Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
v3 - January 2007
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Table of contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS....................................................................................... 3
1
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 7
EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT........................................................................17
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM...............................................................................25
9.1
Engine ............................................................................................................................................ 47
9.2
APU................................................................................................................................................ 49
9.3
10
11
12
13
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM.............................................................................67
14
LANDING GEAR......................................................................................71
14.1
14.2
Nicolas Mollet
-3-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
14.3
14.4
15
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.4
16
16.1
16.2
16.3
16.4
16.5
ADF................................................................................................................................................ 91
16.6
16.7
16.8
17
17.1
17.2
17.3
17.4
18
18.1
18.2
18.3
18.4
Nicolas Mollet
-4-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
18.5
18.6
18.7
19
COMMUNICATION ................................................................................117
19.1
19.2
20
LIMITATIONS ........................................................................................121
20.1
20.2
20.3
20.4
20.5
20.6
20.7
20.8
20.9
Nicolas Mollet
-5-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-6-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Introduction
This document has been based on personal notes during computer based training and
classroom sessions, experiences shared by instructors and the Aircraft Operating Manual
itself which has been used as backbone for this writing. Its purpose was not to present a
complete writing about the different subjects; it only contains key facts, enrichments and
some further explanation by the diagrams.
This is not an official document meaning that nothing of its contents may be used as
training purpose. In that case, please only refer to an official publication.
No further distribution is allowed as this manual contains copyright-protected material
such as diagrams from the F100 A.O.M.
Enjoy!
Nicolas Mollet
-7-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-8-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Aircraft general
( 60 pulses/min)
Nicolas Mollet
-9-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
The door is properly locked when the inboard door lock handle is pointing in the
direction of flight.
An indicator at the top left side of the door shows the door status:
Green indicates locked
Red indicates open
Mechanically connected to the locking mechanism is a vent flap; when the door is
locked, the flap is closed. The flap will dump the cabin pressure when the door is
unlatched.
In battery only conditions, the electrical lock of the flight deck door is removed
and the door can be opened from both sides. In this case the door can be locked
with the lock pin. There are 2 parts in the flight deck door. At the flight deck
side, the lower part of the door can be kicked out after the turn knob (under the
doorknob) is removed. The spring plate will drop and the panel can then be
removed.
In the event of an engine failure, all extended landing/taxi lights will retract
automatically except when the landing gear is down.
Front and slide windows are electrically heated, side windows are demisted.
There are 34 windows on the left-hand side and 33 on the right-hand side. The
cabin windows are a Perspex laminate and consist of inner and outer panels.
Cabin layout:
A total of 100 seats
20 seat rows:
o Two on the left side (A, C) of the aisle
o Three on the right side (D, E, F) of the aisle
The rows are numbered row 1 - 12 and 14 - 21, excluding row 13
Rows 12 and 14 have self help emergency exits
Nicolas Mollet
-10-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Seat restrictions:
< 30 passengers:
symmetrically about row 8; rows aft of row 16 are not used.
31-50 passengers:
symmetrically about row 10; rows aft of row 20 are not used.
>50 passengers:
symmetrically about row 12; all seats are available.
Overhead stowage compartments are fitted along the length of each side of the
cabin and are stressed to contain 85 kg of luggage each, with the exception of one
small compartment at row 1 (right side) which will take about 20 kg.
Area call lights are located forward and aft in the cabin ceiling:
Nicolas Mollet
-11-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
The F100 is fitted with an audible warning inhibit function below 400 feet. Any
attempt to contact the flight crew over the interphone will result in the call button
illuminating but the audible warning being inhibited.
Emergency lighting:
Exit lights:
-
Above the doors, above escape hatches, in the front of the cabin,
and in the passenger compartment aisle.
ON when landing gear down and when the emergency lights are in
armed position.
Standby lights:
-
Nicolas Mollet
-12-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Emergency lights:
-
Nicolas Mollet
With batteries fully loaded, the lights can illuminate for 30 minutes.
-13-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-14-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Alert messages:
a maximum of 11 alert messages can be displayed
LEVEL 3 in red, LEVEL 2 in amber
on LH MFDU
in descending order of priority
the last incoming is indicated by a pointer
> indicates the most recent failure; v means that this failure is on the next page
If 1 MFDU is inop, transfer between the DU is not possible if primary engine alert
is displayed on MFDU.
Nicolas Mollet
-15-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
5.
6.
7.
8.
Aural alerts generated by FWC ( SAP-generated aural alerts (cavalry charge and
clacker), GPWS) can be inhibited by depressing WARN AUDIO p/b.
Nicolas Mollet
-16-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Emergency equipment
-
Nicolas Mollet
-17-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
When mask is activated, the mask microphone becomes hot. Close container
doors and reset reset/test lever before regaining normal communication via
boom.
Nicolas Mollet
-18-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
ELT:
Nicolas Mollet
-19-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-20-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
When the combination of electrical and bleed-air loads exceeds the APU capacity,
bleed-air supply is decreased.
