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11

SMK Tun Abdul Qadirs Environmental Club organises a campaign Awareness Of

Clean Air during Environmental Week.
Kelab Alam Sekitar SMK Tun Abdul Qadir menganjurkan kempen Kesedaran Udara
Bersih semasa Minggu Alam Sekitar.
(a) In an activity, the students are given an exposure on current issues related to
air pollution.
State one example of air pollutant.
Dalam satu aktiviti, murid-murid diberi pendedahan tentang isu-isu semasa
yang berkaitan dengan pencemaran udara.
Nyatakan satu contoh bahan pencemar udara.
.........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(b) Air Pollution Index (API) is used to determine the level of air pollution in
an area.
Table 11 shows an example of API.
Indeks Pencemaran Udara (IPU) digunakan untuk menentukan tahap pencemaran
di suatu kawasan.
Jadual 11 menunjukkan satu contoh IPU.
API
IPU

Status
Status

Health effect
Kesan kesihatan
No bad effect to health

0 50

Good
Baik

Tiada kesan buruk kepada

kesihatan

Health advise
Nasihat kesihatan
Safe for outdoor
activities
Selamat untuk aktiviti
luar rumah

Safe for outdoor

Tiada kesan buruk kepada activities
Selamat untuk aktiviti
kesihatan
luar rumah
No bad effect to health

51 100

Moderate
Sederhana

Bad effect for patients with ..................................

health problem related to
.................................
Unhealthy respiratory system
101 200 Tidak sihat Kesan buruk terhadap pesakit .....................................
yang mengalami masalah ......................................
kesihatan berkaitan sistem
...................................
respirasi
Table 11
Jadual 11
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(i) Suggest a health advice if the API reading is 180. Write your answer in
Table 11.
Cadangkan nasihat kesihatan jika bacaan IPU ialah 180. Tulis jawapan anda
dalam Jadual 11.
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) The health of a patient with disease related to respiratory system will be
affected due to air pollution.
State one example of the disease.
Kesihatan pesakit yang menghidap penyakit berkaitan sistem respirasi akan
terjejas akibat pencemaran udara.
Nyatakan satu contoh penyakit itu.
.................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(iii) Suggest actions that can be taken by the authority to reduce API level.
Cadangkan tindakan-tindakan yang boleh diambil oleh pihak berkuasa untuk
menurunkan tahap IPU.
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

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(c) In an activity, students are shown two different pictures, Y and Z.
Dalam satu aktiviti, murid-murid ditunjukkan dengan dua gambar yang berbeza,
Y dan Z.

Which picture shows an environment with a better API status.

Explain your answer.
Gambar manakah yang menunjukkan persekitaran dengan status IPU
lebih baik.
Jelaskan jawapan anda.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

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(d) One of the activities during the Environmental Week is to plant trees in the
school compound.
Explain how the activity contributes in improving the air quality.
Salah satu daripada aktiviti semasa Minggu Alam Sekitar ialah menanam
pokok-pokok di kawasan sekolah.
Terangkan bagaimana aktiviti itu menyumbang kepada penambahbaikan
kualiti udara.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

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12

A man experiences pain when he urinates. He undergoes a medical examination.

The doctor confirms that he is suffering from kidney stone.
Seorang lelaki mengalami kesakitan semasa kencing. Dia menjalani pemeriksaan
perubatan. Doktor mengesahkan dia menghidap penyakit batu karang.
Diagram 12 shows the location of the stone in his kidney.
Rajah 12 menunjukkan lokasi batu karang itu di dalam ginjalnya.

Stone
Batu karang

Diagram 12
Rajah 12
(a) (i) State the system shown in Diagram 12.
Nyatakan sistem yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 12.
.................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
[1 markah]
(ii) Why does he experiences pain when he urinate?
Mengapa dia mengalami kesakitan semasa kencing?
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

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(b) Table 12 shows the water intake by the man in the first week of January.
Jadual 12 menunjukkan pengambilan air oleh lelaki itu dalam minggu pertama
bulan Januari.
Day
Hari
Water intake
per day (glass)
Pengambilan air
sehari (gelas)

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

Rabu
Khamis Jumaat Sabtu
Isnin Selasa
Ahad

Table 12
Jadual 12
(i) If the average water intake in that week is 3 glasses per day, calculate
how many glasses of water intake, R on Tuesday.
Jika purata pengambilan air dalam minggu tersebut ialah 3 gelas sehari,
hitungkan bilangan gelas air, R pada hari Selasa.

[2 marks]
[2 markah]

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(ii) Diagram 12.2 shows a conversation between a doctor and a man.
Rajah 12.2 menunjukkan perbualan di antara doktor dengan seorang lelaki.

You are having kidney stone

disease.
Encik didapati menghidap
penyakit batu karang.

Can you explain in details the

causes of the disease?
Bolehkah doktor terangkan
dengan lebih jelas punca -punca
penyakit itu?

..................................
...................................

Diagram 12.2
Rajah 12.2
Based on Table 12, what is the possible explanation given by
the doctor?
Berdasarkan Jadual 12, apakah kemungkinan penjelasan yang diberi oleh
doktor itu?
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
[2 markah]

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(c) After the consultation with the doctor, the man changes his daily water intake
but still continues to consume salty food.
In your opinion, what are the consequences of his action?
Selepas perundingan dengan doktor, lelaki itu mengubah pengambilan air
hariannya tetapi masih kekal mengambil makanan yang tinggi kandungan garam.
Pada pendapat anda, apakah akibat daripada tindakannya itu?
.........................................................................................................................
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.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
[3 markah]

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