Hin ti vic dng Internet cp quang kh ph bin Vit Nam, bi vit trnh by mt vi

c im ca hai cng ngh chnh trn cp quang l AON v PON.

Vic khng ngng pht trin ca cc dch v trc tuyn nh Game, HDTV... khin nhu cu bng
thng ca ngi dng ngy cng tng, tc trn cp ng truyn thng trong tng lai chc chn
s khng th p ng. Chnh v vy, trong tng lai, khng ch doanh nghip cn tc ca cp
quang m c ngi dng gia nh cng s cn, nht l khi gi thnh ngy cng r hn.
AON (Active Optical Network - mng cp quang ch ng) l kin trc mng im - im (point
to point); thng thng mi thu bao c mt ng cp quang ring chy t thit b trung tm
(Access Node) n thu bao (FTTH Fiber to the Home) nh hnh 1.

AON c nhiu u im nh: tm ko dy xa (ln n 70km m khng cn b lp (repeater)), tnh

bo mt cao (do vic can thip nghe ln (eavesdropping) trn ng truyn gn nh l khng th),
d dng nng cp bng thng thu bao khi cn, d xc nh li Tuy nhin, cng ngh AON cng
c khuyt im l chi ph cao do: vic vn hnh cc thit b trn ng truyn u cn ngun cung
cp, mi thu bao l mt si quang ring, cn nhiu khng gian cha cp

Hnh nh thc t thit b chia cp cng ngh AON nhng thit b t tin m bo cht lng
mng truyn dn

Ngoi m hnh trn, trong thc t ty vo nhu cu bng thng thu bao, cc nh cung cp cng kt
hp cp quang vi cp ng gim chi ph, c th nh cp quang chy t Access Node ti tng
i DSLAM v t DSLAM cung cp cc dch v truy cp bng rng ph bin nh ADSL2+, VDSL2
(Hnh 2)
PON (Passive Optical Network) l kin trc mng im - nhiu im (point to multipoint). gim
chi ph trn mi thu bao, ng truyn chnh s i t thit b trung tm OLT (Optical Line
Termination) qua mt thit b chia tn hiu (Splitter) v t thit b ny mi ko n nhiu ngi dng
(c th chia t 32 64 thu bao). Splitter khng cn ngun cung cp, c th t bt k u nn nu
trin khai cho nhiu thu bao th chi ph gim ng k so vi AON. Do Splitter khng cn ngun nn
h thng cng tit kim in hn v khng gian cha cp cng t hn so vi AON.

Tuy nhin PON cng c nhiu khuyt im nh kh nng cp bng thng khi thu bao yu cu (do
kin trc im n nhiu im s nh hng n nhng thu bao khc trong trng hp dng
ht bng thng), kh xc nh li hn do 1 si quang chung cho nhiu ngi dng, tnh bo mt
cng khng cao bng AON (c th b nghe ln nu khng m ha d liu). (hnh 3)
Ty vo nhu cu bng thng thu bao, PON cng c th s dng kt hp vi cp ng trin khai
mng ADSL2+, VDSL2 nh hnh 4.

Bng so snh hai cng ngh

Cng ngh
AON
Bng thng trn mi thu bao
100Mbps 1Gbps

Tng bng thng tm thi cho

thu bao
(cn sao lu d phng my
ch, chng hn)
S thu bao b nh hng khi
c li
Thi gian xc nh li
Kh nng b nghe ln
tin cy ca ng cp n
thu bao

Chi ph trin khai

Chi ph vn hnh

n gin

PON
2,5Gbps/1,25Gbps nu
khng dng splitter, trin
khai theo m hnh im im, tuy nhin thng
chia thnh 1:32 (78Mbps)
hay 1:64 (39Mbps).
Phc tp

Nhiu

Nhanh
Rt thp
Cao do ty m hnh khch
hng c th c kt ni
theo dual-homing (c 2
ng truyn khc nhau),
vng trn (ring) hay 2 kt
ni
Cao do mi thu bao l
mt si quang ring

Chm hn
Cao
Thp, khng c phng n
2 kt ni trn mt PON

Cao cc thit b nh

Thp v si quang t OLT

s c chia s cho nhiu
thu bao qua b chia th
ng (passive splitter)
Thp do OLT kch thc

Chi ph nng cp

Access Node cn cp
ngun v kch thc cng
ln, yu cu khng gian.
Khng gian cho cp cng
cn nhiu.
Thp, do c tnh im
n im nn vic nng
cp bng thng n gin,
chng hn ch cn thay
thit b u cui (CPE)

nh v passive splitter
khng cn ngun. Phc v
khong 8000 thu bao ch
cn khng gian ca mt t
rack
Cao do mt ton b thu
bao trong mt dy PON (t
OLT qua splitter n ngi
dng) phi c nng cp.