Landing with an APU fault leads to an automatic shutdown 60s after touchdown.
Unsuccessful start:
Start selector to OFF before attempting another start
Restarting inhibited till 30s after OFF selecting (= till RPM < 10% to
avoid damage), but wait 2 min for draining
Not more than 3 consecutive APU starts allowed
If no external power available, wait 70s before switching off the batteries after
APU shutdown.
Air supplies through air intake door (on top fuselage). Door closed if APU off. If
APU on:
15 on the ground
10 in flight
Air for oil cooling and ventilation ducted from inlet on fuselage: controlled with
ventilation (inlet) valve. Closed if:
APU off
APU fire
Nicolas Mollet
-21-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
LH Collector tank
Fuel
Control
Unit
Oil
Cooling
Fan
APU
Accessory
Exhaust
valve
gearbox
AC
Gen
Nicolas Mollet
-22-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
APU off:
All air and fuel valves close
30sec time delay in start system
Nicolas Mollet
-23-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Electrical system
-
As long as the batteries are the only electrical sources, a red AC SUPPLY light on
the SAP is on.
When AC external power is connected and within limits, the AVAIL light in the
external power p/b is on and the AC ground service bus is energized.
Table of priorities:
AC BUS 1
ESS AC
BUS
EMER AC
BUS
AC BUS 2
AC GND
SERV BUS
1
2
3
4
GEN 1
EXT PWR
APU GEN
GEN 2
GEN 1
GEN 2
APU GEN
EXT PWR
ESS AC BUS
EMER INV
-
GEN 2
EXT PWR
APU GEN
GEN 1
AC BUS 2
EXT PWR
-
DC
BUS 1
BAT
BUS 1
ESS DC
BUS
EMER
DC BUS
BAT
BUS 2
DC
BUS 2
DC GND
SERV
BUS
TRU 1
BAT 1
ESS TRU
ESS TRU
BAT2
TRU 2
TRU 2*
DC BUS 1
DC BUS 1
TRU 1*
BATs
DC EXT
PWR
GND
SERV TRU
-
3
(*) manual operation (DC X-TIE)
Nicolas Mollet
-25-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
In flight during single generator operation, the galley busses are automatically deenergized.
Nicolas Mollet
-26-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-27-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-28-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-29-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-30-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Fuel system
-
The center tank and each wing tank contain 2 electrically driven fuel pumps.
Fuel from the center tank is transferred to the wing tanks. When the collector
tank is full, the excess fuel flows into the outer tank.
With 1 pump operating in the center tank, a normally closed transfer valve will open to
allow fuel transfer from the operating pump to both collector tanks.
FAULT in
pump p/b
LoP
Nicolas Mollet
-31-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
AUTO FEED MAN = fuel transfer to collector tank as soon as a center tank pump
is switched ON.
Note:
We can select CTR TK fuel pumps on before departure when operating in
AUTOFEED. Even with full wing tanks. CTR TK pumps will only start operating
when the fuel level in the wing tanks is below a predetermined level. So no fuel will
be pumped overboard.
Each pump in the collector tank has sufficient capacity to supply one engine in all
thrust conditions or both engines in climb and cruise conditions.
Fuel asymmetry alert if > 350 kg and disappears if < 250 kg.
Nicolas Mollet
-32-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Pump L1 or R1 inop:
Pump L2 or R2 inop:
Flapper valves provide gravity feed if the jet-pumps fail. Level in the collector
tank will be equal to that of the main tanks.
When the fuel quantity drops < 100 kg, LO + numerals (flashing) will be shown
on the corresponding fuel quantity display.
Nicolas Mollet
14 kg unusable fuel
120 kg unusable fuel
-33-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-34-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Power plant
-
Figure 8-1: Rolls Royce Tay twin spool, bypass turbofan engine
LP-spool
1-3-3
N1 (LP rpm)
Nicolas Mollet
-35-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
HP-spool
12-2
N2 (HP rpm)
The engine is started by an air starter motor which drives the HP shaft via the high
speed gearbox.
Nicolas Mollet
-36-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Oil pump
Filter
Temp. bulb
(info to FWC + MFDS)
Single pressure
Pump driven by high
speed gear box
Engine bearings
and
gear boxes
Oil-fuel cooler
Scavenge
Pumps
Filters
Oil
Tank
de-aerator
chip detector
Starting:
-
Supply:
pneumatic power
electrical power (AC power or batteries)
Air can be supplied to starter motor when the electrically operated starter valve is
open =
Nicolas Mollet
-37-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Upon moving the start selector, the air conditioning packs are shut-off and the
output of hydraulic and pneumatic power from the respective engine is inhibited.
During engine start with battery power only, hydraulic and pneumatic power
inhibit, and automatic air conditioning shut-off is not provided.
