UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

FACULTAD DE
INGENIERIA CIVIL
CURSO: ESTRUCTURAS DE ACERO
DOCENTE:Mg

Ing CARMEN CHILN MUOZ

2014

ESTRUCTURAS DE ACERO

PREGUNTA:
Disee en acero A36 un techado metlico para un auditorio (azotea) de 20.00 m de luz
libre. La carga viva de diseo es de 100 kg/m2 y las cargas muertas deben considerar una
losa compuesta (plancha colaborante + concreto fc=210 Kg/m2) de espesor t= 0.10 m con
un peso de 182.50 Kg/m2.Disee los elementos ms solicitados de las bridas superior e
inferior y las diagonales con CONEXIONES SOLDADAS SMAW ELECTRODOS E60XX.
Considere el diseo del tijeral t-1.No disee las viguetas y verifique que la deflexin del
tijeral por carga viva no supere L/360, adems peso de vigueta y placa = 12.00 Kg/m2.

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

METRADO DE CARGAS DEL TIJERAL 1

ELEMENTO
LOSA
COMPUESTA
Ladrillo Pastelero
Vigueta

CARGA MUERTA
CARGA
rea
(Kg/m2)
Tributaria
182.50 Kg/m2
100.00 Kg/m2
12.00 Kg/m2

5.0 m
5.0 m
5.0 m
TOTAL

ELEMENTO
SOBRECARGA

CARGA VIVA
CARGA
rea
(Kg/m2)
Tributaria
100.00 Kg/m2

5.0 m
TOTAL

Carga
(Kg/m)
912.50 Kg/m
500.00 Kg/m
60.00 Kg/m
1472.50
Kg/m

Carga
(Kg/m)
500.00
Kg/m
500.00
Kg/m

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

CARGA MUERTA
CARGA (Kg/m)

1472.50 Kg/m

ANCHO TRIBUTARIO

1.0 m

2.0 m

P1
1472.50 Kg

P2
2945.00 Kg

P1
500.00 Kg

P2
1000.00 Kg

CARGA VIVA
CARGA (Kg/m)

500.00 Kg/m

PU1
PU2

ANCHO TRIBUTARIO

1.0 m

2.0 m

CARGAS ULTIMAS (1.2 PD+1.6 PL)

2567.00 Kg
5134.00 Kg

METRADOS DE CARGAS DEL TIJERAL 2

CARGA MUERTA
ELEMENTO
LOSA
COMPUESTA
Ladrillo Pastelero
Vigueta

ELEMENTO
SOBRECARGA

CARGA
(Kg/m2)

rea
Tributaria

Carga
(Kg/m)

182.50 Kg/m2
100.00 Kg/m2
12.00 Kg/m2

2.5 m
2.5 m
2.5 m
TOTAL

456.25 Kg/m
250.00 Kg/m
30.00 Kg/m
736.25 Kg/m

CARGA VIVA
CARGA
rea
(Kg/m2)
Tributaria
100.00 Kg/m2

2.5 m
TOTAL

Carga
(Kg/m)
250.00
Kg/m
250.00
Kg/m

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

CARGA MUERTA
CARGA (Kg/m)

736.25 Kg/m

ANCHO TRIBUTARIO

1.0 m

2.0 m

P1
736.25 Kg

P2
1472.50 Kg

P1
250.00 Kg

P2
500.00 Kg

CARGA VIVA
CARGA (Kg/m)

250.00 Kg/m

PU1
PU2

ANCHO TRIBUTARIO

1.0 m

2.0 m

CARGAS ULTIMAS (1.2 PD+1.6 PL)

1283.50 Kg
2567.00 Kg

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

TIJERAL 1

DISEO DE BRIDA INFERIOR

Pu=

61.00 Tn Fy

Fy=

2530 Kg/cm2

(TRACCION

Fy=36ksi

A req 26.790 cm2

4.152 in2

USAR PERFIL

2 L3 x 3 x 3/8

AREA= 4.220 in2

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

27.226 cm2

VERIFICACION

r=

2.319 cm

L=

200.000 cm

86.24407072

300 (OK)

USAMOS PERFIL 2 L3 x 3 x 3/8

DISEO DE BRIDA SUPERIOR

K=

L=

2.00 m

PU=

61.45 Tn

(COMPRESION)

ESCOGEMOS UN PERFIL 2L 3 x 3 x 1/2

Donde : Ag =
rx=

5.500 in2 35.484 cm2

0.895 in

2.273 cm

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

Esbeltez
=

KL/r=

87.9778296

200 OK

De la tabla de esfuerzos de diseo para mienbros en compresion -Acero =2530 Kg/cm2 (c=0.85)

