Ahmed - Yokel 1

Mohammed Ahmed and Caleb Yokel

9A GAT
Mr. Acre
30 May 2014
Part One : Introduction
We were given a great opportunity to prove ourselves to you Mrs. Copeland. You wanted
a beautiful tower built for you. We decided to build you the Freedom Tower. This tower is the
recreation of the Twin Towers. Although this is just one tower, we built a prototype for you to see
what it will look like. If you wish, you may build the second tower exactly like our prototype.
You gave us a plot size of 22 ft by 22 ft. You also wanted it to be 3 ft in from each side with 14
sides.
Part Two : The 14 Sided Polygon Maximized on the Plot

Figure 1. Aerial View of Polygons

Figure 1 shows the each one of the four necessary polygons needed inside of the
perimeter. The original plot size that you gave us was 22 ft x 22 ft. Since you told us that we

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cannot build anything within 3 ft of the boundaries of the plot, we had to push in each side by 3.
The new area that we had to work with is 16 ft x 16 ft. This was found by subtracting 3 from
each side (22 minus 3 from each side : 22-6).

Polygon One
Figure 2. Polygon One
Figure 2 shows the farthest out 14 sided polygon, along with a triangle, and half a triangle
broken out.
First the central angle of the polygon had to be found. Since there are
14 sides, to find the central angle, 360 has to be divided by 14. 360/14
25.71. Now that the central angle has been found, the process to find the area of the polygon can
continue. The central angle has to be divided by two since the triangle is broken into two pieces. The new
angle is 12.86. Since the diameter is 16 (as shown in Figure 1.), the radius has to be 8. In this case the
hypotenuse is the radius. Using sin, the length of one of the sides of the 14 sided polygon can be found.
The formula for sin is sin() = opposite/hypotenuse. Plugging in the given information, sin(12.86) =

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opposite/8, of the side length can be found. 8sin(12.86) 1.78. Now by using cos, the

height of the triangle can be found. The formula for cos is cos() =
adjacent/hypotenuse. In this situation it is cos(12.86) = adjacent/8. 8cos(12.86) 7.80. This is the

height of the triangle. The area of a triangle is (base)(height). (1.78)

(7.80) 6.94. Since half of the triangle was used, the area of this triangle
has to be multiplied by 28. 6.94*28 194.379 ft squared. This is the area of
polygon 1, the largest 14 sided polygon.
Polygon Two

Figure 3. Polygon Two

Figure 2. Shows the second largest 14 sided polygon, along with a triangle, and half a
triangle broken out.
Since the central angle has already been found, the length of one of the sides can be
found. Since each polygon goes in by 1 foot at the height, the height is the number that gets
subtracted from. The new height is 6.80. Using tangent, the length of one side can be found. The
formula for tangent is tan() = opposite/adjacent. Since the angle measure has
already been found, it can be plugged into the formula. tan(12.86) =
opposite/6.80. 6.80tan(12.86) 1.55. This is the length of the side of the

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triangle. Now by using the area formula of a triangle, which is (base)

(height) the area can be found. (1.55)(6.80) 5.28. Since this is also half
of the actual triangle, it has to multiplied by 28. This is because there are 14
sides. 5.28*28 147.73 ft squared. This is the area of polygon two.
Polygon Three

Figure 4. Polygon Three

Figure 4. Shows the third 14 sided polygon, along with a triangle, and half a triangle
broken out.
Since we know the new polygon goes in 1 foot from the previous
polygon the new height is 5.80. In this case, tangent can be used again to
find out the side lengths, in order to calculate the area of this polygon. As
mentioned earlier, the tangent formula is tan() = opposite/adjacent.
tan(12.86) = opposite/5.80. 5.80tan(12.86) 1.32. This is the length of the
side. Now by plugging in the area formula of a triangle, the area can be
calculated. The formula is (base)(height). (1.32)(5.80) 3.84. This

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number has to be multiplied by 28, since this triangle was also cut into half.
3.84*28 = 107.472. The area of polygon three is 107.472 ft squared.

Polygon Four

Figure 5. Polygon Four

Figure 5. Shows the smallest 14 sided polygon, along with a triangle, and half a triangle
broken out.
The height of polygon three was 5.80. This means that the height of
polygon four has to be 4.80. This is because each height goes in by 1 feet
for each polygon. In this case, tangent can also be used to calculate the
area. The formula for tangent is tan() = opposite/adjacent. tan(12.86) =

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opposite/4.80. 4.80tan(12.86) = 1.10. This is the length of the base of the

triangle. Now the area of this half triangle can be found. (1.10)(4.80)
2.63. Now this has to be multiplied by 28, since the triangle was cut into half.
2.63*28 = 73.604 ft squared. This is the area of the smallest polygon.

