Study of Bio Plastic

Bio Gradable Plastic ((Bio Plastic))

Bio
Bio-plastics
plastics are based on the principle of the
natural cycle of matter and allow an intelligent,
cascading usage of natural resources without
waste (zero waste) and without emissions of
greenhouse gases (zero emission)

In the immediate future, the hitherto used fossils

resources will be wasted as resources, whereas on
the other hand, the available disposal options will
be used for the unavoidable waste.
waste Recycling
takes the material cycle of nature as a role model
and attempts to use materials and energy in an as
long and as ecological as possible manner
through intelligent, cascade usage without waste
(
(zero
waste)) and
d without
ih
emission
i i ((zero
emission).

Bio Plastic is plastic from 100% nature (doesnt

use fuel) can destroy in 10 week ( 2 month ) .
But after destroy, bio plastic can be compost for
plat. Because bio plastic use fiber chemical from
fruit

BioGradablePlastic(BioPlastic)
Category

Product

AllIndustry

Plasticbag
Hometools
Pampersbaby
Condom
Condom
Film
Bottle
Cup

M di l I d t
MedicalIndustry

Operationtools
O
ti
t l
Bonesynthesis
Arterysynthesis
Filament
Implant
glove

FarmerIndustry

Herbicidal
Biogradablematric
Bio gradable matric

AutomotiveIndustry

Spacetire
Seatpads
CowlSide

StationeryIndustry

Pen
sharpener

picture

Morecomment

Raw material and Process

Many process to make bio Plastic. But generally, Corporate use Chemical to
make the bio-plastic.
p
But in manyy universityy researcher in Indonesia and foreign,
g
they found the another raw material (CPO, fruit, powder, waste, etc) to make
bio-plastic.
RawMaterial(Input)
Process
Products(output)
CPO
Hydrolyzesatesstarch(Oil)
Fruit
Fruit
Powders
Waste
Chemical

FermentationwithSpecial
Bacteria

Poly(

3hidroksibutirat)(PHB)

Fermentationwithbio
Fermentation
with bio
organism/
UseGlycerol

poly lactated acid (PLA)

polylactatedacid(PLA)

BlendwithFuel

oxodegradable/PCL

In Indonesia, new recently recommended to use the PCL / OXO-degradable,

because of global warming and waste of plastic.

Products (Output)
PHB Plastic (Poly (3-hidroksibutirat))
PHB is a bio-plastic like petro plastic poly propylene . PBH can make
bio plastic in 130C and biodegrades all. Totally is bio-process. more
elastic than Petrochemical Plastic. Plastic can destroy in 10 week .
PLA Plastic (poly lactated acid)
PLA is a good Bio-plastic like commercial petrochemical plastic. PLA
can input to bottle machine standard same like use CPP
CPP. Destroy in 6,5
65
Month . Use glycerol from CPO to make it
oxo-degradable
oxo degradable / PCL (poli
(poli--kaprolakton)
kaprolakton)
Oxo-degradable is bio-plastic blade with Petro Chemical in 50%.
Destroy in 2 years use UV, hot temp., wind

Progress to make
Poly (3-hidroksibutirat)
To make the P(3HB), from research in university / journal
have many way.
1. Extract from
2
2.

Extract
E
t t ffrom
batch)

method
th d fedf d

Erwinia Sp USMI-20 bacteria is the bacteria from

Nutrient jelly medium with temperature 37C - in 24
until 48 hour.
hour
methanol

cultured

frozen until
dry

extract

P( HB)
P(3HB)

Chloroform

3.

