
melting point of lead (328oC). Assume that the temperature of the bullet before it hits the target is 28 oC and that the specific heat of lead is 0.055
BTU/lb-oF; 778 ft-lb/BTU.
The free energies of formation at the standard state at 25 oC of liquid acetic acid, CO 2, and CH4 are -94,500, - 94,100, and -12,100cal/mol,
respectively. Calculate the free energy change accompanying the decomposition of a mole of acetic acid into CO 2 and CH4.
A fuel furnishes 7,000cal of heat per gram. Calculate the maximum work which can be obtained from in this engine which operates with the
water between its boiling point and 40oC.
Calculate the difference between the heat of combustion of methane at constant pressure and at constant volume at 27 oC when liquid water
forms.
a. Calculate the energy generated by an electric current of 10A across a voltage of 10V for 10hr, in calories.
b. If this energy is used to heat water, how many grams of water can be heated from 20 oC and 100oC.
76, Board Problem, May 1982
Calculate the change in entropy in entropy units when 100g of ice at 0 oC is converted to steam at 100oC and 1atm.
The integral heat of solution of MgCl 2 (s) at 18oC is 35,900 cal and that of MgCl 26H2O is -2,950 cal. The heat of vaporization of water is 587
cal/g. Find H at 18oC for the reaction.
The vapor pressure of acetic acid at 90 oC is 293mmHg and 417mmHg at 100 oC. Assuming the latent heat of vaporization of acetic acid is
given within the given temperature range, calculate:
a. Molar latent heat of vaporization
b. Normal boiling point of acetic acid
Calculate the degree of dissociation of SO3 at 600oK and 0.5 atm. At 600oK: G= 19,759cal and H= 46,980cal. SO3 (g)
+
O2 (g)
SO2
(g)