Start sequence:
1. Ignition switch in NORMAL
2. START p/b ON (electrical power is available on the start system)
3. Start selector 1 or 2. This will open the starter valve (= air entering from
APU, EXT or other engine to starter motor)
4. HP spool starts rotating
5. At min 15% N2 + N1>0, select fuel lever open (= fuel + ignition)
6. At 43% N2: starter valve shuts (red & amber limit jump on TGT)
7. After starting both engines: START p/b OFF
HP shaft
High Speed
Gearbox
APU
EXT
Air Starter
Motor
Control Valve
Other engine
Nicolas Mollet
-38-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Ignition:
43% N2
Nicolas Mollet
-39-
Fokker 100
EMER DC BUS
Key Facts
NORM
CONT 1
continuous ignition of selected plug
ESS DC BUS
CONT 2
EMER DC BUS
ESS DC BUS
RELIGHT
FAULT in engine START p/b: starter valve not closed after engine start.
The fuel system is a mechanical all-speed governing system which controls fuel
flow automatically to maintain a selected N2.
When the flight control lock is on, forward thrust lever movement is limited to
approx 80 % N2.
MAN EPR: if both AT channels fail or if both AT p/bs are manually selected off,
an EPR target (for pilot reference) can be set manually.
Nicolas Mollet
-40-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Pressure differential
switch
TLA
N2
HP compressor inlet & outlet pressures
Nicolas Mollet
-41-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
N1 governer:
F
U
E
L
FUEL
Nozzle
N1 turns the governer. In case of N1 overspeed; fuel is inhibited
Figure 8-9: N1 Governer
N2 < 43%
EMUX
OR
Engine Out
EFSU
AND
Nicolas Mollet
-42-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Engine indications:
Oil Quantity is displayed from 15 min after both engines out till START
p/b has been depressed.
Fuel Used is set to zero when on the ground the START p/b is depressed
OR when secondary page MFDU is turned OFF and ON on the ground.
When an engine has to be shut down, depress either AT disconnect button before
retarding the thrust lever. When the engine has been shut down, ATS can be reengaged after positioning the thrust lever of the inoperative engine adjacent to the
thrust lever of the live engine.
The max range speed for engines out is the green dot speed. The green dot speed
increases with weight and/or altitude and is equal to VFTO and above 15000 ft
increased by 2 kt/1000 ft.
For the max range speed the still air descent distance (engines out) is approx 3 nm
for each 1000 ft altitude lost.
With the VIB p/b set to ALTN a subsequent high vibration will only be indicated
by a single chime and the MFDS, the VIB HI light on the overhead ENGINE
panel will not come on.
Nicolas Mollet
-43-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
If TGT start limit (740 C) has not been exceeded, a second start may be
attempted. Normal use of the starter is limited to 4 attempts with a maximum of 2
minutes per attempt. Observe 30 seconds rundown time between each attempt.
After 4 attempts delay use of the starter for at least 15 minutes.
Light-up should normally occur within 5 to 10 seconds after selecting the fuel
lever to OPEN.
APU bleed air pressure required for engine starting: 25 35 PSI at sea level.
In case of a high TGT during start, shut the fuel lever and select START p/b OFF
after 30 seconds.
In case an engine fails during take-off in PROF, MCT is set automatically via
ATS upon reaching the single-engine climb speed.
Nicolas Mollet
-44-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Icing conditions are present when visible moisture is present, such as clouds or
fog with low visibility, rain, snow, sleet, ice crystals or with standing water, ice or
snow present on the ground and when:
OAT (TAT) is below +6 C down to and including -25 C on the ground (in
flight)
Nicolas Mollet
-45-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-46-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Fire protection
9.1
Engine
Dual sensing element loops. Both loops must report a fire condition to the FWC
before triggering an alert.
Electrically detonated cartridges to let detonate rupture disc to fire the bottle.
When pulling the handle, check Agent Low Pressure on. Also ON when rupture
disc is broken due to e.g. overpressure (caused by e.g. high ambient
temperatures).
During fire warning test, the white fuel lever warning light will not come on if in
SHUT position.
Nicolas Mollet
-47-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
FWC
MFDS
Fuel levers
(white light)
SENSOR
ELEMENTS
FDCU
Fire Detection
Control Unit
(aft avionics bay)
Temperature sensitive material
If T R
Figure 9-2: Engine fire detection
In case of a faulty loop; fire detection will be inoperative as long as faulty loop
has not been switched OFF manually.
Nicolas Mollet
-48-
Fokker 100
9.2
Key Facts
APU
Fire shut-off valve in the fuel system closes automatically and APU shuts down.
If the aircraft is on the ground a warning horn, located in the nose wheel well,
sounds also (inhibited during APU fire test).
Bottle discharged 5 seconds after the warning in order to close the APU inlet door
and vent valve.
Nicolas Mollet
-49-
Fokker 100
9.3
Key Facts
Fwd and aft cargo compartment each have dual smoke detectors.
