GAMETOGENESIS :
Oogenesis ovum (n)
Spermatogenesis spermatozoa (n)
Acrosome Reaction
mencegah polispermi
struktur & komposisi zona berubah
2. Penyelesaian pembelahan meiosis kedua
kromosom (22+X) pronukleus betina
Aktivasi metabolik ovum : faktor pengaktivasi
diduga berasal dari spermatozoa.
Implantation:
FASE BLASTULA
1.
2.
FERTILISASI
ZIGOT
MORULA
OCM
BLASTOMER
ICM
Trofoblast:
EMBRIO
1.Sitotrofoblast
2.Sinsitiotrofoblast
Bilaminar germ disc:
1. epiblast
Amnion;plasenta;alantois;korion 2.hipoblast
kantung kunir
CLEAVAGE: Zigot
Blastomer
Morula
Blastula (Blastokista) (2
Tropoblas
vakuola-vakuola pada
sinsitium lakuna (tahap lakunaris)
Terbentuk selaput eksoselom (selaput
Heuser)
Terbentuk kantung kuning telur primitif
Blastokista terbenam di dalam
endometrium, luka bekas penembusan
pada permukaan epitel ditutup oleh
endapan fibrin.
blastokista
Terbentuk
selom ekstraembrional
luka
permukaan endometrium
biasanya telah sembuh
Tropoblas ditandai dengan
munculnya struktur-struktur villi (villi
primer)
Terbentuk kantung kuning telur
sekunder
Cakram mudigah lempeng
prekordal
GASTRULASI: Blastula
(3 lapis keping germinal)
embrio
DIFERENSIASI
EMBRIO/ORGANOGENESIS
Gastrula
tahap
Gastrulation,
Week 3
Primitive
streak
(groove) on dorsal
surface of epiblast
Gastrulation:
invagination of
epiblast cells
Days 14-15: they
replace hypoblast
becoming endoderm
Day 16: mesoderm
(a new third layer)
formed
in between
Epiblast cells
remaining on surface:
ectoderm
epithelial
Notochord
Days 16-18
Primitive node
epiblast cells
invaginate and
migrate anteriorly
with some
endoderm cells
Rod defining the
body axis is formed
Future site of the
vertebral column
Neurulation
Notochord signals overlying ectoderm
Formation begins of spinal cord and brain (neurulation)
Neural plate to neural groove to neural tube: pinched
off into body
Folding begins
at week 4
(main difference
between the 3
week embryo
and the adult
body is that the
embryo is still
a flat disc)
24 day
embryro;
protrude
s into
amniotic
cavity
Lateral folds
will join ventrally
Cylindrical
human body
plan, day 28
(about cm)
Simplified
cross section
through
abdomen of
an adult
(essentially the
same as above)
3 month fetus
(6 cm)
By 8 weeks, about 2
months, all major organs
are in place in at least a
rudimentary form; this is
why drugs early in
pregnancy are so
important to avoid many
cause birth defects; baby
is a little over 1 long
(below right)
tumit
Pertumbuhan
dan ke-5
Peningkatan BB : 2 bln terakhir
Pertumbuhan kepala yang relatif lebih
lambat dibandingkan bagian lain tubuh
Permulaan bln ke-3 : kepala P.U.P
Permulaan bln ke-5 : kepala 1/3
P.U.T
Saat lahir : kepala P.U.T