STUDY GUIDE / 1st bimester

Students name : _____________________________. Class : _______

Read the texts below to answer the following questions .

Text I -

The cost of electricity in Brazil

First, it is important to understand that hydroelectric generation is the predominant

source in the Brazilian electric sector. So that the hydroelectric power plants can
generate power, they depend on rainfall and water level stored in the reservoirs. When
the level is low, due the lack of rain , thermoelectric are driven to save water and ensure
system security.
As the energy of the thermoelectric is more expensive, since they use fuels such as
coal, natural gas, fuel oil and diesel, the cost of power generation rises.
Fonte : http://www.cpfl.com.br/atendimento-a-consumidores/bandeira-tarifaria (com
adaptaes)
Text II -

Tariff flags

Tariff flags are a different way to present a cost that today is already in the Brazilian
energy bill. The colors of the flags change according to the cost of electricity production
that the country is consuming. How are they working ?
The tariff system flags prepared by ANEEL (National Electric Energy Agency) consists
of three flags: the green flag, the yellow flag and the red flag , in reference to traffic light
colors, in order to facilitate the understanding by consumers.
They signal to consumers the real price of energy in the country and system supply
conditions, as follows:
Green Flag

Yellow flag

Red flag

Water reservoirs are

full

Water reservoirs are

not full

There is lack of
water in reservoirs

Power generation is
favorable

Power generation is
not so favorable

Thermoelectric are
driven

The rate does not The rate rises more 2.50

real per 100 kWh
rise

Energy cost is more

expensive

The rate rises more

5.50 real per 100 kWh
Fonte : G1. com.br

Infogrfico elaborado em 27 / 02 / 2014

Fonte : http://www.cpfl.com.br/atendimento-a-consumidores/bandeira-tarifaria
(com adaptaes)

Text III - The consumption of the light bulbs

Figure 1
Figure 2

Mary : - Hi , Paul ! What are you doing ?

Paul : Im changing the light bulbs . Im going to change 8 incandescent light bulbs
of 150
Watts each ( that spends 0,15 Kwh each) by 8 fluorescent lights of 20 Watts each ,
( that spends 0,02 kWh each ) .
Paul : By the way, do you use in your house incandescent light bulbs or fluorescent
lights ?
Mary : I use at home incandescent light bulbs because flurescent lights are more
expensive than incandescent light bulbs , arent they ?
Paul : Yes, they are . However , although fluorescent lights are more expensive than
incandescent light bulbs, fluorescent lights mean a reduction in energy consumption
of kWh in our home.
Fonte : Questo de Matemtica elaborada pela professora Esda em 2014 . ( Com adaptaes
para a lngua Inglesa )
VOCABULARY :
to understand : compreender, entender
source : recurso
so that : para que
hydroelectric power plants : usinas hidreltricas
rainfall : pluviosidade
low : baixo
due : devido a
save : economizar
ensure : garantir
expensive : caro, cara

lack of : falta de, escassez

cost : custo
incandescent light bulbs : lmpadas incandescentes
each : cada
to spend : gastar, desperdiar
fluorescent lights : lmpadas fluorescentes
by the way : a propsito
than : do que ( indica comparao)
however : entretanto
although : embora , apesar de
to mean : significar

fuels : combustveis
to rise : aumentar, elevar
tariff flags : bandeiras tarifrias
bill : conta, fatura
to change : trocar, mudar
traffic light : semforo
in order to : a fim de
price : preo
water reservoirs : reservatrio de gua
rate : taxa

driven : acionado(a)
full : cheio
to become : tornar-se
table : mesa, tabela
to approach : abordar
nowadays : nos dias atuais
high : alto(a), elevado
to receive : receber
underlined : sublinhado (a)
written : escrito (a) - particpio de write (escrever)

QUESTION 1 - Based on texts I and II , judge the items below .

1. (

) The level stored in the reservoirs is good when there is rain .

2. (
) Its possible to understand how the tariff flags work if you compare them
with the traffic light colors.
3. (
) ANEEL prepared the tariff system flags due the high hydroelectric
consumption.
4. (
) When the cost of power generation rises, there is a signal with red flag
in the energy bill .
5. (
) According to the table , the yellow flags rate is higher than the red flags
rate.
The correct sequence is :
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

T,T,T,F,F
F , F, T, F, T
F, T, F, T, F
T, T, F, T, F
T,T, T, F, T
QUESTION 2 - Based on texts II and III , judge the items below .

1.(
) The texts II and III states about the importance of conscious consumption.
2 ( ) According to figure 1 ( text III ) , it could be inferred there are people who
use incandescent light bulbs in their houses, in spite of the high cost of energy
generation.
3. (
) According to figure 2 ( text III) , it could be inferred that LED bulbs and
fluorescente lights are better than incandescent light bulbs.
4. (
) According to text III, the cost of Pauls energy bill was high before he to
decide to change the light bulbs of his house.
5. (
) According to texts II and III, substitute the incandescent light bulbs by
fluorescent lights in home mean the possibility of to pay a energy bill with green flag.

The correct sequence is :

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

F, F, F, F, F
T, T, T, T, T
F, F, T ,T ,T
T, T, F , F , F
T, F, T, F, T

QUESTION 3 - Based on texts I, II and III, jugde the following items about
grammar.
1. ( ) In the sentence the energy of the thermoelectric is more expensive ,
energy of the thermoelectric could be correctly replaced by they .
2. ( ) In the sentence How are they working?, the pronoun they refers to tariff
flags and this sentence was written in the interrogative form of Present Continuous.
3. (
) The sentence The water reservoirs are full written in the interrogative
form is :
Are the water reservoirs full ?
4. (
) What are you doing ? means : O que voc est consertando?
5. ( ) In the sentence Yes, they are, the pronoun they refers to incandescent
light bulbs .
The correct sequence is :
a) F, T ,T, F , F
b) F, F, T, T, T
c) T, F, T, F, T
d) T, T, F, F, F
e) F, T, T, F, T
QUESTION 4 The sentence What are you doing? written in the 3rd person
singular , is :
a) (
b) (
c) (
d)(
e) (

) What he / she is doing ?

) What are we doing ?
) Whats you doing ?
) What are they doing ?
) What is he / she doing ?
QUESTION 5 -

Based on text III , answer :

After changing the light bulbs in his house, Paul will have a great reduction in
energy consumption . Calculate how many percent ( % ) Paul will save , and then
choose the correct alternative below.

Traduo :
Depois de trocar as lmpadas de sua casa, Paulo ter uma grande reduo no
consumo de energia. Calcule quantos por cento Paulo economizar, e ento escolha a
alternativa correta .
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Less than 60% ( menos do que 60%)

between 65% and 66 % ( entre 65% e 66% )
between 75% and 76% ( entre 75% e 76% )
between 86 % and 87% ( entre 86% e 87% )
More than 90% ( mais do que 90% )