Mufarej Al khalifa

Instructor: Judith Listman

Assignment: Vitamins - Chapter 8
F&N 303 Essentials of Nutrition
Purdue University
April 15, 2016

1. Toxicity is greater in fat soluble vitamins because they are not so easily excreted as
water soluble vitamins.
2. Fruits and vegetables which are red, orange or dark green in color are most likely to
have carotenoids.
3. The primary functions of Vitamin D are to regulate calcium and help in bone
metabolism. People who are old, they need supplemental vitamin D. Also another
unique function of Vitamin D is the exposure of skin to sunlight. It helps absorb
vitamin D needed to meet body needs. Older people do not expose themselves much
to sunlight, thus there occurs an issue with the vitamin D.
4. Vitamin E is found in plant oils and acts as an antioxidant. Vitamin E helps as a
neutralizer and it donates electrons to free radical compounds. This protects the cell
membranes and red blood cells from damage.
5. Miling removes thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B-6, Vitamin E, iron, zinc,
magnesium, and potassium. And
6. The best food sources for thiamin include- cornflakes, whole grains, pork, milk,
squash, corn, soy, legumes, enriched cereals, and acorn.
7. The signs of a riboflavin deficiency include- sore throat, weakness, swollen tongue,
skin cracking, dermatitis and anemia. Also it can cause problems in vision and the
eyes can become easily fatigued.
8. Three signs of niacin deficiency pellagra include- vomiting and nausea, indigestion
and diarrhea, and memory loss.
9. The RDA should be 1.3-1.7 milligrams per day, the DV should be 2 milligrams and
the UV for B6 is 100 milligrams per day. The RDA is important since it facilitates the
protein metabolism, but excess of it can cause malfunctioning of the nervous system.
10. Pantothenic acid is involved in energy metabolism because it helps in burning of
carbohydrates, fats, and proteins as fuel sources for the human body.