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Reflexes and Reactions

Reflexes: Guest Presenter- Cooper Steets!

Tonic labyrinthine: flexor tone dominates

ATNR (begin to lose at 4 months)
Hand grasp (begin to lose at 4 months)
Foot grasp (begin to lose at 9 months)
Moro (4 months)
Head in space: body tries to center itself (2 months)
Landau (3 months)
Downward parachute: legs first (4 months)
Forward parachute: head first (7 months)
Key Terminology

Reflexes
Newborn brain
Involuntary movements
Emergence of voluntary control
Myelination
Why important?
Muscle tone
Hypertonus

Hypotonus
Motor Skills
Ontogenetic

Phylogenetic
Principles of Motor Development
Continuity
Uniform Sequence

Direction of Maturing Movement

General-to-specific
Cephalocaudal direction

Proximodistal coordination
Bilateral to Cross-Lateral Movement
Bilateral (4 months)
Unilateral (6 or 7 months)

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Crosslateral (8 or 9 months)
Tonic Labyrinthine (TLR)
Characteristics
Prone
Supine
Movement inhibited:
Age disappears (4 months)
Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex (ATNR)
Characteristics:
Movement inhibited:

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Age disappears (4 months)

Symmetrical tonic Neck Reflex (STNR)

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Characteristics
Prone
Supine
Movement inhibited:
Age appears and disappears (appears 5-6 months and disappears around 9 months)
Hand Grasp Reflex

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Hand Grasp Reflex

Characteristics:
Movement inhibited:

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Age begins to disappears (4 months)

Foot Grasp Reflex
Characteristics:
Movement inhibited:

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Age disappears (9 months)

Moro Reflex
Characteristics:
Movement inhibited:
Age begins to disappear (4 months)

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Troublesome Reflexes
ATNR
Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex

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Hand grasp reflex

Reactions

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Ability to support body against pull of gravity

Play important role in balance and posture
Generally take over after reflexes are lost and persist throughout life
Righting Reactions

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Generally take over after reflexes are lost and persist throughout life
Righting Reactions
Head in Space:
Age appears (begins around 2-3 months)
Landau (superman!)
Age appears (begins around 3 months)
Body derotative
Age appears (4 months)

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Righting Reactions, cont.

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Body Derotative:
Age begins to appear (4-5 months)
Parachute Reactions

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General description
Downward (4 months)
Sideways (6-8)
Forward (7)
Backwards (9)
Tilting Reaction
Characteristics:
Age appears (begins at 6 months)

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Walking!

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Walking!

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Images
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Stick_Figure.svg/170px-Stick_Figure.svg.png

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Images
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Stick_Figure.svg/170px-Stick_Figure.svg.png
http://www.besttoddlerbike.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/09/toddler-bike-boy.jpg
http://manbicep.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/crawling_baby_250px1.gif
http://www.practicingparents.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/stages.jpg