Denise Wold
March 16, 2016
I. Needs Assessment
A. General Data
1. Description of Site
Oasis A Safe Haven is a safe haven for survivors of domestic and sexual
violence located in Lake Charles, Louisiana. It was established in 1979 and
was the 2nd established shelter in the state of Louisiana. Oasis is operated
under the direction of a Board of Directors, Executive Director, staff and
volunteers. The function of Oasis is to create social change through
empowerment and support for victims of domestic violence and sexual
assault, safe shelter for women age 18 years and older, and their children as
well as community education. They are funded by grants from
the government, as well as personal and corporate donations. [1]
2.
3.
The Executive Director is over the agency. There are 3 supervisors. One is
the Director of Legal over the restraining orders to protect victims. The
program director handles all of the reports that go into funding the
establishment. The director of family services is over the advocate office and
children department. They have 5 full time advocates that work directly with
the residents and non-residents. The receptionist takes in all calls into the
shelter. The Administrative Assistant to the program director handles all of
the payroll duties. The domestic violence educator presents educational
material to the community. There are 3 sexual assault employees. One
handles the outreach advocates in community support groups. The other two
are volunteer coordinator and a community educator. [1]
4.
5.
The shelter itself does not provide any dental services, however a local
dentist volunteers to treat any victim that has suffered damage directly from
domestic violence. The shelter provides the residents with toothbrushes,
toothpaste, and dental floss and mouth rinse for them to maintain good oral
health. There have been no previous Dental Programs at this shelter. The staff
only has basic knowledge of dental health, and they have no formal training
to speak of. Southwest Louisiana (SWLA) is a resource that is available to
C.
A larger part of this population has a history of low SES as well as drug use.
The reduction of dental caries in older adults has been reduced, but
disparities still exist. These disparities are often directly related to sex,
ethnicity, and SES. [4]
The respondents were asked to check all the injuries they had experienced,
and many responded with more than one location and/or type of injury
(N=210). This accounts for the number of locations and injuries being higher
than the number of participants. The most common location of injury was the
lip (29 percent, N=61). Other common locations included the face (21
percent, N=45), the neck (14 percent, N=30), and the tongue (5 percent,
N=11). Other injuries included broken teeth (15 percent, N=32), broken jaw
(7 percent, N=14), lost teeth (5 percent, N=11), and other (3 percent, N=6).
Other responses included dislocated jaw, black eye, and broken nose. [5]
Goal:
To provide a preventive dental health program for the non-residents of Oasis Safe
Haven that will allow them to obtain knowledge of healthy behaviors that they
can use now and in the future.
Objectives:
1.
To develop a dental health resource list for the residents of Oasis Safe
Haven.
2.
3.
4.
Rational:
A study was conducted by the Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research to assess
the effect of domestic violence and oral health behavior and status of females
attending community outreach programs. This study showed that domestic
violence has a significant influence on oral health behavior and oral health status
of women. [6]
The effects of domestic violence does not just impact the physical and
psychological wellbeing of a person, it also impacts their dental health.
Depression may lead to poor dental health as a result of a cariogenic diet. The
stress experienced may lead to diseases like cold sores, bruxism, canker sores, and
periodontal disease. The abusive partner is often very controlling and does not
allow the battered partner access to health or dental care. It has been documented
that 38.7% of injuries incurred by domestic violence are found in the head and
neck region. [6]
Program Design:
dentifrices. We will also present a list of resources to the non-resident for dental
care, and a post-test.
Review topics learned in previous sessions
Discuss what the non-residents have learned from the lessons
Distribute a list of dental care resources to the non-residents
Post-test
Constraints and alternative strategies: Dental costs may be too expensive for the
non-residents to utilize. - Provide them a list for future reference. The group of
non-residents may vary from week to week. - Provide pamphlets and brochures.
Education levels may pose an issue in learning the information. - Use visual aids.
Non-residents may be removed from the program for misconduct - Provide them
with brochures. Residents may not be interested in the information. -
Resources:
Dry Mouth (Xerostomia), Open Wide and Trek Inside" brochures from
nidcr.nih.gov
Southwest Dental Clinic (SWLA)
Local dentist
Healthy Teeth for a Lifetime, Brochure from www.colate.com
Budget:
Toothbrushes: Donated by Colgate Pharmaceuticals
Toothpaste: Donated by Colgate Pharmaceuticals
Mouthwash: Donated by Johnson and Johnson
$1.00
$3.00
Timetable:
Tuesday March 15, 2016
Tuesday March 22, 2016
Tuesday March 29, 2016
Tuesday April 5, 2016
Evaluation:
Formative Evaluation:
1. Meet with the non-residents once a week to ensure that all needs were
met during the oral health program presentations and that all
educational needs were addressed.
