Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

(Hidrokarbon tak Jenuh)

Hidrokarbon yang memiliki ikatan
rangkap dua atau tiga dan dapat
diadisi oleh atom atau gugus atom lain
sehingga dapat membentuk
hidrokarbon jenuh
Misal : Alkena (alkenes) dan Alkuna
(alkynes)

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
Unsaturated
hydrocarbons
have fewer
hydrogen atoms
attached to the
carbon chain than
alkanes.
are alkenes with
double bonds.
are alkynes with
triple bonds.
(alkynes = alkuna
(indonesia)

Bond Angles in Alkenes and

Alkynes
According to VSEPR
theory:
the three groups
bonded to carbon atoms
in a double bond are at
120 angles.
alkenes are flat because
the atoms in a double
bond all lie in the same
plane.
the two groups bonded
to each carbon in a
triple bond are at 180
angles.
3

Naming Alkenes
The names of alkenes
CnH2n
use the corresponding alkane name.
change the ending to ene.
Alkene

IUPAC

H2C=CH2 ethene

Common
ethylene

H2C=CHCH3 propene propylene

cyclohexene

Naming Alkynes
The names of alkynes
CnH2n-2
use the corresponding alkane name.
change the ending to yne.
Alkyne IUPAC
HCCH

Common

ethyne acetylene

HCCCH3

propyne

Naming Alkenes and Alkynes

(isomer fungsi)
When the carbon chain of an alkene or
alkyne has four or more C atoms, number
the chain to give the lowest number to the
first carbon in the double or triple bond.
CH2=CHCH2CH3
1

CH3CH=CHCH3
1

2-butena

CH3CH2CCCH3
5

1-butena

2-pentuna

1
6

Learning Check
Write the IUPAC name for each of the
following:
A.

CH3CH2CCCH3
CH3

B. CH2CHC=CHCH3
7

Tentukan jenis dan jumlah

isomer dan berikan
namanya dari senyawa yang
mempunyai rumus molekul
1. C8H14
2. C7H11Cl
3. C8H12Br2

Selasaikan Reaksi adisi alkuna

dan berikan namanya
1. CH3C CCH3 + 2Br2
2. CH3CH2C CCH(CH3 )2+ H2 (katalis Pd)