Two extinguisher bottles are installed for the fwd and aft cargo compartment:
Agent 1: high rate discharge bottle
Agent 2: low rate discharge bottle
Selecting DISCH 1 causes immediate total discharge of agent 1 into the selected
compartment. Simultaneously agent 2 is discharged into the selected
compartment at a reduce flow rate to maintain a minimum extinguishing agent
concentration.
Selecting DISCH 2 will discharge the same agent 1 and agent 2, however the
power supplies for discharging are interchanged for redundancy.
The agent 1 low pressure light (LO1) comes on within seconds after selecting
DISCH 1 or DISCH 2 and the agent 2 low pressure light (LO2) remains off for
approx 60 min due to the reduced flow rate.
One fire-extinguisher bottle is installed in the waste container area in each toilet
compartment. If there is a fire in the waste container, the agent will discharge
automatically into the waste container.
Nicolas Mollet
-50-
Fokker 100
10
Key Facts
Bleed-air system
TAIL
ANTI-ICE
Single walled
duct
ENG 1
MANIFOLD
ENG 2
APU
GND SRV
ENG 1 STARTING
ENG 2 STARTING
ENG 1 ANTI-ICE
ENG 2 ANTI-ICE
AIR COND
&
PRESS
WING
ANTI-ICE
Pack valves
WATER
RESERVOIR
HYDRAULIC
RESERVOIR
LP bleed is used in any flight condition except idling. During idling, the HP
bleed valve opens fully to supply pressure while the LP valve is closed.
Nicolas Mollet
-51-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Inhibition:
60 seconds after TOGA selection
Continuously when either thrust lever is selected to maximum take-off
position
-
Conclusion:
HP valve open:
During idling (N2 range up to 80%)
Anti-ice ON
PR/SOV:
Pressure Regulating and Shut-Off Valve
Will limit downstream pressure
Controls 55 5 PSI
Controlled by bleed p/b
OP/SOV:
Over Pressure and Shut-Off Valve
Will limit downstream pressure in case of a failure of the OP/SOV
Closes if pressure > 70 2.5 PSI
Closes if fire handle is pulled
Overheat:
closes respective HP bleed
closes respective PR/SOV
Level 1 alert: Bleed 1(2)
remark: OP/SOV remains open to provide bleed-air from the other engine anti-icing
Leakage:
closes respective HP bleed
closes respective PR/SOV
closes respective OP/SOV
Level 1 alert: Bleed 1(2) duct leak
remark: Engine anti-icing on the affected side will be inoperative although airframe anti-icing
remains available.
Nicolas Mollet
-52-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
12th stage
7th stage
Nicolas Mollet
-53-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
APU delivers air as long as pressure is greater than 12th stage. Increasing thrust
lever decreases APU supply.
Nicolas Mollet
-54-
15 49 PSI
25 PSI
Fokker 100
11
-
Key Facts
PACK 2
Cabin (70 %)
PACK 1
Pack valve is open when relevant p/b is blank + following conditions are met:
Bleed-air pressure > 10 PSI
No pack overheat condition
No Auto Shut-off has occurred
-
(*) Auto shut-off function due to engine failure can be manually deactivated with the Air
Conditioning Auto Shut p/b.
Flow control:
Nicolas Mollet
Normal flow:
Economy flow:
o Manual selection (with ECON p/b):
- Both pack valves must be open
- Automatically controlled cabin temperature is within a preset
range from the selected temperature
-55-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
o Automatic selection
- During take-off, normal flow is restored approx one minute
after lift-off
- When TOGA is activated the economy flow is maintained for
60 seconds
- If an engine fails/shut down above 13 500 ft with thrust lever
> MIN TO
- As long as max T/O thrust is selected
Note: Inhibited when both temperature control p/bs are in manual mode.
Augmented flow:
Only available when one pack is manually switched OFF. The
remaining pack valve will open fully.
Auto Shut-OFF
ECON
Nicolas Mollet
-56-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
NORM
ECON
Augmented mode
AUGM
CLSD
LP
Conditioned air
Right fwd side of a/c
Only pack 2 intake has
a RAM AIR connection
Nicolas Mollet
-57-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
In AUTO the control valves are automatically modulated to obtain the selected
temperature. In MAN the selector knob directly controls the valve position.
There is no temperature control, so the pilot has to monitor the temperature and
adjust the control knob as necessary.
Remark: There is no indication of a failure of the AUTO-mode. Only a too
high/low temperature.
ECON:
Reduces APU fuel consumption + APU TGT
Reduces fuel consumption in flight by 0.5 %
Nicolas Mollet
-58-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Protections:
Automatic:
. The controller limits the differential pressure to 7.46 PSI
. A cabin altitude of 8000 ft can be maintained at 35 000 ft.
Manual:
. The outflow valves limit the max differential pressure to 7.65 PSI
. Altitude limiting is provided at 13 500 1500 ft.
. The cabin alt limiter will close both outflow valves.
Dual channel pressurization controller of which one active and one inactive.