2. A verbal question and answers session will be conducted at the end of
each presentation to determine whether the non-residents understood
the information being presented.
Summative:
1. We will provide the non-residents a dental resource list that will provide
dental treatment.
2. The program counselor will make annual contact with the local dentist
and SWLA to assess the rate of utilization for restorative services for
the non-resident patients.
3. We will provide the non-residents with a pre-test to determine their oral
health knowledge.
4. We will provide the non-residents with a post-test to assess and compare
their daily oral hygiene habits.
5. We will provide the program counselor with a questionnaire at the end
of the oral health program that will allow her to assess the success of
the program. This will also allow her to offer any suggestions or
changes that she feels will be helpful to the success of the program.
References:
1. Kathy Williams, director of Oasis Safe Haven.
2. Oasis Safe Haven. (n.d.) Oasis a safe haven for survivors of domestic and sexual
violence. N.P.: n.p.
4. Dent Clin North Am. (2014, October). Oral health disparity in older adults: dental
decay and tooth loss. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25201540
5. Nelms, A.P..(2009, January 9) What Victims of Domestic Violence Need from the
dental Profession. Retrieved from http://www.jdentaled.org/content/73/4/490.full
6. Domestic Violence and its Effect on Oral Health Behavior and Oral Health Status.
(2014, November). Retrieved from
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4290319/
7. Dental Caries (Tooth Decay) in Adults (Age 20-64). (2014, September 05). Retrieved
from
http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/DataStatistics/FindDataByTopic/DentalCaries/DentalCariesAdu
lts20to64.htmpdxscholar.library.pdx.edu
Appendix:
Pretest/Posttest
1.How many times a day is it recommended that you brush your teeth?
A. One
B. Two
C. After each meal
2. How long should you brush your teeth?
A. 1 minute
B. 2 minutes
C. 5 minutes
3. What causes cavities?
A. Sugar
B. Food
C. Acid produced by bacteria
4. Given the options, what is the best way to prevent cavities?
A. Eat a protein with each meal
B. Chew sugar free gum
Lesson Plans:
Topic: The subject matter of this lesson is non-residents of Oasis Safe Haven and
how to obtain knowledge of health oral health behaviors that they can use now
and in the future.
Lesson #1:
Objectives:
1. The non-residents will choose to accept the importance of proper daily oral
hygiene brushing techniques. (application)
Content Outline:
While tooth brushing seems to be a very basic activity, there are certain techniques that
are more beneficial than others in order maintain a healthy oral cavity. When brushing, it
is not about how hard your brush, it is all about technique and time for plaque removal.
I.
Activities:
A. Initiatory Activities:
1)
First we will introduce ourselves as Denise and Joy from the LIT Dental
Hygiene Program.
2)
3) We will ask the non-residents the question, Who likes to kiss someone
who has not brushed their teeth?
4)
B. Developmental Activities:
1)
2)
C. Culminating Activities:
1)
We will give the non-residents the handout Healthy Teeth for a Lifetime
to express the importance of brushing daily to remove plaque and
encourage them to make this a daily habit.
2)
Lastly, we will ask the non-residents questions regarding plaque and tooth
brushing techniques and allow them to express their knowledge gained
from the lesson. The correct answers will be discussed and we will thank
everyone for participating.
Evaluation:
The pretest was given as a way to evaluate the knowledge of the non-residents
prior to the lesson and questions were asked following the lesson.
Lesson #2:
Objectives:
Content Outline:
I.
I.
J.
K.
A. Initiatory Activities:
1) First we will introduce ourselves as Denise and Joy from the LIT Dental
Hygiene Program.
2) Next we will introduce the topics of periodontal disease and flossing
3) We will ask the non-residents the question, Who thinks it is normal or ok
for your hands to bleed when you wash them?
4) We will ask the non-residents, Who knows what periodontal disease is?
B. Developmental Activities:
1)
First, we will explain to the non-residents that today we will be discussing
2)
C. Culminating Activities:
1) Lastly, we will ask the non-residents questions regarding periodontal
disease and flossing techniques and allow them to express their knowledge
gained from the lesson. The correct answers will be discussed and we will
thank everyone for participating.
