SHIPS TANKS, VIA THE CARGO

PIPING SYSTEM TO THE MAIN

SHIPS MANIFOLD USUALLY
SITUATED AMIDSHIPS, ON
EITHER PORT OR STARBOARD
SIDE.

ITEM #4: GENERAL CARGO

HANDLING EQUIPMENT
WITH
GENERAL

REGARD
CARGO,

TO
ALSO

REFERRED TO AS BREAK BULK

CARGO, ALMOST 90 PERCENT
(

OF ALL SUCH CARGO IN MOST

LINER CARGO TRADES TODAY
IS CONTAINERIZED. MEANWHILE

THE

SYSTEM

OF

DOCKERS HANDLING CARGO

WILL

CONTINUE,

BUT

DOUBTLESS EVERY EFFORT

WILL BE MADE TO EXPAND THE
A1READY EXTENSIVE USE OF
VARIOUS

TYPES

OF

MECHANIZED CARGO-HANDLING EQUIPMENT. GENERAL

CARGO IS HANDLED BY
(

CRANES ON THE QUAY,

FLOATING CRANES OR BY THE
SHIP'S OWN CARGO GEAR.
ATTACHED TO SUCH LIFTING
GEAR IS A SHACKLE WHICH
LINKS THE CRANE OR DERRICK
WITH THE FORM OF CARGOHANDLING EQUIPMENT BEING
USED. FOR MOST LIFTS A
HOOK IS USED.

ITEM

#5:

PORT/TERMINAL

CARGO HANDLING EQUIPMENT

A LOT OF TERMINAL OR
PORT

CARGO

HANDLING

EQUIPMENT IS PROVIDED TO
FACILITATE MOVEMENT OF THE
CARGO TO AND FROM THE
SHIP'S SIDE AND THE TRANSIT
SHED, WAREHOUSE, BARGE,
RAILWAY WAGON OR ROAD
VEHICLE. THESE INCLUDE
TWO-WHEELED HAND BAR(

ROWS AND FOUR-WHEELED

TRUCKS EITHER MANUALLY OR
MECHANICALLY PROPELLED,
AND

MECHANICALLY

ELECTRICA1LY
TRACTORS

OR

PROPELLED

FOR

HAULING

FOURWHEELED TRAILERS. RORO TRAILERS ARE MOVED BY

TUG-MASTERS

OR

RO-RO

TRACTORS. THERE ARE ALSO

BELT CONVEYORS MECHANICALLY OR ELECTRICALLY
OPERATED, OR ROLLERS, ALL
(

YARDS. THEY ARE MANUALLY

DRIVEN, AND TYPICALLY ARE
CAPABLE

OF

LIFTING

CONTAINER 4 CONTAINERHEIGHTS HIGH (ONEOVERTHREE).

ITEM #14: CHASSIS AND BOMB

CARTS
CHASSIS

ARE

THE

WHEELED PLATFORMS UPON

WHICH

CONTAINERS

ARE

PLACED FOR TRANSPORT.

(

CHASSIS CAN BE EITHER

FLATBED TRAILERS, WHICH
ARE MEANT FOR TRANSPORT
ALONG

ROADS

AND

HIGHWAYS, OR BOMBCARTS,
WHICH ARE DESIGNED ONLY
FOR

YARD

BOMBCARTS

OPERATIONS.
ARE

MUCH

EASIER TO LOAD, FROM THE

PERSPECTIVE OF A CRANE
OPERATOR.

WITHIN THE YARD. THEY CAN

BE EITHER RUBBER-TIRED, AS
SHOWN IN THE PHOTO, RAIL
MOUNTED, OR FIXED. ONE
COMMON TRADE NAME FOR
THIS EQUIPMENT IS THE
TRANSTAINER.

ITEM #17: TOPLIFTS, SIDE

PICKERS, STACKERS
THIS TYPE OF EQUIPMENT
IS USED FOR CONTAINER
SORTING

AND

HOSTLER
(

LOADING WITHIN THE YARD.

TYPICALLY, THEY CAN REACH
4+ CONTAINERS HIGH.

ITEM #18: BOX TRAILER

AS OPPOSED TO THE
ABOVE-DESCRIBED VEHICLE
TYPES, THE BOX TRAILER DOES
NOT HAVE FLEXIBLE TARPAULIN SIDES BUT IS COMPLETELY SURROUNDED BY A
STABLE METAL OR STEEL
CONSTRUCTION. THE CLOSED
(

UNIT

OFFERS

IMPROVED

STABILITY AND CARGO SECURING FOR DIFFERENT TYPES

OF PACKAGING. BECAUSE ITS
SIDES CANNOT BE OPENED,
ONLY

LOADING

AND

UNLOADING FROM THE BACK

OF THE VEHICLE IS POSSIBLE.
THIS REQUIRES A FIXED RAMP
OR A MOVABLE RAMP FOR THE
CARGO TO BE MOVED IN OR
OUT OF THE BOX TRAILER.

ITEM #19: FREIGHT TRAIN

TRAINS ARE CAPABLE OF
TRANSPORTING

LARGE

NUMBER OF CONTAINERS
THAT COME FROM SHIPPING
PORTS. TRAINS ARE ALSO
USED

FOR

PORTATION

THE

TRANS-

OF

WATER,

CEMENT, GRAIN, STEEL, WOOD

AND COAL. THEY ARE USED
BECAUSE THEY CAN CARRY A
LARGE

AMOUNT

AND

GENERALLY HAVE A DIRECT

(

ROUTE TO THE DESTINATION.

UNDER THE RIGHT CIRCUMSTANCES, FREIGHT TRANSPORT
BY RAIL IS MORE ECONOMIC
AND ENERGY EFFICIENT THAN
BY ROAD, ESPECIALLY WHEN
CARRIED IN BULK OR OVER
LONG DISTANCES.

ITEM #20: RORO

ROLL-ON

ROLL-OFF

(RORO OR RO-RO) SHIPS ARE

VESSELS DESIGNED TO CARRY
(

WHEELED CARGO, SUCH AS

CARS, TRUCKS, SEMI-TRAILER
TRUCKS,

TRAILERS,

AND

RAILROAD CARS, THAT ARE

DRIVEN ON AND OFF THE SHIP
ON THEIR OWN WHEELS OR
USING A PLATFORM VEHICLE,
SUCH AS A SELF-PROPELLED
MODULAR

TRANSPORTER.

THIS IS IN CONTRAST TO LIFTON/LIFT-OFF (LOLO) VESSELS,

WHICH USE A CRANE TO LOAD
AND UNLOAD CARGO.
(