Alternated:
After each landing
After each power interruption
Manually by pressing PRESS CONTROL p/b twice
Should the active channel fail
Nicolas Mollet
-59-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-60-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Operation:
1.
2.
3.
Select land altitude (cabin altitude will now be established for different
flight phases)
Door closed + engines running: airport elev. 70 ft
Thrust levers forward: airport elev. 200 ft
In case of RTO
4.
5.
Normal TO
If destination elevation > departure elevation
4.
5.
6.
Nicolas Mollet
-61-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Normal cruise
8.
9.
When the aircraft reaches cruise altitude, cabin reaches cruise altitude
(according to schedule) and remains steady for 10 minutes.
After 10 minutes cabin descends towards destination airport altitude:
limited by max diff. pressure stabilizes at this altitude
OR
selected altitude is reached
Descent
10. Cabin descents according to the descent schedule (differential pressure and
cabin altitude decreases).
Rate of cabin altitude change is determined by pressurization controller with a
maximum of 300 FPM if rate selector is in neutral
Avionics compartment, main instrument panel, glare shield and pedestal are
cooled by the avionics cooling system:
3 blower fans
3 suction fans
1 emergency cooling fan
The EFIS emergency cooling fan will automatically be activated in case of:
an inoperative avionics cooling
when operating on battery power only
Nicolas Mollet
-62-
Fokker 100
12
Key Facts
FAULT in p/b
LO CPTY (*)
Nacelle L/E
(Flexible tip)
LO CPTY (*)
Leading edge
horizontal
Leading edge
stabilizer
FAULT
in
p/b
(*) No local lights, only MFDU message
Nicolas Mollet
-63-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-64-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
In case of a PITOT 1 (2) FAULT, switch on the other AP, switch ADC and FCC
to ALTN and select AT and STAB TRIM switches on FAC of the affected side
OFF.
In flight, icing conditions are present when TAT is below +6 C down to and
including -25 C and visible moisture is present
In case of late engine anti-ice system activation, select RELIGHT ignition prior to
wing anti-icing activation.
Level 1 alert triggered as soon as ice deposit on ice detector reaches 0.5 mm.
Nicolas Mollet
-65-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-66-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
13
Hydraulic system
2
LH Aileron
RH Aileron
Rudder
Elevator
Stabilizer
Priority
Valve
Speed brake
Thrust reversers
Normal braking
system
Landing gear
Nose-wheel steering
Alternate braking (incl. parking brake)
Flaps
Lift dumpers
To equalize the fluid level in the tanks on the ground a transfer system is installed.
In the fluid transfer line a transfer valve is installed.
To ensure equal air pressure in the tanks, the top of the tanks are interconnected.
In the tank air pressure connection line a shut-off valve is installed.
Both valves normally closed and will open for a pre-set time with the aircraft
on the ground and both:
o At least one engine running
o Parking brake set
Nicolas Mollet
-67-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
LO QTY
FAULT
System pressure:
3000
Nicolas Mollet
-68-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Priority valve:
All systems below the priority valve incorporate an alternate system.
Priority valve activated if pressure
Priority valve de-activated if pressure
LO QTY alert if :
System 1:
System 2:
FAULT in ENGINE PUMP p/b if pump output pressure is < 2400 PSI ( system
pressure).
Filters:
High pressure filter downstream of the engine pumps (no bypass possible)
Low pressure filter in the return lines (with bypass-facility)
If prior engine start the alternate brake pressure is below 1000 PSI,
switch ELEC PUMP of HYDR SYS 1 on until pressure is approx 3000 PSI
Nicolas Mollet
-69-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-70-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
14
Landing gear
14.1
Nicolas Mollet
-71-
Fokker 100
14.2
Key Facts
Nose-wheel steering
When the LG is selected up, the nose wheels are hydraulically centered.
Nicolas Mollet
-72-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Depressurizes system
for towing
purposes
> 76
depressurizes system
till again < 76
(hydraulically)
Nicolas Mollet
-73-
Fokker 100
14.3
Key Facts
In the event of loss of system 1 pressure, the accumulator in the alternate brake
system will provide 6 brake applications.
Brake unit:
Carbon fibre
Self adjusting
Brake wear indicator
Thermocouple (temperature measurement)
Speed sensors for anti-skid system
Nicolas Mollet
-74-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-75-
Fokker 100
14.4
-
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-76-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
15
Flight controls
15.1
15.1.1
General
PILOT
Actuator (piston)
Surface moves
SERVO
Artificial feel:
Incorporated in ailerons and rudder
Proportional to rate of input
Not required in horizontal stabilizer and elevator (aerodynamic load
already felt)
If hydraulic system 1 or 2 should fail, the local FAULT lights of the respective
flight controls are inhibited. The lights are not inhibited for a complete hydraulic
system failure.
15.1.2
Ailerons
20 in either direction.
If one aileron actuator becomes depressurized, the servo tab (control tab) will
unlock to assist in manual operation of the affected aileron.