KL/r=

87.9778296

c Fcr = 20.35 Ksi

1.43 Tn/cm2
AHORA P= c Fcr Ag
P=

50.741834 Tn <

K=

L=

2.00 m

PU=

61.45 Tn

61.45 Tn NO CUMPLE

ESCOGEMOS UN PERFIL

Donde :

2L 3 1/2 x 3 x 1/2

Ag =

6.040 in2 38.968 cm2

rx=

1.070 in

2.718 cm

Esbeltez
=

KL/r=

73.5889322

200 OK

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

De la tabla de esfuerzos de diseo para mienbros en compresion -Acero =2530 Kg/cm2 (c=0.85)

KL/r=

73.5889322

c Fcr = 23.008 Ksi

1.624 Tn/cm2
AHORA P= c Fcr Ag
P=

63.2834863 Tn

>

61.45 Tn OK

USAMOS

2L 3 1/2 x 3 x 1/2

DISEO DE DIAGONAL

(TRACCION)
Pu=

32.20 Tn Fy
Fy=

Fy=36ksi

2530 Kg/cm2

A req 14.141 cm2

2.192 in2

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

USAR PERFIL 2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x 1/4

AREA= 2.370 in2
15.290 cm2
VERIFICACION

r=

1.953 cm

L=

282.843 cm

144.8247376

USAMOS PERFIL

L=

2.00 m

PU=

25.32 Tn

300 OK

2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x 1/4

DISEO DE MONTANTE

K=

(COMPRESION)

ESCOGEMOS UN PERFIL

2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x 3/8

Donde :

3.470 in2 22.387 cm2

Ag =
rx=

0.749 in

1.902 cm
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

Esbeltez
=

KL/r=

105.127046

200 OK

De la tabla de esfuerzos de diseo para mienbros en compresion -Acero =2530 Kg/cm2 (c=0.85)

KL/r=

105.127046

c Fcr = 17.1 Ksi

1.207 Tn/cm2
AHORA P= c Fcr Ag
P=

USAMOS PERFIL :

27.0211718 Tn

>

25.32 Tn OK

2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x 3

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

10

TIJERAL 2

DISEO DE BRIDA INFERIOR

(TRACCION)

Pu= 34.05 Tn Fy

Fy=36ksi

Fy= 2530 Kg/cm2

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

11

A req 14.954 cm2

2.318 in2

USAR PERFIL

2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x1/4

AREA= 2.380 in2

15.355 cm2
VERIFICACION

r=
L=

102.406554
USAMOS PERFIL

1.953 cm
200.000 cm

300 OK
2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x1/4

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

12

DISEO DE BRIDA SUPERIOR

(COMPRESION)

K= 1

ESCOGEMOS UN PERFIL

Donde :

L=

2.00 m

PU=

36.00 Tn

2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x 3/8

Ag =

3.470 in2 22.387 cm2

rx=

0.749 in

1.902 cm

Esbeltez
=

KL/r=

105.127046

200 OK

De la tabla de esfuerzos de diseo para mienbros en compresion -Acero =2530 Kg/cm2 (c=0.85)

KL/r=

105.127046

c Fcr = 17.1 Ksi

1.207 Tn/cm2

AHORA

P= c Fcr Ag
P=

27.0211718 Tn

>

36.00 Tn NO CUMPLE

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

13

ELEGIMOS OTRO PERFIL

K=
L=

1
2.00 m

PU= 36.00 Tn

ESCOGEMOS UN PERFIL

Donde :

Ag =

2L 3 x 3 x 3/8

4.220 in2 27.226 cm2

rx=

0.910 in

2.311 cm

Esbeltez
=

KL/r=

86.5276456

200 OK

De la tabla de esfuerzos de diseo para mienbros en compresion -Acero =2530 Kg/cm2 (c=0.85)

KL/r=

86.5276456

c Fcr = 20.59 Ksi

1.455 Tn/cm2
AHORA

P= c Fcr Ag
P= 39.6134692 Tn

>

36.00 Tn OK

USAMOS
2L 3 x 3 x 3/8

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

14

DISEO DE DIAGONAL (TRACCION)

Pu=

17.80 Tn

Fy

Fy=36ksi

Fy=

2530 Kg/cm2

A req 7.817 cm2

1.212 in2

USAR PERFIL

2 L 2 x 2 x 3/16

AREA= 1.440 in2

9.290 cm2
VERIFICACION
r=

1.554 cm

L=

282.843 cm

181.953266
USAMOS PERFIL

300 OK

2 L 2 x 2 x 3/16

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

15

DISEO DE MONTANTE

(COMPRESION)

K=

L=

2.00 m

PU= 13.90 Tn

ESCOGEMOS UN PERFIL

Donde :