A. Visual Aid
1) Video: Periodontal Disease & Treatment
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kXI4AFEeHA8
B. Demonstration:
1) Typodont
2) Floss
Evaluation:
The pretest was given as a way to evaluate the knowledge of the non-residents
prior to the lesson and questions were asked following the lesson.
Lesson #3:
Objectives:
(comprehension)
Content Outline:
I.
Activities:
A. Initiatory Activities:
1) First we will introduce ourselves as Denise and Joy from the LIT Dental
Hygiene Program.
2) Next we will introduce the topics of cavities and fluoride
3) We will ask the non-resident the question, If you knew that the bacteria
that is left on your teeth all night from not brushing and flossing before
you went to bed, pooped acid on your teeth all night, would you still go to
bed without brushing or flossing?
B. Developmental Activities:
1) First, we will explain to the non-residents that today we will be discussing
cavities and fluoride, and present to them a video on this subject.
2) We will provide a video that shows where and how cavities form and how
to prevent them.
3) We will show the non-residents soft and medium toothbrushes, toothpaste,
floss and mouth rinse
C. Culminating Activities:
1) Lastly, we will express how important daily care of their oral cavity is and
encourage them to make this a daily behavior.
2) We will ask the non-residents questions regarding fluoride and various
oral hygiene products and allow them to express their knowledge gained
from the lesson. The correct answers will be discussed and we will thank
everyone for participating.
Materials and Resources:
A. Visual Aids
1) Video: Tooth Decay (Dental Caries) https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=_oIlv59bTL4
2) Video: Fluoride Benefits https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=JGrZn7xw8A4
Evaluation:
The pretest was given as a way to evaluate the knowledge of the non-residents
prior to the lesson and questions were asked following the lesson.
Lesson # 4:
Objectives:
last. (knowledge)
4. The non-residents will explain what periodontal disease is. (comprehension)
5. The non-residents will explain what gingivitis is. (comprehension)
6. The non-residents will explain what periodontitis is. (comprehension)
7. The non-residents will list different dentifrices that can be used to better their
oral health. (comprehension)
8. The non-residents will explain the benefits of fluoride. (comprehension)
9. The non-residents will describe adequate brushing techniques. (comprehension)
10. The non-residents will describe the proper flossing technique.
(comprehension)
Content Outline:
I.
eat.
2) Contains bacteria
B. What causes plaque
1) Sugar foods
2) Carbohydrates (bread, potatoes, cereal)
3) Normal eating habits
C. What is the proper way to brush your teeth
1) Gentle strokes that allow the bristles to enter under the gum line and
roll away from the gum line. 10-15 strokes for each position, not
removing the bristles from under the gums between strokes.
2) Brush the outer and inner chewing surfaces, tongue and palate
3) Brush for 2 minutes at a 45-degree angle to the gum line.
D. What is periodontal disease
1) Perio means around and dontal refers to teeth. So periodontal
disease is an infection of the structures around the teeth, which
include the gums, ligaments and bone
E. What is gingivitis
1) Inflammation of the gum tissue
F. What is periodontitis
1) A serious gum infection that damages gums and destroys the bone
that supports your teeth
G. What does flossing do
1) Removes food particles that toothbrushes cant
H. How do I floss
1) Use 18 in of floss
2) Wrap around fingers
3) Slide between your teeth
4) Curve around the tooth in a c-shape
5) Scrape the floss against the tooth in an up and down motion
making sure to go beneath the gum line.
I. What are cavities
1) Bacterial infection that destroys hard tissue of the teeth
2) Tooth decay
3) Most common disease among humans
J. Why is fluoride important
Activities:
A. Initiatory Activities:
1. First we will introduce ourselves as Denise and Joy from the LIT Dental
Hygiene Program.
2. We will tell the non-residents that we will be reviewing the material that
we have covered in the previous lessons.
B. Developmental Activities:
1. First we will explain to the non-residents that today we will be discussing
plaque, calculus, brushing, flossing, periodontal disease, cavities, fluoride,
and various dentifrices.
2. We will ask the non-residents, What information do you remember most
about the previous lessons and why?
3. We will provide the non-residents with a list of dental resources for them
to utilize.
C. Culminating Activities:
1. Lastly, the post-test will be distributed and we will allow the non-residents
to express their knowledge gained from the lessons, and the correct
answers will be announced. We will thank everyone for participating in
our lessons and activities.
Evaluation:
The post-test was given as a way to evaluate the knowledge of the non-residents
at the end of the oral health program.