CENTRAL BICOL STATE UNIVERSITY OF

AGRICULTURE
SAN JOSE, PILI, CAMARINES SUR
COLLEGE OF DEVELOPMENT EDUCATION

LESSON PLAN IN MATHEMATICS

I.

II.

III.
Time
Frame
4
hours

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students must be able to:
1. Solve the given system of linear equations by graphing method
using table of values, x and y intercepts and slope-intercept form,
substitution method, elimination method and Cramers rule method.
2. Find the solution set of the linear system.
3. Identify the type of linear system if it is consistent, inconsistent, or
dependent.
SUBJECT MATTER
A. Topic: Solving systems of linear equations by graphing, substitution,
elimination and Cramers rule method.
B. References: Intermediate Algebra: A book for second year; Soledad
Jose-Dilao and Julieta G. Bernabe; Page 7-11
C. Materials: Colored Paper, Manila paper and marker.
D. Skills to Develop: Analysis, critical thinking.
E. Concept: Solving systems of linear equations by graphing method,
substitution method, elimination method and Cramers rule method.
F. Values Integration: Camaraderie, team work, self-esteem.
G. Strategy: 4As (Activity, Analysis, Abstraction and Application).
PROCEDURE
Teachers Hint

A. Preliminary
Activity
1. Greetings
2. Prayer

3. Securing
of
Cleanline
ss

Teachers Activity

Students
Activity

Good morning class!

Good
morning
Maam Salve!

Please stand for the

opening prayer.
________ please lead
the opening prayer.

(Students will do)

Before you take your

seats, kindly pick up
the pieces of paper
and plastic or

(Students will do)

Mater
ials
Used

anything that is not

appealing to the
human eye. Then,
arrange your chairs
accordingly and seat
properly.
4. Checking
of
Attendan
ce

Who are the

absentees for today?

(Beadle reports the

names
of
the
absentees)

Thank You.
None Maam!

5. Checking
of
Assignme
nt
5
mins.

6. Motivatio
n

B. Lesson
Proper
1. Recall of
the
Previous
Lesson

Do we have an
assignment from the
previous lesson we
had?
(Recall will serves as
a motivation)
What was our lesson
last meeting?
Ok. Again, how can
we classify whether a
system of linear
equation is consistent
and independent,
inconsistent, or
dependent.

It was all
systems of
equations.

about
linear Power
point
presen
It is consistent and -tation
independent if the
linear
equations
have
only
one
solution and whose
graph
is
intersecting.
It is inconsistent if
it has no solution
and the graph is
parallel.
It is dependent if it
has many solutions
and the graph is
coinciding.

Very good! Today, we

will discuss something
that is somehow
related to our
previous topics, and

thats solving systems

of linear equations by
graphing.

2. Presentati
on of the
Lesson

Posted here on the

board are the lesson
objectives that we
need to attain during
and after the
discussion of the
topic.
Who knows how to
read? Can anyone
volunteer to read
these objectives?

(A student raises a
hand, was called
and
recognized,
then
reads
the
posted objectives)

Thank you!
3. Presentati
on of the
Lesson
Objective
s
4. Activity

a. PreActivit
y

Before we discuss our

new lesson let us
have first an activity.

Please divide
yourselves into three
groups. Now, count!
Mechanics:
1. Each group will
be given
systems of
linear
equations to
solve.
2. Plot the graph
of the system
of linear
equations.
3. Identify the
solution/s of
the equation.
4. Choose a

(Students will work

the activity out)

b. Activit
y
Proper

c. PostActivit
y

representative
to present your
work.
(Teacher facilitates
the activities. He will
roam around to
monitor their works)
Okay, times up!
Please paste your
works on the board.
Present your work.

5. Analysis
Group 1, how did you
find the activity? How
were you able to
graph the equation?

Very good! How

about group 2?

Awesome! Group 3,
how were you able to
graph the equations.

(Students will paste

their works on the
board.
Every
representative
presents
their
works)
Using the table of
values.
We
substitute
the
values of x to the
given equations in
order to find the
values of y.
Yes Maam!
By the use of x and
y
intercepts,
wherein we let x
and y be equal to
zero in order to
have a coordinates
to be used in
graphing.
By the use of slopeintercept form, we
found the slopes
and y intercepts of
the equations.

6. Abstractio
n
For you to really
understand, lets take
another example.

2 x y=2
3 x+ y =3

(A student raises a
hand, was called
and recognized to
answer the systems
of linear equations)

Who can answer it on

the board?

