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TipsonEvaluatingTeaching
JoeySprague
UniversityofKansas

Theresearchliteratureincognitivesocialpsychologyshowsthatweallusegenderandraceasprimaryframes
throughwhichweperceiveoneanotherandhasidentifiedfactorsthatcaneitherexacerbateormitigatethese
biases.Researchonstudentevaluationofteachingshowsstudentsholdteachersaccountableforgendered
expectationsingenderspecificways.Studentsalsopunishwomenmorethanmenforbadgrades.Hereare
someideasthatevaluatorswhowanttomitigatetheconsequencesofbiasshouldconsider.

Increasethereliabilityofquantitativemeasures
Askonlywhatstudentsarecompetenttoanswer
Beconcrete:generaloroverallassessmentsinvitestereotyping
MakeStandardsexplicit(insteadofisavailable,stateexpectationandaskifitisbeingmet)
MinimizeSalienceofGender(avoidloadedwordslikecaring)
MinimizeTimePressure(keepthenumberofitemsshort)
Usemultiplemeasuresofteachingeffectiveness(seebelow)

Improvetheanalysisofquantitativedata
UseMedians:theyarelesssusceptiblethanmeanstothedistortingimpactofoutliers
AnalyzeVariance:examinethedistributionofscoreswithinthesameclassandforthesameinstructor
acrossclasses.
Domultivariateanalyses,controllingforstudentsgender,race,expectedgrade,andwhetherornot
theclassisrequired.

IncreasingtheValidityoftheEvaluation

EvaluationResearchMethodologistsstresstwocrucialstepsshouldprecedeevaluation:1)makingthedesired
outcomesclearandconcreteand2)specifyingtheindicatorsofthoseoutcomes.Whatarethegoalsyouare
tryingtoachieveinevaluatingteaching?Whatwouldbevalidandreliableindicatorsofthedegreetowhich
thosegoalsarebeingachieved?Hereisastart:

Goals
Indicators
CommunicateCurrentContentoftheField
Syllabus
Studentlearning
Studentwork
Teachingpracticesthatenhancelearning
Observationofinteractioninclassroomsettings
Exercises,labs,andotherassignments
Teacherskilldevelopment
Reflectiveessaysdiscussingmodificationsovertime
Participationintrainingopportunities

Donecorrectly,thedevelopmentofthismaterialisnotonerousandpromotesthedevelopmentofateachers
skill.Facultybegincollectingthedataintheirfirstsemesterofteaching.Departmentmentorsperiodically
reviewmaterialsandprovideadvicethatfacultycanincorporateinfuturesemesters.Departmentsthen
provideawrittenassessmentofprogressovertimeaspartoftheTenureandPromotiondossier.

Moredetailedstandardsforevaluatingteachingandlearningareathttp://www.cte.ku.edu/documenting/

Laube,Heather,KellyMassoni,JoeySprague,andAbbyFerber.2007.TheImpactofGenderontheEvaluationofTeaching:WhatWe
KnowandWhatWeCanDo.NationalWomensStudiesAssociationJournal19,3:87104.
Sprague,JoeyandKelleyMassoni.2005.StudentEvaluationsAndGenderedExpectations:WhatWeCantCountCanHurtUs.Sex
Roles:AJournalofResearch53,1112:779793.

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