ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION
AND EQUIPMENTS
(2160601)
A Presentation On
Demolition of Structures
Assistant Prof. Ashish Makwana
Assistant Prof. Tejpal Goda
Assistant Prof. Ranchhod Mata
Civil Engineering Dept. - MEFGI
WHY DEMOLITION????
The structures which have already passed their
DEMOLITION SURVEY
Building Survey
Drawing records
Material Survey
Hazardous Material
Photographs of building
Surrounding buildings
Building height and distance from
surrounding buildings
Type of building
Structural survey
Drawing records
Special structure
Behavior of structure
Structural support system
Degree of deterioration
PLANNING
Building appraisal by
means of
Building Survey
Structural Survey
Demolition Plan & Stability
Report including
Calculation
Utilities
Hazardous materials
DEMOLITION SUB-PLAN
Demolition Plan
location plan
layout plan
structural plan
Extent of damage to the building
procedure plan
plant routing and structural alteration
precautionary measures plan
shoring plan (outside)
shoring plan (inside)
debris disposal plan
Special safety considerations
Traffic
Post-demolition arrangement
S
E
Q
U
E
N
C
E
DEMOLITION SEQUENCE
Demolition sequence shall be determined based on
Actual site conditions, Restraints, The building layout, The
Structural layout and its construction.
In general, the following sequence shall apply:
1)UTILITIES disconnection.Electricity,plumbing water
lines,drainage conections etc..
2)All cantilevered structures, canopies, verandahs and
features attached to the external walls shall first be
demolished prior to demolition of main building and its
internal structures on each floor
3)When demolishing the roof structure, all lift machine
rooms and watertanks at high level shall be
demolished in top down sequence to the main roof
level
DEMOLITION SEQUENCE
3)Demolition of the floor slabs shall begin at mid span
and work towards the supporting beams.
DEMOLITION METHODS
Demolition methods can vary depending on
the following
Type of Structure
Size of Structure
Availability of Time
Location of structure
Limitation of noise, dust and vibration
Skill of labor
Safety
Availability of Equipment's
Adjacent Structure
Behavior of Structure
MANUAL METHOD
Manual methods are carried out top down,
proceeding, in general, from the roof to
ground.
The sequence of demolition may vary,
depending on
1. site conditions and
2. structural elements to be demolished.
DEMOLITION BY
MACHINES
DEMOLITION BY
MACHINES
The sequence of demolition by
Hydraulic
shears
Pulverizers
Grapple
DEMOLITION BY
WRECKING BALL
The
wrecking
ball
application
consists of a crane equipped with a
steel ball.
The destruction of the building is by
the impact energy of the steel ball
suspended from the crawler crane.
The wrecking ball operates outside
the building.
This
method
is
suitable
for
dilapidated buildings, silos and other
industrial facilities.
However, the operation requires
substantial
clear
space.
The
application also demands high level
skill operators and well-maintained
equipment.
DEMOLITION BY
EXPLOSIVES
IMPLOSION
Implosion
is the strategic
placing
of
explosive
material and timing of its
detonation so that a structure
collapses on itself in a matter
of seconds, minimizing the
physical
damage
to
its
immediate surroundings.
The technique weakens or
removes critical supports so
that the building can no longer
withstand the force of gravity
and falls under its own
weight.
The
Primary charge
Blasting machines
Traditional
rack-bar and
Modern
electronic
control box
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Demolitio
n
Dismantli
ng.
WALKWAYS:
PROTECTIVE SCREENS
Protective
TEMPORARY SUPPORTS
Temporary supports are required to cater for
Demolition
TRAINING AND COMMUNICATION
workers,
including
plant or equipment operators,
shall go through proper job
safety training and be informed
of the potential hazards by
attending training sessions as
well as on-the-job training.
They shall be trained regarding working at heights, working in
confined spaces, working with
lifting appliances, use of personal
protective equipment, handling
of chemicals, health hazards in
demolition
works
and
safe
EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
A properly connected
FIRE SAFETY
All flammable goods shall be
Vibration
Demolition
work
will
cause
vibration
to
neighbouring buildings or structures to various
extent, depending on the method of demolition,
which should be controlled by suitable monitoring.
The most serious vibration is caused by implosion.
Air Pollution
Concrete breaking, handling of debris and hauling
process are main sources of dust from building
demolition. Dust mitigation measures, such as
water spray, shall be adopted to minimise dust
emissions. Burning of waste shall not be allowed.
Diesel fumes generated by mechanical plant or
equipment shall be controlled.
NOISE
Noise
pollution
arising
from
the
demolition works due the use of
powered mechanical equipment such as
pneumatic breakers, excavators and
generators, loading and transportation
of debris, etc. affects the workers, and
the sensitive receivers in the vicinity of
the demolition site.
Silent type equipment shall be used to
reduce noise impact as much as
practicable. Demolition activity shall not
be performed within the restricted hours
CHUTES
Debris, waste and other materials shall not be
DISMANTELING
Dismantle" means to take apart
Example:
Doors
Windows
Grills
P.V.C pipes
Bath fittings
Electrical cables/wires