Answer:

2 x y=2
y =2 x +2
y=2 x2
3 x+ y =3

y=3 x+3
Who can graph it on
the board?
How many solution/s
do the graph
has/have? And what is
it?
Very good! If it has
only one solution,
then how can we
classify it? Is it
consistent and
independent,
inconsistent, or
dependent system?
Excellent answers
class!
Aside from graphing
method, we can also
use the three other
methods of solving of
systems of linear
equations. Those are
substitution method,
elimination method
and Cramers rule
method.

(A chosen student
will
graph
the
equation)
It has only one
solution and it is
(1,0)

Its consistent and

independent.

Lets first discuss the

substitution method.
Here are the steps in
solving systems of
linear equations by
substitution method:
1. Solve one equation
for one of the
variables.
2. Substitute this
expression in the
other equation and
solve the other
variable.
3. Substitute the value
obtained in the
equation in step 2
and solve for the
value of the first
variable. (If the
result is a false
statement, we have
a system of no
solution; however,
if the result is a
true statement, we
have a system of
infinitely many
solutions or with
exactly one
solution.)
4. Check the values in
both equations.
Given these
equations, how can
we solve it using
substitution method
in order to find the
solution or the point
of intersection?
Example 1:

x y=4
2 x +3 y=17
1st step

x y=4
x= y +4
2nd step

2( y +4 )+3 y =17
2 y+ 8+3 y=17

5 y+ 8=17
5 y=178

5 y=25
y=5
3rd step

x=5+4
x=1
Therefore, the
solution is (1,5) .
To check:

x y=4
1(5)=4

1+5=4
4=4
Example 2:

x+ y=4

2 x +2 y=6
1st step

x+ y=4

x= y+ 4
7. Applicatio
n

Yes Maam!
2

nd

step

2 x +2 y=6

Yes Maam!

2( y+ 4)+2 y=6
2 y +8+2 y=6

8=6
Its not true.
Therefore, the system
has no solution.
Example 3

x4 y=6

2 x 8 y=12
1st step

x4 y=6

x=4 y+ 6
2nd step

2 x 8 y=12

2(4 y+ 6)8 y=12

8 y +128 y=12

12=12
Its true
Therefore, the system
has infinitely many
solutions.

Yes Maam!

Did you understand it

already?
So, it means that you
are all now ready for
the board work?
Ok. Please get your
white boards and
solve the following
systems of linear
equations.
1.

5 a+2 b=18

3 a+b=11

y=3 x +3

2.

4 x +3 y=17
3.

x+ y=9

y
x =5
3
x y
+ =2
3 3

4.

2 x +3 y=10
5.

a=1.5 b+4

a+2=0

Is it already clear to
you solving systems
of linear equation by
substitution?
If thats the case, lets
come now to solving
systems of linear
equation using
elimination method.

Here are the steps in

solving equations by
elimination method:
1. Write both
equations in
standard form,

ax +by=c .
2. Choose and decide
which variable to
eliminate.
3. 0btain an
equivalent system
where the
coefficients of the
variable you want
to eliminate are
additive inverse. If
necessary, multiply
one or both of the
equations in the
system by a nonzero number.
4. Solve the
equivalent system
by adding by
adding the two
equations. Then
solve the remaining
equation for the
remaining variable
and substitute the
value of this
variable into either
of the two
equations in the
equivalent or
original equation to
find the value of
other variable.
5. Check.
For you to fully

(Student
raises
hand will be called
to
answer
the
question)

understand, lets have

an example.
Example 1

2 x + y =5
2 x y=3
Step 1

2 x + y =5

(Student
raises
hand will be called
to solve)

(student answer it
on the board)

2 x y=3
The equation is
already in standard
form.
Step 2

2 x + y =5
2 x y=3
Lets eliminate
variable y.
Step 3
The equation is
already in equivalent
system and the
coefficient of the
variable to eliminate
is already an additive
inverse.

Multiply
both
equations
by
numbers that will
make
opposite
coefficients.

Step 4

2 x + y =5
2 x y=3

4 x =8
x=2
To find the value of y,
substitute the value

Lets
eliminate
variable y.

of x in either of the
two equations.

2 x + y =5
2(2)+ y=5

4 + y=5
y=54

y=1
The solution is (2,1).
Step 5

2 x + y =5

2(2)+ 1=5
4 +1=5

5=5
Example 2

2 x 3 y=14

x+ 3 y =2
Who can solve it on
the board?

Ok, _____ please go to

the board.
Excellent!
Who wants to solve
another example?
Ok, _____ please go to
the board now. Here
are the equations:

3 x y=5

Yes Maam!

None Maam!

5 x+2 y=23
What if the given
equations are like
these?

4 x 3 y=10

3 x+2 y=16
What are we going to
do?