Nicolas Mollet
-77-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
If hydraulic pressure is not available, both servo tabs are unlocked and are
operated by control wheel movement. The ailerons are then operated by the servo
tabs.
-
15.1.3
Rudder
33 in either direction.
Rudder authority at high speed is reduced by a rudder limiter which uses airspeed
information from both ADCs to reduce the hydraulic pressure at the rudder
actuator.
Automatic mode:
o
o
Manual mode:
In the event of a rudder limiter failure, a low or a high speed mode can
be manually selected when the rudder limiter p/b is depressed to MAN:
The system will default to:
o
o
Nicolas Mollet
-78-
Fokker 100
15.1.4
Key Facts
Elevator
25 up and 15 down
15.1.5
Stabilizer
Nicolas Mollet
-79-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Controlled by FAS
(automatically in AP ON or with stabilizer trim switches on steering column)
(FAS fails)
Nicolas Mollet
-80-
Fokker 100
15.2
Key Facts
15.2.1
Flaps
15.2.2
-
Speed brake
Automatic retraction:
When TOGA triggers activated
Maximum forward thrust position is select (wind shear
recovery)
Nicolas Mollet
-81-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
15.2.3
Lift dumpers
Manual operation of lift dumpers: when reverse thrust levers are raised.
Accumulators provide pressure to extend and retract the lift dumpers once in case
of hydraulic failure.
Nicolas Mollet
-82-
Fokker 100
15.3
-
Key Facts
> 20 250 ft
- Controlled by stall protection enhancement units
- Activation when airspeed drops to VSS (calculated by the FCCs)
- If both protection enhancement units fail, the stick shaker function
would still be performed by the stall protection computers. In this
case the margin between the moment of stick shaker actuation and
actual stall will be reduced
Stick pusher:
Pneumatic operated stick shaker
Both stall protection computers must detect a stall condition
Inhibition:
- Till 45 sec after lift-off
- During wind shear recovery
GPWS inhibit during operations
Nicolas Mollet
-83-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
15.4
-
(*) will not initiate the alert in case of the TAKE-OFF CONF test.
Nicolas Mollet
-84-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
16
16.1
2 temperature probes.
Dashes on Barometric reference display indicated that the offside ADC supplies
the onside system.
Never transfer to offside ADC (source select P/B) for electrical problems (or
smoke).
Nicolas Mollet
-85-
Fokker 100
16.2
Key Facts
Initialization is possible with both the FMS CDU and the ISDU.
During alignment and when the mode selector at the ISDU is in HDG/STS, the
time to nav is displayed from 7 to 0 minutes.
Notes:
1. The mode selector should remain in ALN when entering a new
position.
2. As long as the ALIGN-light remains on, the aircraft should not be
moved.
Nicolas Mollet
-86-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
A yaw rate sensor provides information for AFCAS to ensure yaw damper
operation in case of an IRS failure.
Never transfer to offside ATT/HDG (source select P/B) for electrical problems (or
smoke).
IRS 1 is connected to the EMER DC BUS and can be battery powered. IRS 2
uses battery power only for power-down in the OFF mode.
During IRS shutdown (OFF mode), the IRSs store status and PPOS data in
non-volatile memory.
Figure 16-2: Inertial System Display Unit & Mode Select Unit
Nicolas Mollet
-87-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
16.3
Weather radar
(OR)
Order of intensity:
green
yellow
red
magenta (in WX/T only to indicated turbulence within 50 nm)
Nicolas Mollet
-88-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
WX/T only possible if range 60 is selected and can only detect < 50 NM.
TFR: to display offside WXR info (with selected mode, gain and tilt).
Receiver Gain: for optimum weather and terrain mapping details (in WX, WX/T
and MAP).
Antenna is stabilized for pitch and roll by a drive mechanism using data from IRS
1 + manual selection for 15 up/down.
Nicolas Mollet
-89-
Fokker 100
16.4
Key Facts
VOR frequency range: 108.00 MHz to 117.95 MHz with 0.05 MHz or 50 kHz
spacing.
ILS frequency range: 108.00 MHZ to 111.95 MHz with 0.05 MHz or 50 kHz
spacing.
1 ILS panel but 2 localizer antennas, 2 glide slope antennas and 2 receivers.
In the event of an ILS failure, the offside ILS can be selected with the source
select p/b.
Nicolas Mollet
-90-
Fokker 100
16.5
Key Facts
ADF
ADF frequency range is between 190 kHz and 1750 kHz and can be selected in
steps of 0.5 kHz.
Nicolas Mollet
-91-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
16.6
Mode A and mode C replies are inhibited whilst the aircraft is on the ground.
A new code becomes active 5 seconds after entering except when pushing IDENT
where the new ATC-code will be transmitted immediately.
TCAS surveillance range: 40 nm, vertical range 9900 ft above and below the
aircraft.
