LabPartner:MayaGujral
MissLyon
APBiologyBlock3
APExperimentalLabDesign#1:InvestigatingthePropertiesofWater
BackgroundInformation:Thisexperimentwillbetestingthedifferencesinthevolume
andweightofwaterasitchangesstates.
Question:Doeswaterchangeinvolumewhenitsstateofmatterchanges?
Hypothesis:Ifwaterisfrozenoringaseousform,itwilltakeupmorespacethanwhenit
isaliquid.
Materials:
1.1Graduatedcylinder
2.1Glove
3.1Rubberband
4.Tapwater
5.ErlenmeyerFlask
6.Hotplate
Procedure:
1.Measureout50mLofwaterintothegraduatedcylinder
2.Placegraduatedcylinderinfreezer
3.MeasureweightofemptyErlenmeyerflask
4.Measureout50mLofwaterintotheErlenmeyerflask
5.MeasureoutweightoffullErlenmeyerflask
6.Placegloveoverthemouthoftheflask
7.Attachglovewithrubberband
8.Placeflaskonhotplatefor6minutes
9.Removegloveandrubberband
10.MeasureoutweightofErlenmeyerflaskaftersixminutes
LabNotes:
WeightofFlask:
WithoutWater:36.63g
WithWater:85.35g
Afterboiling(forsixmin):77.78g
VolumeofwaterinGraduatedCylinder:
Beforefreezing:50mL
Afterfreezing:54.5mL
FactorsoftheLab:
1. ControlGroupTheresultsofthislabwillbecomparedtotheoriginal
weight/volumeofwateratroomtemperature(85.35gintheflaskand50mLin
thegraduatedcylinder),whichisthecontrolgroupforthisexperiment.
2. IndependentVariable:Theindependentvariableisthechangeintemperature.
3. DependentVariable:Overall,thedependentvariableisthechangeinvolumeof
waterasitchangesitsstate(theamountofweightlostduetoevaporationafterthe
waterisboiled,andtheamountthatthewaterexpandedafteritfroze).
a. Tomeasurethedependentvariableasthewaterevaporated,wefirst
recordedtheweightoftheflaskatroomtemperature(85.35g),boiledthe
waterwithagloveovertheflasksothatwecouldvisuallynoticethegas
insidetheglove(seepictureattached),andthenmeasuredtheweightof
theflaskafter6minutesinordertorecordthechanges.
Imageofgloveasthewaterisboiling
gasistakingtheshapeoftheglove.
Data/Measurements/Observations
WeightofFlask:
WithoutWater:36.63g
WithWater:85.35g
Afterboiling(forsixmin):77.78g
VolumeofwaterinGraduatedCylinder:
Beforefreezing:50mL
Afterfreezing:54.5mL
ChangesinWeightLiquidtoGas
84
82
80
WeightofFlask(g)
ChangesinVolume(Liquid
Gas)
78
76
74
BeforeBoiling
AfterBoiling
StateofMatter
ChangesinVolumeLiquidtoSolid
VolumeofCylinder(mL)
56
54
52
50
48
46
ChangesinVolumeLiquid
Solid
StateofMatter
Analysis:Fromthedata,itiscleartoseethattheweightoftheflaskwithwater
decreasedasthestateofwaterchangedfromaliquidtoagas(evaporation)andthe
volumeofthecylinderwithwaterincreasedasthestateofmatterchangedfromaliquid
toasolid(freezing).
SourcesofError:Thewaterwasoriginallysupposedtoboilfor15minutes,butabout
sixminutesintotheexperiment,itnotonlyevaporatedsomuchthattheglovealmost
burst,butalsobeganspillingontotheheaterbecausetheflaskwastoosmallforit.Thisis
asourceoferrorbecausethespilledwateralteredourresultsasitdecreasedthevolume
evenmorethanitshouldhave.
Conclusions:Inconclusion,theresultsofthisexperimentagreepartiallywiththe
hypothesis.Watertookupmorespacewhenitwasfrozen(itwentfrom50mLto54.5
mL),butittookuplessspacewhenitwasingaseousform(itwentfrom85.35gto77.78
g).