A newly designed refrigerator has a capacity of 3,140 watts and input rating of 735 watts. What is the coefficient of performance of the
refrigerator and the heat transfer rate in the condenser?
Chemical Engineering Calculations I
A mixture of ammonia and air at a pressure of 745mmHg and a temperature of 40 oC contains 4.9% ammonia by volume. The gas is passed at a
rate of 100 ft3 per min through an absorption tower in which only ammonia is removed. The gas leaves the tower at a pressure of 740mmHg at 20 oC
and contains 0.13% ammonia by volume. Using the ideal gas law, calculate:
a. Rate of flow of gases leaving the tower (ft 3/min).
b. Weight of ammonia absorbed in the tower per min.
One cu. cm. of a certain activated charcoal has a surface area of 1,000 m 2. Assuming complete surface coverage, how much ammonia at
standard conditions, could be absorbed on the surface of 45cc of activated carbon? Assume that the ammonia molecules just touch each other on a
plane.
A solvent water mixture is to be distilled at 95 oC. The vapor pressure of the solvent at this temperature is 130 mmHg and that of the water is
640 mmHg. The solvent is immiscible in water and has a MW= 150. Calculate the weight of the solvent in kilos that will be carried over into the
distillate with 200kg water.
At a fertilizer plant drier, the special formula 14-14-10 requires the removal of 200 lb of water per hour to assure good granulation. Air at 70 oF
and 50% RH enters the drier and leaves at 140oF and 80% RH. What is the weight of the bone-dry air used per hr? Assume the barometer reading at
760 mmHg.
It is desired to produce copper cyanide by first converting it to copper sulfate. The copper scraps (bronze, bullet shells) are to be charged,
together with sulfuric acid to a reactor. Assuming the products are copper sulfate, water, and sulfur dioxide; neglecting impurities; calculate: how
much is required for
a. Copper
b. Sulfuric acid (90% by wt) if the vessel is closed and 40lb of sulfuric dioxide was collected.
A cement company uses 3,000MT of gypsum a month. If 40MT of this gypsum are needed for every 1,000MT of clinker to produce Portland
cement:
a. How many MT of clinker is produced monthly?
b. How many MT of limestone (53% CaO) per month does this represent?
c. Give the analysis of the cement if the clinker analysis is as follows:
CaO= 61.92%, Fe2O3= 6.24%, SiO2= 20.64%, Al2O3= 7.2%
A fertilizer plant produces 120,000 MT of 10-6-10 fertilizer annually from ammonium sulfate (20%N), diammonium phosphate (18%N, 46%
P2O5), potassium chloride (60% K2O) and gypsum as filler. How much of the materials above are used by the plant annually?
Note: A 10- 6- 10 contains: 10%N, 6%P as P2O5, and 10% potash as K2O.
Oil and light solids are removed from 20,000 gal/hr of factory wastewater in a froth floatation plant. Treatment requires 0.04 ft 3 (STP) of air
per gallon of wastewater. Air is fed into the water at a depth of 10ft from the surface, at a pressure equal to the hydrostatic pressure of the water at the
point of entry. The air bubbles enter the water at an average diameter of 1mm. If water temperature is constant at 700 oFand barometric pressure is
29.7 inHg, calculate:
a. Air feed rate at STP
b. Average diameter of the air bubbles as they reach the water surface.
The dilute sulfur dioxide by-product of the Leyte copper smelter is converted first into sulfuric acid to avoid pollution and get some added
values from the sulfur. The Philippine phosphate plant nearby will use the sulfuric acid to make ammonium sulfate and ammonium phosphate
fertilizers. Calculate the sulfuric acid production per day when the smelter is operating at 60% of its rated capacity (130,000 tons of copper per year
and the Philex concentrate has 40% total sulfur from copper and iron sulfides.).
A cold process soap is made by mixing 340ml of 35 o Baume (25o) NaOH solution with 660ml coconut oil poured into molds and allowed to
stand and harden. Calculate:
a. % NaOH in 35o Baume NaOH solution.
b. % excess or shortage of NaOH used, if coconut oil has a saponification number of 260. MW= 205, Sp.gr.= 0.9.
Chemical Engineering Calculations II
A natural gas is known to be composed only of methane, ethane and nitrogen. The volume% of nitrogen is 20% when burned. The Orsat
analysis of the flue gas shows 7.8% CO2, 7.4% O2, and 84.8%N2. Determine:
a. Volume of methane and ethane.
b. % excess air.
A furnace fires a fuel oil containing 82% carbon, 17% hydrogen and 1% Sulfur using 10% excess air. Assuming that the combustion of C to
CO2 is only 90% complete and that all the sulfur is burned to SO2, calculate the complete analysis of the wet flue gas.
A rotary drier burns a fuel with dry air at 40 oF and 30.1 inHg. The oil contains only carbon and hydrogen. Analysis of the flue gas shows
12.9% CO2, 3.8% O2 and 83.3%N2. Calculate:
a. % excess air
d. ft3 flue gas (40oF and 30.1 inHg) per lb oil
b. Weight % of carbon in oil
e. Partial pressure of water vapor in the stack gas
c. ft3 air/lb oil
A furnace coal uses coal which analyzes 70.4%C, 4.8%H 2, 9.4%ash, 11.8%O2, and negligible N and S. If the furnace is fired with 50% excess
air, calculate the flue gas analysis assuming complete combustion.
Calculate the % heating value lost in the refuse for this certain type of coal (negligible N and S) with a heating value of 14,000 BTU/lb.
Proximate Analysis
Proximate Analysis of Refuse
4.7% moisture
28% FC
24.3% VCM
7% VCM
9.6% Ash
65% Ash
61.4% FC
A low grade coal with heating value of 11,000 BTU/lb is used to fire a boiler at the rate of 600 lb/hr. With the following analysis presented.
a. Calculate % heating value lost in the refuse
b. Having a heat transfer efficiency of 60%, calculate the 1,150 BTU/lb steam produced/ hr.
Proximate Analysis
Proximate Analysis of refuse
10% Ash
19% FC
30% VCM
10% VCM
57% FC
50% ash