Ag =
r x=

2 L 2 x 2 x 3/8

2.730 in2 17.613 cm2

0.591 in

1.501 cm

Esbeltez
=

KL/r=

133.232077

200 OK

De la tabla de esfuerzos de diseo para mienbros en compresion -Acero =2530 Kg/cm2 (c=0.85)

KL/r=

133.232077

c Fcr = 12.01 Ksi

0.8477 Tn/cm2
AHORA P= c Fcr Ag
P=

USAMOS PERFIL :

14.9304282 Tn

>

13.90 Tn OK

2 L 2 x 2 x 3/8
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16

CERCHA 1

CUADRO DE RESUMEN
ELEMENTO
PERFIL
BRIDA SUPERIOR
2L 3 1/2 x 3 x 1/2
BRIDA INFERIOR
2 L3 x 3 x 3/8
MONTANTE
2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x 3/8
DIAGONAL
2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x 1/4

CERCHA 2

CUADRO DE RESUMEN
ELEMENTO
PERFIL
BRIDA SUPERIOR
2L 3 x 3 x 3/8
BRIDA INFERIOR
2 L 2 1/2 x 2 1/2 x1/4
MONTANTE
2 L 2 x 2 x 3/8
DIAGONAL
2 L 2 x 2 x 3/16

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

17

Estos perfiles los vamos a colocar en el modelo, para determinar las deflexiones mximas
de la cercha, que no supere el limite dado : L/360
L=20.00 m

Deformacin Mxima = L/360 = 0.0556 m

MODELO DE FORMADO DEBISO A LA CARGA VIVA

DEFORMACIONES:

DEFORMACIONES MAXIMAS
PARA U1
0.001276
-0.001483
PARA U2
0.000746
-0.000991
PARA U3
0
-0.010594

DEFORMAC PERMOBSERVA
0.0556
ION m OK
CION
0.0556 m OK
0.0556 m OK
0.0556 m OK
0.0556 m OK
0.0556 m OK

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

18

DEFORMACIONES EN LOS NODOS:

Joint
Text
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
25
26
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64

OutputCase
Text
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA

CaseType
Text
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic

TABLE: Joint Displacements

U1
U2
U3
m
m
m
-0.000831 -2.829E-06 -9.506E-06
0.000877 -5.644E-06 -0.000152
-0.000896 -0.000217 -0.002612
0.000795 -0.000017 -0.002793
0.000648 -0.000042 -0.005081
-0.000813 -0.000417
-0.00494
0.000453 -0.000067 -0.006831
-0.000614 -0.000582
-0.00673
0.00023 -0.000091 -0.007912
-0.000333 -0.000765 -0.007851
-1.635E-06 -0.000113 -0.008263
-2.037E-06 -0.000911 -0.008222
-0.000234 -0.000134 -0.007913
0.000329 -0.000991 -0.007852
-0.000456 -0.000155 -0.006835
0.000611 -0.000986 -0.006734
-0.000651 -0.000178 -0.005085
0.000809 -0.000817 -0.004944
-0.000799 -0.000209 -0.002796
0.000893 -0.000393 -0.002614
-0.000881 -0.000279 -0.000152
0.000829 -0.000015 -9.541E-06
0
0
0
0
0
0
-0.000994 -2.428E-06 -0.000018
0.00117 -5.793E-06 -0.000228
-0.001039 -0.000096 -0.003212
0.001062 -0.000017 -0.003403
0.000867 -0.000042
-0.00615
-0.000927 -0.000257 -0.006003
0.000611 -0.000067
-0.00825
-0.000694 -0.000397 -0.008145
0.000319 -0.000091 -0.009557
-0.000374 -0.000495 -0.009494
0.000015 -0.000113 -0.010006

R1
Radians
7.078E-07
-0.000019
0.000198
-0.000136
-0.000255
-0.000287
-0.000334
-0.000307
-0.000387
-0.000348
-0.00041
-0.000396
-0.000394
-0.000408
-0.000348
-0.000354
-0.000272
-0.000192
-0.000168
0.000251
-0.00005
3.986E-06
0
0
6.082E-07
-7.756E-06
-0.000014
-0.000077
-0.000133
-0.000087
-0.00018
-0.000153
-0.000209
-0.000197
-0.000222

R2
Radians
-0.000204
0.001387
0.00125
0.001093
0.000962
0.000875
0.00067
0.000646
0.000339
0.000334
0.00000159
5.789E-07
-0.000337
-0.000335
-0.000669
-0.000648
-0.000961
-0.000879
-0.001087
-0.001255
-0.00139
0.000204
0
0
-0.000243
0.001632
0.00171
0.001402
0.001185
0.001104
0.000823
0.000836
0.000422
0.000434
7.743E-06