TCAS categories:
Resolution Advisory (RA) traffic:
Other warnings:
TRAFFIC OFF SCALE on ND
TRAFFIC on ND (= traffic display not selected on EFIS ctl panel or
ARC/PLAN selected)
Nicolas Mollet
-92-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Proximate traffic:
Non-threat traffic within 6 nm horizontal and 1200 ft vertical
detected in TA/RA & TA
Solid blue diamond
Other traffic:
Non-threat traffic outside Proximate traffic range but within approx 2700
ft vertical
detected in TA/RA & TA
Open blue diamond
Altitude limits can be selected:
o ABV: from 9900 ft above to 2700 ft below current altitude
o N: from 2700 ft above to 2700 ft below current altitude
o BLW: from 2700 ft above tot 9900 ft below current altitude
-
Flight Identification light (FID): if FID selected and flashing when entering a FID
code.
In case of RA, disconnect AP and follow PFD pitch cue (do not use FD in V/S).
When CLEAR OF CONFLICT, select AP on. The AP will engage in either the
default V/S mode or ALT capture. Do not select LVLCH as the aircraft will first
accelerate before intercepting the desired vertical path.
Nicolas Mollet
-93-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-94-
Fokker 100
16.7
Key Facts
Radio Altimeter
In case of a failure, the offside RA can be selected with source select p/b.
Nicolas Mollet
-95-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
16.8
-
Operates automatically whenever 1 fuel lever is open. Before engine start, the
system may be operated by depressing FDR/CVR GND CTL p/b. Operation is
indicated by an ON light in the p/b till engine start.
Nicolas Mollet
-96-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
17
17.1
The display units from EFIS 1 provide a DH passage output to the GPWS.
M/DA
> 2500 ft AGL
DH
< 2500 ft AGL
Selected DH
=0
Selected DH
0
DH displayed at PFD
Selected
M/DA 0
M/DA
displayed at
PFD
DH displayed at PFD
Nicolas Mollet
-97-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-98-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
17.2
-
Nicolas Mollet
-99-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Clock:
o The clock installed at the captains side provides a GMT output to the
flight data recording and flight management system
o Electrically powered by 28V DC emergency bus
Stand-by horizon
o Powered when either FUEL lever is opened.
o The gyro reaches operational speed approximately one minute after power
has been applied.
Stand-by compass
o Compass light powered by 28V DC emergency bus
Nicolas Mollet
-100-
Fokker 100
17.3
Key Facts
17.3.1
Basic GPWS
Event
Aural warning
Mode 1
Mode 2
TERRAIN TERRAIN
PULL UP
Mode 3
Mode 4
Inhibit:
Guarded FLAP OVERRIDE switch;
when a landing has to be made with less
than landing flaps
Mode 5
.
Descent below ILS glide slope
Visual
warning
Two red
GPWS-lights
Two amber
GS-lights
MINIMUMS, FIVE
HUNDRED, ONE
HUNDRED, FIFTY,
FORTY, THIRTY,
TWENTY, TEN or
BANK ANGLE BANK
ANGLE
N/A
Inhibit:
Warning can be inhibited when a/c is
deliberately flown below the glide slope
during final approach
< 1000 ft RA. Mode rearms passing
1000 ft RA in a climb,
30 ft RA in descent or when other ILS
frequency selected.
Mode 6
touchdown
Nicolas Mollet
-101-
Fokker 100
17.3.2
Key Facts
Event
Description
Warning
Nicolas Mollet
-102-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
In case of terrain awareness caution or warning the terrain awareness display will
automatically pop-up, provided ARC or MAP mode is selected and the WX
control knob at the respective EFIS control panel is out of the OFF position.
TAWS inhibit p/b at each pilots instrument panel will not inhibit the basic
GPWS mode 1 thru 6.
Nicolas Mollet
-103-
Fokker 100
17.4
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-104-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
18
18.1
General
AFCAS
Automatic Flight
Control and
Augmentation
System
Autopilot
Nicolas Mollet
AFCS
Automatic Flight
Control System
ATS
Autothrottle System
Flight Director
Altitude Alerting
-105-
FAS
Flight
Augmentation
System
Yaw Damping
Stabilizer Trim
Fokker 100
18.2
Key Facts
Upon LAND capture (= established on the beam and below 1500 ft AGL), both
APs will engage:
no ILS frequency and localizer course changes are possible
no LAND engagement if glide is intercepted below 1000 ft AGL
below 500 ft AGL, speed window will be dashed
Using AP disconnect bar directly interrupts the FCC output to the AP servos.
Note: During manual flight with both FDs on, FD 1 will capture VOR 1, FD 2
will be biased out of view.
Table 4: Side in control
Nicolas Mollet
-106-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
In AFCAS:
LVLCH p/b
pulling ALT knob
In PROF:
LVLCH p/b
When in ARC/ROSE and VOR selected; selecting MAP at the side in control
after VOR capture results in a VOR mode failure.