The ultimate analysis of a Bituminous coal, as received, is 77.5%C, 3.7%H 2, 1.5%N2, 4.3%O2, 0.5%S, 6.5% ash and 6.0%water.
a. Convert this analysis to dry basis.
b. Convert this analysis to dry and ashless basis.
c. If this coal as received is burned at a rate of 100MT/hr and the refuse is analyzed as being 10% combustible (carbon in the ash), how many
kilos of refuse/hr must be handled?
Formaldehyde is made by the catalytic air oxidation of methanol. When the process is operating properly, there is a 30% conversion of
methanol to formaldehyde. Suddenly, the supervising Chemical Engineer noted a drop in formaldehyde production. An analysis of a sample taken at
this time showed 63.1%N2, 13.4%O2, 5.9%H2O, 4.1%CHO, 12.3%methanol and 1.2% HCOOH. Calculate:
a. % conversion of methanol to formaldehyde
b. Moles air/ mol methanol
A burner burns a fuel gas entering at 70 oF and 1atm, employing 20% excess air with the same condition as the fuel gas. Assuming complete
combustion, give the orsat analysis of the flue gas. Fuel gas composition (%vol) is as follows: 1%O 2, 3%CO2, 33%CO, 40%H2, 1%Benzene,
6%ethylene, 6%N2, 10%Paraffins (C12H44).
1 x 106 MT of an ore, containing 3.0% copper sulfide, is concentrated by floatation, with a 90% recovery of the sulfide. Calculate:
a. Tons of cuprous sulfide recovered.
b. Tons of sulfur dioxide liberated by roasting the sulfide
c. Tons of pure copper metal obtained by electrolytic refining of Blister copper, if recovery is 100%.
Semirara coal (negligible N and S) has the following analysis: 75.6%C, 9.6%O 2, 8.8%ash, 6.0%H2, and 20% excess air used. Due to faulty
combustion, 85% is completely burned, the rest to CO. Calculate the dry air supplied (m 3) per kg coal at 40oC and 1atm.
Absolute alcohol (ethyl alcohol) is burned using 20% excess air. Give the complete analysis of the combustion products assuming complete
combustion.
The actual process by which a close system changes from an initial state, I, to a final state, f, as shown in the PV diagram below:
300
200
P (Pa)
100
0
V (m3)
The total heat added to the system is 500J, the change in enthalpy of the system is
a. -100J
b. 300J
c. 500J
d. 1100J
Answer:
3.
a. 54%, b. 3, c. 20ml
4.
Na2B4O7
16.
KNO2
17.
Limestone= 144.68 tons, soda ash= 135.2 tons
18.
NaCl= 110.38 tons/day, CaCO3= 94.3 tons/day
19.
51.93 li
20.
V= 27,623 li
21.
Limestone= 31.25 MT, soda ash= 38.75 MT, lime= 32.41 MT
22.
Ammonium sulfate= 893.3MT, Phosphoric acid= 435.9MT, Muriate of potash= 800.9MT, gypsum=869.9MT.
23.
97.0%
24.
a. 7.826kg, b. 434.78 mole, c. 171.9 ft3, d. 4,347.8 li
25.
a. 53.45kg, b. 26.93kg, c. 13.71 li
26.
a. 54.66, b. 4.13
27.
Alcohol= 538 kg, gas= 2.88 x 105 li
28.
a. 155.75%, b. 90.69%
29.
a. 23.77 mmHg, b. 100.038oC, c. -0.136oC, d. 1.79 atm
30.
a. 23.75 mmHg, b. 100.015oC, c. -0.055oC, d. 0.736 atm
31.
155.68 g/mol
32.
28% ethyl alcohol
