Name___Vanessa Perez______________________

Date_4/11/16______

Genomes, Chromosomes, and DNA Web Quest

Topic: Genomes and Chromosomes
Go to: http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/hgp/genome
1. What is a genome? An organisms complete set of DNA, including all of its
genes.

2. On the left hand side, click on cells and DNA. Explore this site to answer the
following questions:
a. What is a chromosome? In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is
packaged.

b. When are chromosomes visible? The DNA that makes up chromosomes

becomes more tightly packed during cell division and is then visible under
a microscope.

c. What is a centromere? Centromere on each chromosome gives the

chromosome its characteristic shape, and can be used to help describe
the location of specific genes.

d. How many chromosomes do people have? 23 pairs of chromosomes

Go to: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/traits/karyotype/
3. What is a karyotype? An organized profile of a person's chromosomes

Modeling Instruction AMTA 2012

Unit 6 Growth and Reproduction

Name___Vanessa Perez______________________

Date_4/11/16______

4. Match the chromosomes to complete the karyotype (turn on hints for help). Is the
karyotype from a male or female? How do you know? Male. Two chromosomes
specify gender XX for female and XY for male.

5. Predict what would happen if a person has the incorrect number of

chromosomes. Write your prediction here. Having the incorrect number of
chromosome can cause genetic disorders.

6. Do a quick google search to find the answer to question 5.

As a class you determined that chromosomes must be duplicated before the cell can
divide. This process is called DNA Replication.
Topic: DNA Replication
Go to: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/shockwave.html
Click: DNA replication (upper left) and then click unzip Read the script, answer the
questions below, and then, click OK.
1. In a real cell, what does the DNA molecule do before it unzips? the molecule strays
from parts that are made of protein, then it untwists

2.

What molecules break the rungs (bases) apart? Enzymes

Drag the correct bases over to synthesize the new DNA halves.
Read script, answer questions, and then click OK.
Modeling Instruction AMTA 2012

Unit 6 Growth and Reproduction

Name___Vanessa Perez______________________
3.

Date_4/11/16______

How many base pairs are in the real human genome? 3 billion

Go to: http://nobelprize.org/educational_games/medicine/dna_double_helix/
Click on Play DNA Game; Click next and reading each page, continue to click next
until you come to the game.; Click on organism #1 and match the base pairs as fast as
you can! It is hard.
Click Next and then click on each organism until you identify the one that belongs to
chromosome #1; continue playing the game with the other two chromosomes, filling in
the chart below.
Be careful, other teams may get different results.
Chromosome #
1

How many
chromosomes?
19

How many
base pairs?
2500

How many
genes?
22000

What is the
organism?
House mouse

4.4

3900

Mycobacterium
Tuberculosis

180

13500

Fruit Fly

Topic: Mutations
Go to: http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/mutations_03
Read the information and fill out the table below:
Type of mutation
Substitution

Description
A mutation that exchanges one base
for another.

Effect on resulting protein

A change an amino-acid-coding causes
an incomplete protein.

Insertion

Are mutations in which extra base

pairs are inserted in a new place.

Introduces premature codons

Deletion

Are mutations in which a section of

Can alter a gene so that its message is

Modeling Instruction AMTA 2012

Unit 6 Growth and Reproduction

Name___Vanessa Perez______________________

Frameshift

Date_4/11/16______

DNA is lost, or deleted.

no longer correct

a gene messages are no longer

correctly parsed

In frameshifts, an error occurs at the DNA

level, causing the codons to be passed
on wrong.

Modeling Instruction AMTA 2012

Unit 6 Growth and Reproduction