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

19

R3
Radians
-4.612E-07
-0.00003
-0.000155
-0.000011
-0.000019
-0.000066
-0.000015
-0.000083
-0.000013
-0.000083
-9.882E-06
-0.000053
-6.397E-06
-0.00002
-3.196E-06
0.000038
-1.953E-07
0.000148
-0.000013
0.000263
-7.525E-06
8.408E-07
0
0
-4.621E-07
-0.000017
-0.000073
-0.000014
-0.000017
-0.000077
-0.000014
-0.000059
-0.000011
-0.000037
-8.914E-06

65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105

VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA
VIVA

LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic
LinStatic

-1.364E-06
-0.00029
0.000371
-0.000582
0.00069
-0.000838
0.000924
-0.001032
0.001034
-0.00114
0.00099
0
0
-0.001034
0.001219
-0.001081
0.001106
0.000904
-0.000966
0.000638
-0.000723
0.000333
-0.00039
0.000016
-1.823E-06
-0.000302
0.000386
-0.000607
0.00072
-0.000873
0.000962
-0.001075
0.001077
-0.001188
0.001031
0
0
-0.001028
0.001212
-0.001074
0.0011

-0.000548
-0.000134
-0.000553
-0.000155
-0.000503
-0.000178
-0.000376
-0.000209
-0.000164
-0.00028
4.587E-06
0
0
-4.422E-07
-6.152E-06
-0.000012
-0.000017
-0.000042
-0.000037
-0.000067
-0.000065
-0.00009
-0.000092
-0.000113
-0.000118
-0.000134
-0.000141
-0.000155
-0.000155
-0.000178
-0.000138
-0.000209
-0.000068
-0.000281
8.268E-06
0
0
-5.095E-07
-6.531E-06
-9.965E-06
-0.000017

-0.009964
-0.009588
-0.009525
-0.008312
-0.008206
-0.006245
-0.006097
-0.003531
-0.00334
-0.000393
-0.000018
0
0
-0.000019
-0.000236
-0.003339
-0.003538
-0.006399
-0.006246
-0.00859
-0.00848
-0.009956
-0.00989
-0.010426
-0.010382
-0.009991
-0.009925
-0.00866
-0.00855
-0.006504
-0.00635
-0.003676
-0.003477
-0.000408
-0.000019
0
0
-0.000019
-0.000235
-0.003321
-0.003518

-0.000217
-0.000213
-0.000205
-0.000186
-0.000161
-0.000144
-0.000063
-0.000088
0.0001
-0.000023
-1.498E-06
0
0
1.148E-07
0.00000103
4.159E-06
0.00000107
-2.377E-07
3.603E-06
-8.358E-07
1.629E-06
-1.112E-06
-7.638E-07
-8.49E-07
-3.078E-06
-6.796E-07
-4.485E-06
-1.872E-07
0.00000207
4.073E-07
0.000036
4.215E-06
0.000118
7.746E-06
-2.438E-06
0
0
1.326E-07
-4.202E-08
5.033E-06
1.854E-06

7.696E-06
-0.000407
-0.000419
-0.000807
-0.000821
-0.001168
-0.001079
-0.001389
-0.001735
-0.001578
0.000241
0
0
-0.000253
0.001698
0.001779
0.001459
0.001236
0.00115
0.000859
0.000872
0.000442
0.000454
8.803E-06
8.752E-06
-0.000424
-0.000436
-0.000842
-0.000856
-0.001218
-0.001125
-0.001446
-0.001807
-0.001649
0.000251
0
0
-0.000251
0.001688
0.001769
0.001451

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20

-0.000014
-6.392E-06
9.883E-06
-4.718E-06
0.000041
-0.00000397
0.000084
-0.000015
0.000114
-0.000017
1.003E-06
0
0
-5.019E-08
-3.407E-06
-9.968E-06
-7.958E-06
-0.000011
-0.000014
-9.843E-06
-0.000014
-9.203E-06
-0.000013
-8.583E-06
-0.000012
-7.846E-06
-0.00001
-8.073E-06
-0.00000196
-8.949E-06
0.00002
-0.00002
0.000045
-0.000029
5.336E-07
0
0
-4.151E-08
-1.987E-06
-8.157E-06
-7.104E-06

106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
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128
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130
131
132
133
134
135
136
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138
139
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141
142
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146

VIVA
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LinStatic
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

21

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147
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169
170
171
172
173
174
175
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177
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183
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185
186
187

VIVA
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LinStatic
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

22

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1.537E-06

188
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209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228

VIVA
VIVA
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LinStatic
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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

23

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229
230
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235
236
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238
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VIVA
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LinStatic
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0

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE PIURA

24

0.000079
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