If PROF is armed on the ground, it will capture upon reaching Thrust Reduction
Altitude.
PROF may not be used independently of NAV during descent and initial
approach.
Nicolas Mollet
-107-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
AFCAS TARGET:
AFCAS unable to reach or maintain selected value.
AFCAS MODE:
AFCAS reverted to basic mode (VS and HDG). The affected mode will flash
amber at the FMA, both FDs will be flagged and the AP reverts tot the HDG
and V/S mode. To regain the FDs and to cancel the flashing amber mode at
the FMA, pull or push the HDG knob at the FMP.
AFCAS SPEED:
Selected or actual speed too high for autoland.
Nicolas Mollet
-108-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
18.3
Autothrottle system
Each AT channel drives its own thrust lever. If one AT channel fails the
operative channel will drive both thrust levers via a tie-clutch.
LL is variable and depends on bleed air demand for pressurization and anti-icing.
Thrust levers incorporate force override. When released, thrust levers restore
previous position except in LVLCH descent when adjusting throttles forward.
Nicolas Mollet
-109-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
18.4
18.4.1
VMA protection
TO and GA
1,20 VS
Other phases
1,30 VS
Transition is 20s after LVLCH or PROF capture in TO
At 15250 ft
1,45 VS
Linear increase to FL 350
1,62 VS
Nicolas Mollet
-110-
Fokker 100
18.4.2
-
Key Facts
18.4.3
Nicolas Mollet
-111-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
18.4.4
If:
18.4.5
During approaches in gusty wind conditions ATS will control to a speed not below
VMA + 8 kts.
18.4.6
Altitude alerting
Nicolas Mollet
GS captured
gear down
drift down
reacting to TCAS RA (only aural altitude alert is inhibited, altitude scale
still amber)
-112-
Fokker 100
18.5
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-113-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
18.6
18.6.1
Controls for yaw dampers are located at the Flight Augmentation Panel (FAP).
18.6.2
Nicolas Mollet
-114-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-115-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
18.7
-
Annunciation:
o
Nicolas Mollet
-116-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
19
Communication
19.1
General
Two loudspeakers are installed in the flightdeck ceiling. When the hand-mike or
boom-mike is used, both loudspeakers are muted. The loudspeakers are not
muted when oxygen-mask mike is in use.
Nicolas Mollet
-117-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Frequency range of VHF COM box: 118.00 to 136.990 MHz with 8.33 kHz
channel spacing.
Nicolas Mollet
-118-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
Nicolas Mollet
-119-
Fokker 100
19.2
Key Facts
Records last 30 minutes of flight deck audio (+ audio from remote area
microphone) on a continuous magnetic tape.
Automatic from engine start (or upon pressing FDR/CVR GND CTL p/b) until 5
minutes after shutdown.
By pressing the FDR/CVR GND CTL p/b, the ON light comes on till either
engine is started.
ERASE button can only be used on the ground with the parking brake set.
Nicolas Mollet
-120-
Fokker 100
Key Facts
20
Limitations
20.1
General limitations
20.2
8000 ft
Weight limitations
MTW:
44 680 kg
MTOW:
44 450 kg
MLW:
39 915 kg
MZFW:
36 740 kg
20.3
Speed limitations
VMO/MMO:
320 kt / M 0.77
VRA/MRA:
250 kt / M 0.65
VFE:
Flaps 8
Flaps 15 & 25
Flaps 42
35000 ft
VLO/VLE:
250 kt
220 kt
180 kt
20000 ft
200 kt
25000 ft
170 kt
160 kt
Nicolas Mollet
-121-
Fokker 100
20.4
Key Facts
Weather limitations
35 kt
10 kt
20.5
Condition
During start
Max takeoff
Max continuous
Max TGT
740 C
850 C
795 C
Time limit
momentary
5 minutes (*)
unrestricted
(*) In the event of an engine failure, the remaining engine may be operated at takeoff thrust for a maximum
total period of 10 minutes.
20.6
20.7
7 744 kg (= 2 x 3872)
2 512 kg
10 256 kg
AFCAS limitations
Nicolas Mollet
-122-
35 ft
500 ft
700 ft
250 ft
80 ft
0 ft
200 ft
Fokker 100
20.8
-
Key Facts
Navigations limitations
The FMS may not be used:
above 70 north latitude
below 60 south latitude
20.9
Miscellaneous
The WX radar may not be used on the ground except to assess takeoff flight path
conditions provided the distance to ground vehicles, aircraft, buildings or
personnel is more than 10 meters.
Take-off flap setting 0 is not allowed if more than 25% of the runway is covered
with:
3
mm standing water
3,5 mm slush
6
mm wet loose snow
15 mm dry loose snow
Take-off flap setting 8 or 15 is not allowed if more than 25% of the runway is
covered with:
12,7 mm
standing water
15 mm
slush
25,4 mm
wet loose snow
63,5 mm
dry loose snow
Nicolas Mollet
-123-