Part 3 : Volume of the Concrete Needed for the Footing and the Floor

Figure 6. Plexiglass Floor Volume of the Footing

To calculate the volume of the footing, first the volume of polygon one
must be calculated. Since the area of polygon one is 194.38 ft then you
subtract the end of polygon 4s area which is 73.60 ft which is 120.77
then you take the area of polygon 1 - polygon 4 and multiply that by the
depth of 3.5 ft which is 422.71. The footing is 422.71 ft squared.

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To calculate the volume of the floor, the area of polygon 4 is needed. It

is 73.60. Next it must be multiplied by 4. This is the thickness of the floor.
Once it is multiplied, you will get the answer 294.40 ft squared.
To find the volume of the aquarium in the footing, polygon 4 is needed.
The area of polygon 4 is 73.6. The depth which is 3.5 ft, is then multiplied
by 73.6 to get 257.614. The water will only be filled up to 75% of the
volume of the aquarium which is 257.61 / .75 193.211 ft cubed.
The cost for the concrete for the footing of the base is going to be $115
per cubic yard. The footing is 422.71 / 3 140.90 * 3 = $16204 is how
much the footing will cost.
The cost for the plexiglass needed for the floor is $1100 per 48 x 96 x 4 the plexiglass
floor that is needed for the freedom tower is 9 x 9 x 4. 48 x 96 x 4 = 18432 and 9 x 9 x 4 =
324. If the 18432 is divided by 324, then you will get 56.8889. 1100 can be divided by this
number to get the cost of the plexiglass for 9 x 9 x 4. 1100/56.889 = $19.3359.
Part 4 : One Lateral Face of the Outer Prism Base

Figure 7. Polygon Two and Length of One Side

Figure 7 shows polygon two which is the base of the outer prism.

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Figure 8. Outer Wall with Door

Figure 8 shows the outer wall with the door attached to it.
Finding out the dimensions of this lateral face was very easy. The
length of one side of polygon two (Figure 7.) is the same length as the
bottom side of the lateral face. The height of
the lateral face is twice the length of one side
of

the outer base which is polygon two. 3.10*2

6.20. This is the height of the walls.

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6.20

3.10
Figure 9. Outer Wall with Window
Figure 9 shows the outer wall with a window.
Lateral Surface Area of Outer Prism
To calculate the area of one wall, the base will have to be multiplied by the
height. 3.10*6.20 19.27. That is the area of one wall. Now this has to be
multiplied by 14, since there are 14 total walls. 19.27*14 269.75. Since
there is one door and two windows, those also have to be subtracted. First
the area of the new reduced 14 sided polygon needs to be found. There are
two for the windows, and a half for the top of the door. Since 1.5 can be used
as the hypotenuse for the polygon, by using sine and cosine, the area of the
polygon can be calculated.
sin(12.8571) = opposite/1.5
1.5sin(12.8571) = 0.33378
cos(12.8571) = adjacent/1.5
1.5cos(12.8571) = 1.46239
Figure 10.
By using sin and cos, the lengths of one triangle was found. The base is
.67 ft. The height is 1.46 ft. (67)(1.46) .49 ft. This is the area of one

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triangle of the 14 sided polygon. .49*14 6.83 ft squared. Since there are
two windows, this gets multiplied by two. 6.83*2 13.67 ft squared. Now the
area of the 14 original outer walls can be subtracted from. 269.75-13.67-3.42
= 252.662 ft squared. This is the lateral surface area of the outer prism.

Part 5 : Volume of Inner Base Prism

Figure 11. Polygon Three

Figure 11 shows the polygon where the inside of the tower starts.

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Figure 12.
Figure 12 shows one lateral face of the inner prism.
The dimensions of this lateral face were similar to how the dimensions
of the outer lateral face was found. The base was the same length as one
side of polygon 3. The length of the base was 2.65. The height was twice
the length of one side of the outer base. The length of the outer base side
was 3.10, this means that the height for in the inner prism would also be
6.20.
To find the volume of the inner prism part of the tower, the area of
polygon 3 will have to be multiplied by the height of one lateral face. The
volume formula is (area of base)(height). As mentioned in part two, the area

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of polygon 3 is 107.472 ft squared. The height of one lateral face is 6.20.

(107.472)(6.20) = 667.152 ft cubed. This is the volume of the inner prism.