Extract from Lactobacillus bacteria

Price of PHB can 7 until 15 X Plastic Petrochemical

Plastic can destroy in 4 week, If plastic destroy can use to medical for good
plant

SampleofPHBin
incubator

Bio-plastic with Poly

(3-hidroksialkanoat) / PHA /P(3ha)

Name

Price

PHA

IDR10.000/ kg

Information
Alibaba.com 2013

Ratio
1:10

Bio-plastic with Erwinia

Sp. USMI -20

Name

Price

Information

PHB

IDR 400.000 /
Kilogram

Alibaba.com 2013

Ratio

Raw Materials to Make PLA

PLA (poly lactated acid) plastic ,usually from waste of fruit and
carbohydrate

Usually the fruit and waste use fermentation with bio organism + mix
with glycerol on progress. Bio organism like :
Acetobacter
A t b t xylinum
li
Ralstonia eutropha
PLA can destroy after 10 week from
Price for Bio Plastic from PLA 5 X Petrochemical

10

Criteria of Good Type PLA

The best PLA to convert plastic if PLA can blend .
the PLA + jelly (agar 2) can blend with trietanolamin + Oleat acid
HavevalueSkeat:7,93Mpa
Havevaluewidth:34,6%
Havevalueelastic:1,61MPa

PLA + karagenan* can blend with trietanolamin + Oleat acid

HavevalueSkeat:5,39Mpa
Havevaluewidth:42,5%
Havevalueelastic:0,96MPa

Because PLA plus other make plastic unity, Transparent, easy to get it,
flexible, and make profit
*Karagenanisthechemicalsulfactanfromalgaonthesea

Name

Price

Information

PLA

US $4,500 - 6,500 /
Ton

Alibaba.com 2013

Ratio

11

Process to Make Bio Plastic PLA From Corn

Name

Price

Information

CHOVYPLAS bio
plastic

US $ 30,000 / Set

Alibaba.com 2013

12

OXO d
OXO-degradable
d bl

Oxo Biodegradable
g
((OXO)) p
plastic is p
polyolefin
y
plastic to which has been
p
added amounts of metal salts. So plastic can destroy if use UV, hot
temp., wind .
plastics,, especially
p
y in the form of plastic
p
bags,
g , are p
promoted and now
OXO p
widely used as an environmentally sound solution of the plastic littering
problem, and they are now mandatory in the Middle-east and
Africa. Plastic can destroy in 2 year
Price for Bio Plastic from oxo-degradable 1,5 X Petrochemical .
Name

Price

Information

OXO Plastic

US $ 0.15 / Piece

Alibaba 2013

13

Market plastic
Market for plastic industry must be grow until 5% A year , Same like up 2
ton p
plastic a yyear.
This static country consume plastic of 2010

14

Demand bio plastic

www.smitherspira.com
p
&

15

The map- corporation bio-plastic

16

CompaniesinBioPlasticIndustry

Player in bio-plastic global Europe and USA

PLAPlastic
(polylactatedacid)

PLAPlastic
(polylactatedacid)

Foodconsumptionand
packaging

BiodegradableFilms

Bags

Horticulture

RawMaterials

BiodegradablePaperCups

BiodegradableCutlerySet

PLAPlastic
(polylactatedacid)

PLAPlastic
( l l
(polylactatedacid)
d id)

Biopolymers

BIOFLEX
Biodegradableplastics
for extrusion

BiobasedChemicals

BIOGRADE
Biodegradableplasticsfor
injectionmolding

CropbasedTechnologies

FIBROLON
Naturalfiberreinforced
plastics

BiodegradableResin

TERRALENE
BiobasedCompoundsbased
onGreenPE

BiodegradableClothes
Hangers

GREENPE
Polyethylenemadefrom
renewableresources

BiodegradableBottles

17

Player in bio-plastic local Indonesia

CompaniesinBioPlasticIndustry
PTInterAneka
LestariKimia

PtTirtaMarta

PLA(Cassava)

PLA(Cassava)

PCL(OXO 3
Hidroksibutirat)

PCL(OXO 3
Hidroksibutirat)

PT.Zenata

Pt.merindo

PCL(OXO 3
Hidroksibutirat)

PCL(OXO 3
Hidroksibutirat)

OXOGradablePlastic(FinalPlanning20142016)