Very good! So lets

follow the steps for
you to really
understand.
Step 1
Write both equations
in standard form.
Step 2
Choose a variable to
be eliminated.
So what variable are
we going to
eliminate?
Step 3
2( 4 x 3 y=10 2

3(3 x +2 y =16)3
It would become,

8 x6 y=20

9 x+ 6 y=48
We can now eliminate

y.

8 x6 y=20
9 x+ 6 y=48

17 x=68
x=4
Using the original
equation, we can now
find the value of y by
substituting the value
of x.

4 x 3 y=10
4 (4 )3 y=10

163 y =10
3 y =1016

Yes Maam!

3 y =6
y=2
Yes Maam!
The solution is (4,2).
Step 5

4 x 3 y=10
4 (4 )3(2)=10

166=10
10=10

3 x+2 y=16
3 ( 4 )+ 2(2)=16

12+4=16
16=16

Did you understand it

already?
Do you have any
questions?
Ok. I think youre all
now ready for the
board work.
Please get your white
boards.
1.

x+ y=10

x y=6
2.

7 x5 y=11

2 x +5 y=25
3.

4 ( x 2 y ) =8

2 ( x + 4 y )=8

4.

5x y
=3
12 6

x+ 2 y =0
5.

5 x3 y=20

3 x +6 y=12
Lets come now to
solving systems of
linear equations by
Cramers rule
method.
Cramer's Rule is
another method that
can solve systems of
linear equations using
determinants.

(Student
raises
hand will be called
to answer)
Coefficient matrix

D= 4 3
6 5

x-matrix

D X=

11 3
7
5

Matrix is an array of
numbers enclosed
by square
brackets while determ
inant is an array of
numbers enclosed
by two vertical bars.

y-matrix

[ ]

D Y = 4 11
6 7

(Student
raises
hand will be called
to answer)
Coefficient matrix

D=
4 3
6 5
Examples on
how to find the
determinants of 2x2
matrix:
Example 1

(4)(5)-(6)(3)=20+18=38
x-matrix

Dx = 11 3
7
5

(11)(5)-(7)
(3)=55+21=76
Example 2

y-matrix

| |

DY = 4 11
6 7

Example 3

Do
you now understand
how to find the
determinants of the
matrix?

(4)(7)-(6)(11)=2866=-38

(Student
raises
hand will be called
to solve the value
of x and y)

8. Generalization

That means that

youre now ready to
solve systems of
linear equation using
Cramers rule?
If thats the case, lets
continue.

Therefore, the
solution is (2,-1)

This is the coefficient

matrix,

This is the X-matrix,

This is also the Ymatrix,

To find the value of x,

To find the value of y,

Example 1

We discussed about
solving systems of
linear equations by
graphing method,
substitution
method,
elimination
method,
and
Cramers
rule
method.

Lets first start finding

the three relevant
matrices: Coefficient,
x, and y. Then, find its
determinants.
Who can find the
coefficient matrix, Xmatrix, and Y-matrix?

Who can find the

determinants of
coefficient, y and x
matrix?

Once the all three

determinants are
calculated, we can
now solve for the
value of x and y.
Using the formula,
who can now
compute for the value
of x and y?

So whats the
solution?

Excellent class! I think

you are now ready for
our board wok. Please
get your white boards
and solve the
following systems of
linear equations using
Cramers rule.
1.

3 x+ y =5

5 x y=3
2.

2 x y =-6

2 yx=0
3.

3 x+2 y=2

2 x +3 y=2

Lets have a grasp of

what we have
discussed.
Who can generalize or
summarize the things
that we have
discussed?

IV.

Evaluation
A. Solve and graph the following systems of linear equation using table of
values, intercept method, or slope-intercept method. (5 points each)
1.

x y=2

2.

x6=2 y

x+ y=6

x+ 2 y =2
3.

3 x=5 y

x y=3
B. Solve the following systems of linear equations by substitution method.
1.

2 yx=0

3 x y=5

2 y+ x =10
2.

4 x = y+ 8

2 x 3 y=14
C. Solve the following systems of linear equations by elimination method.

1.

5 a2b=8

2 a+3 b=5
2.

10 x=5 y+ 25
4 x 2 y =6

D. Solve the following systems of linear equations by Cramers rule

method.

1.

x+ 2 y =4

x+ y=2
2.

x2 y=3
2 x 3 y=4

V.

ASSIGNMENT
x y )=1 4 in two variables.
Study how to graph system of linear
inequalities
3. 2(

Prepared by:
Salvacion M. Escarlan
Math Student
Teacher

Noted by:
Melcha P.
Juminto
Cooperating
Teacher