History of television and film

Television and film has been around for a long time and over the years has evolved and
advanced in massive ways. One of the early forms of film was the kinetoscope. Created
in 1894 and was designed to be viewed by only 1 person at a time. The kinetoscope
itself did not actually create or project video, it only gave the person viewing it the
illusion of movement by having a light source and then placing a strip of film
perforations over it with sequential images on them and using a high speed shutter.
Basically creating a high speed slideshow.

In 1917 a big landmark was reached with the first film being shown in technicolour. The
film being The Gulf Between. Technicolour while not being the first method of adding
colour to film. The first was kinemacolour. Technicolour was the most widely used
method in Hollywood between the years of 1922 and 1952, the golden age of Hollywood.
Originally Technicolour used a 2 colour process using just red and green but soon
evolved to use a 3 colour process adding blue into the mix.

During 1927 the first ever feature film to have synchronized sound was released it was
called The Jazz Singer. During the time this films were reffered to as talkies. The Jazz
Singer was recorded using Vitaphone. Vitaphone was a system used for making films
with sound. It did not record the sound onto the film it instead recorded onto a separate

disk which one then accompany the film and be played separately on gramophone
nearby the films projector.
Also in 1927 the first all electronic television was created by a man named Philo
Farnsworth and was the first person to demonstrate any system like this to the public.
The device was called the image dissector and it worked by focusing a visual image
onto a layer of photosensitive material.
3D although very popular nowadays with modern films and sometimes television shows,
has actually been around in very primitive forms for a long time; the earliest being in
1915. It wasnt until 1952 however until the golden age of 3D began. The majority of
films during this time were filmed using dual strip projection meaning 2 projectors were
used during showings of the film. The film also used polaroid filters to reduce the glare
helping the 3D projection. 3D films died out for a number of years and returned in an
improved version in the mid 1980s with the introduction of IMAX allowing for a larger
stage for the 3D to be displayed.
In 1970 CGI was first introduced which opened up a whole new way of creating special
effects for film and television. Using computerized images as opposed to practical
effects like wearing a monster suit.
In 1975 a huge leap forward in the way television shows and films were recorded was
introduced, with the world first digital camera. Digital cameras instead of using a
chemical process such as analogue cameras used, used photo sensors to capture the
image which were then processed by computers to produce the image. It wasnt until
2002 however until the digital camera was used for a major feature film. Being Star
Wars: Attack of The Clones
In 1976 Sony introduced the betamax This was the first video home cassette player. It
allowed people to buy and own feature films to view from the comfort of their own home.
It also allowed people to record television shows using the cassette player allowing
people to have copies of shows aired on public television.

In 1988 Sky TV introduced the first ever satellite television service in the UK. Satellite
television uses a mini satellite dish that is installed at a person's house to receive
signals from orbiting satellite. Satellite television along with digital television was a huge
advancement in the way we watch television. The viewer now being offered 100s of
channels with perfect image quality as opposed to the small amount of channels that
were offered on the old analogue televisions where you would require an aerial to
receive an image that could be distorted depending on your signal strength. In 2012 the
UK did a countrywide switchover from analogue television to digital television with
analogue now being obsolete in the industry.
Today modern day technology is always evolving and advancing the way we create
and view television and film. With the introduction of internet TV and on demand viewing
people can now access and watch all of their favorite TV shows and films whenever
they want on their computers for just a fraction of the cost of what it used to be to buy
and rent. With the introduction of smart TVs which are television sets which have the
capabilities to be connected to the internet allow viewers to view Internet TV from the
comfort of their own sofa on their HDTV. 4k television sets allow the viewer to watch
their programmes and films with more detail in the image then ever before.
In the future who knows what new technologies could be introduced. With the rising
popularity of virtual reality in other sectors such as video gaming, it's only a matter of
time before we see it trickle of into the film and television industry. It could allow us to
experience or shows and films in a completely new way putting us right in the middle of
the action.

With the emergence of 48 fps in films like The Hobbit leading the way it won't be long
until more filmmakers take it on for their own project. In the end who knows what the
next big thing is it could be something completely new that we haven't even thought of
yet.

Refrences: http://movies.stackexchange.com/questions/1578/what-was-the-first-fulllength-feature-film-shot-completely-with-digital-cameras
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-definition_television
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_film
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television_in_the_United_Kingdom#Digit
al_switchover http://www.datesandevents.org/events-timelines/08-television-inventiontimeline.htm https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/important-dates-in-television-history
http://www.earlytelevision.org/color.html
Images from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetoscope
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_perforations
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gulf_Between_(1917_film)
https://www.htcvive.com/uk/ http://www.bidnessetc.com/57208-sony-betamax-tapeskids-today-will-never-know-what-they-were/