Country Company Product

UK

CocaCola

BioPlastic

USA

Ford

Interiorparts

Lego

Toy

Toyota

Interiorparts

Samsung

CasingMobileTelephone

SunChip

BioFoodbag

Fujitsu

Computer Cases
ComputerCases

Japan

Sample

19

User in bio-plastic Indonesia

Degradable (oxo-degradable)
Use in carreful, Indomaret, Alfamart, Giant, etc
PLA (Eco Plas)
Use in Veneta, Novotel, Nike, Sarina Dept. Store, Store in Surdiman

20

Pro Con base of bio plastic

CPO and
H d l
Hydrolyze
sates
starch

Pro

CPO extraction
company under group
Simple production to
make bio plastic
More be strong

Fruit
Fruit,
powder
and waste

Pro

Chemical

Pro

Popular production to
make bio plastic
Can be low
management

Easy cost to make bio

plastic

Con

Con

Con

Must be know about

the good micro
organism /make
Must be know how to
make the base of micro
organism

To long progress to
make the bio plastic
Cost must be up
because must be plant
the tree and make the
green house

Not good for the land

because must be
petrochemical 50 %

Indonesia

Investment- machine
Nb: disposables bag decrease 20 %, Plastic Bottle decrease 10 %

P3HB
Created Pellet

PLA
Created Pellet
Resin $2,5/ Kg

Coloring
g and
blowing Pellet
15 Kg/ hour $27.500

c tting
cutting
15kg/ Hour - $17.500

Pl ti
Plastic
Plastic $ 3,5 / kg + PPN

50 kg/ hour - $ 40.000

PCL ( Oxo-degradable)
Created Pellet
1,2% Internalize oxi
1 sack = 25 Kg
1 kg = Rp. 11.500

J5T-QM1300 5 layer extrusion blow

film machine + Cutting
165 -350 kg/h = 80.0000 US $

Plastic
Plastic Rp. 30.000 / kg ( 1 Color) +PPN
Plastic Rp. 35.000 / kg ( 2 Color) +PPN

PCL - recycle
Crush Plastic

Created Pellet
1,2% Internalize oxi

1-1.5 ton =

10mm

38 Million IDR

200 500 kg / day = 12.5 million

2 ton/ day = 160 million

J5T-QM1300 5 layer extrusion blow

film machine + Cutting
165 -350 kg/h = 80.0000 US $

Plastic
Plastic Rp. 30.000 /
kg ( 1 Color) +PPN
Plastic Rp.
Rp 35.000
35 000 /
kg ( 2 Color) +PPN

21

Capex & Opex 0 Month

P3HB

Total Investment
Created Pellet

Capex
Opex
PLA
Created Pellet
-

Capex
Opex

5,444,000,000 IDR

PCL

Created Pellet
1,2% Internalize oxi
-

Opex

2,008,448,000 IDR

Capex
Opex

Crush Plastic

Created Pellet
1,2% Internalize oxi

198,000,000
,
,
IDR

,
,
IDR
160,000,000

4,000,000 IDR

600,000,000 IDR
16,000,000 IDR

cutting

4,000,000 IDR

Plastic

5,444,000,000 IDR 6,849,027,273 IDR

14,000,000 IDR

J5T-QM1300 5 layer extrusion blow

film machine + Cutting
165 -350 kg/h = 80.0000 US $

Capex
PCL Recycle

Coloring and
blowing Pellet

14,000,000 IDR
J5T-QM1300 5 layer extrusion blow
film machine + Cutting
165 -350 kg/h
g = 80.0000 US $
14,000,000 IDR

5,474,000,000 IDR

Plastic
21,133,090,909 IDR
2,036,448,000 IDR

Plastic
21,648,000,000 IDR
36,000,000 IDR
22

BEP
100 %
PLA

PCL ( Oxo-degradable)

PCL - recycle

70 %

50 %

6 Month

7 Month

. Month

8 Month

19 Month

Month

5 Month

7 Month

10 Month

Demand
Indomaret use 48 kg plastic every month or use 3800 ton / year
in Java , Indomaret have 3624 Store
In Indonesia 10600 Store)*

23