33.
46,116 g/mol
34.
a. 0.393M, b. 0.786N, c. 7.04 x 10-3
35.
93.33 g/mol
36.
0.0293M
37.
29.69 atm
38.
15.6%
39.
a. 0.103, b. 81.32%, 9.34%, 9.34%
40.
3.7
41.
a. 0.00478M, b. 4.78%, c. 2.32
42.
670 li
43.
a. 17.5 ml, b. 0.001855
44.
b. acidic, c. 36.5g HCl
45.
42.49%
46.
a. 2V1/ (V1+V2), b. 91.85%
47.
a. M=N=0.5, b. 12.25g
48.
a. 10.97% wt, b. 98.98%
49.
2.90%
50.
a. NaOH and Na2CO3, b. 18.77%NaOH and 23.16% Na2CO3
51.
79.26%
52.
27.90%
53.
a. basic, b. 17.1 ml
54.
a. Eo cell= 0.403V, b. Eo O2= 0.403V
55.
a. 0.0508li, b. 8.04hr
56.
b.Fo= 85,291 cal, c. no
57.
tK+= 0.487; tCl-= 0.513
58.
1.7 x 10-10
59.
23.33 mmHg, 0.018
60.
a. 39.36g/mol, b. 48,617 cm/s, c. 16,899g
61.
a. 146m3, b. 1.51 x 103g/ml
62.
1,257.44 cal
63.
1.397 li
64.
25.99 g/mol; ethyne
65.
29.94%
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
100.
101.
102.
64.14 g/mol
90.46 g/mol
a. CH3, b. 29.97, c. C2H6, d. ethene; paraffin
a. 6.78 x 1012, b. 677,614, c. 161,954, d. 6,688, and e. 11.37oF
478.13oK
1,216 fps
-11,800 cal
1,126cal/g
-1,192 cal
a. 360,400cal, b. 11,472g
205.28 eu
24,546 cal
a. 9,494.72cal/mol, b. 118.34oC
6.33 x 10-3
COP= 4.27; Q= 3.33 x 106 cal/hr
a. 89.75, b. 0.1938 lb/min
14.1/g ammonia
338.54kg
1,782.53 Handbook/ 1,853.6 Steam table
a. 39.69 lb, b. 136.11
a. 75,000, b. 87,623, c. 63.76%CaO, 20.81%SiO2, 6.29%Fe2O3, 7.26%Al2O3, SO3
Ammonium sulfate= 45,913, diammonium phosphate= 15,652, KCl= 20,000
a. 800 ft3/hr; 22.67 m3/hr, b. 1.09mm
964.20
a. 29%, b. 18% xs
a. 57.24%, b. 50.2%
O2 sg= 1.45 mol, H2O= 8.5 mol
a. 20.72%, b. 87.68%, c. 216.57, d. 227.3, e. 2.95 inHg
CO2= 5.87 lbmol; H2O= 2.4 lbmol
5.92%
a. 6.67%, b. 3,214 lb
c. 7.22 MT
a. 23.3%, b. 4.54%
a. 27,000, b. 10,864.41, c. 21,559.32
11.01
CO2= 2 mol; O2 sg= 0.6 mol

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General Chemistry

1. Board Problem, January 1974

B. Write the structural formula and its derivatives

C. Atom of an element with atomic mass=207 and atomic number=82. Determine:

B. Give the balance equation and material required to produce 200 g of O 2.

What is the pH of 0.1M monoprotic acid solution which is 1.0% ionized?

4. Board Problem, October 1979

_____18. Metals are extracted from gangue in a blast furnace.

8. Board Problem, April 1979

a. Products of 2 different polymerizing units.

10. Board Problem May 1982

________1. Marsh gas.

13. Board Problem, October 1980

14. Board Problems, November 1982

a. Substances altering reaction rate

________7. Acetyl-Salicylic acid

15. Board Problem, May 1983

16. Board Problem, November 1983

c. Volume of gas at STP

38. Board Problem, November 1982

39. Board Problem, May 1983

53. Board Problem, November 1984

57. Board Problem, November 1983

61. Board Problem, May 1980

80. Board Problem, November 1985

97. Board Problem, May 1982

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