Part Six : Pyramid Top of the Outer Pyramid showing the Height of the Outer
Pyramid and the Slant Height of One Lateral Face of the Outer Pyramid

Figure 13.
Figure 13 shows the outer pyramid with the height and slant height drawn in.
The height of the outer pyramid is three times the length of one side of
polygon 2. The length of one side of polygon 2 is 3.10. (3.10)(3) 9.31.
This would be the height of the pyramid. To find the slant height of a lateral
face, first tangent will have to be used to calculate one of the angle
measures. The top angle will be used as theta.

tan() = opposite/adjacent
tan() = 6.79942/9.31152
tan-1(6.79942/9.31152) = 36.1375

Figure 14. Finding Top Angle

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Now that one of the angle measures has been found, sine can be used to calculate the
slant height. By subtracting 180-90-36.14, the angle measure between the prism base and the
pyramid face was found. This angle is 53.86.
sin(36.1375) = opposite/hypotenuse
sin(36.1375) = 6.79942/hypotenuse
6.79942/sin(36.1375) = 11.5298
Figure 15. Finding the Slant Height
The slant height is also the hypotenuse for each of the lateral faces of the pyramid.

Part 7 : One Lateral Face of the Outer Pyramid

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Figure 16. Lateral Face of Outer Pyramid

Figure 16 shows one lateral face of the outer pyramid.
The base and hypotenuse of this lateral face were previously found.
The base is 3.10 ft. The hypotenuse is 11.53 ft. The angle measures of
the lateral face can be found by using sin.

sin() = opposite/hypotenuse
sin() = 1.55192/11.5298
sin-1(1.55192/11.5298) = 7.73554

Figure 17. Finding Angle Measure of Lateral Face of Outer Pyramid

To find the area of one lateral face, the height of the lateral face is
needed. The base has already been found and is 3.10 ft. By using tangent
the height can be found. 82.24 will have to be used because when added to 7.74, it equals
90.

tan()=opposite/adjacent
tan(82.2645) = opposite/1.55192
1.55192tan(82.2645) = 11.4249
Figure 18. Finding the Height of the Triangle

The height of one lateral face is 11.43 ft. Now the area formula for a
triangle can be used to find out the area of one lateral face. (base)
(height). (3.10)(11.43) 17.73. The area for one lateral face is 19.7305 ft
squared. To calculate the lateral surface of the outer pyramid, this number
will have to be multiplied by 14. (17.73)(14) = 248.227. The total lateral
surface area is 248.227 ft squared.

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Part 8 : Pyramid Top of the Inner Pyramid

showing the Height of the Inner Pyramid

Figure 19. Inner Pyramid with Height and Slant Height

Figure 19 shows the inner pyramid with the height and slant height labeled.
The height of the inner pyramid was three times the length of one of
the sides in polygon 3. One side length was 2.65. (2.65)(3) 7.94. The
height of the inner pyramid is 7.94208 ft. Next, the volume of the inner
pyramid needs to be found. The inner pyramid starts in polygon 3, this
means that the area of polygon 3 must be used to calculate the volume. The
area of polygon 3 is 107.472, and the height of the inner pyramid is
7.94208. The volume formula for a pyramid is (area of base)(height).
(107.472)(7.94208) = 284.517. The volume of the inner pyramid is 284.517
ft cubed.

Part 9 :
Tower

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Figure 20. Drawing of Outer Tower

Figure 20 shows the outer tower along with a view of the inner tower.
The lateral surface area of the outer tower can be calculated by adding the pyramid and
the bottom prism together. The lateral surface area of the outer pyramid was 248.227 ft squared.
The lateral surface area of the bottom prism of the outer tower is 252.662 ft squared. 252.662 +
248.226 = 500.888. This is the total lateral surface area of the outer tower.
The volume of the inner tower can be calculated from adding the bottom prism and
pyramid of the inner tower. The volume of the inner pyramid is 284.517 ft cubed. This was
calculated in part 8. The volume of the inner base prism is 667.152 ft cubed. By adding both of
these numbers together, the total volume of the inner pyramid is 951.669 ft cubed.

Conclusion
In conclusion, making this tower for you took quite a lot of planning. The correct
measurements and angles had to be found to make sure we built this tower according to your
liking. The small prototype that was built took a while and a lot of work to build. It will be
tough, but the actual tower can be built. Many mistakes were made during the math part of this
tower. The math part for the 14-sided polygon was done incorrectly in the beginning. There were
many rounding issues, but they were quickly fixed.