Samantha Truxal

Truxal 1

English 1010
Paul Anderson
4/25/2016
ERP
Introduction
The questions I started with for my ERP paper was What was the view of both sides of global
warming, what research and solutions are there to combat global warming, and what are the effects of
global warming? These questions are complex and problematic because there is different claims from
both sides, what effects are happening and what is not from both sides, there is also research thats been
done backing up the other side claim, there is not just one solution but many, and there is also so much
research being done now and in the future on global warming. Im interested in global warming
because it effects all of us in so many ways. It effects our food, or way of living, and so much more. As
a chef Im very concerned about this if we allow global warming to continue it will make food a shell
of its former self or even worse it will be gone all together. Without this people will be unable to eat
and it will destroy the career Ive worked so hard for and Im so passionate about. It will be a domino
effect that will end in terrible consequences. I wanted to find more then what was being published on
the news. I wanted to get under the thin veil and find out about the elephant in the room.
Background
Even though a slight rise in temperature many not seem that bad to some it is actually a dramatic
transformation of the planet. It began in 1896, when Svante Arrhenius a Swedish scientist claimed that
fossil fuels would eventually result in global warming. In 1980, global warming temperature curve
started to rise. From 1998, to today the green house effect began to change because of media
influences. Now a days fewer and fewer people are thinking of global warming as a theory and
referring to it as climate change.

Sources

Figure 1 : Effects of global warming from honorsadvising.blog.wku.edu

For my first source I chose Johnson, Toni. Alternate Views on Climate Change Council on
Foreign Relations. Council on Foreign Relations, 23, February 2010. Web. When I started to research
my first source I used google.com. I put the key words: alternative views on climate warming. It pulled
up many articles on both sides of global warming. I chose the "Alternative Views on Climate Change"
by Toni Johnson published on February 23, 2010. It is published on the council on foreign relations
website. I chose this articles because the writer seemed to have good creditably to me because in her
article it wasn't really bias it was more of why both sides of the arguments have there reasons for
believing in global warming or not. She presented the facts straight forward and didn't put any side
comments on how she felt about the issue or statements made by people. For this article the target
audience is government officials, journalist, scholars, and diplomats. The purpose of this article is to
show both sides of the issue and inform and educate. How the writer persuaded her audience is through
political statements, arguments from both sides over same evidence, and statements from news articles.
As you can see by her audience she chose these points from each group to persuade and use what they
would expect to read. In the next section I will be summarizing the article to give you some more
information. The authors main point is that the debates we see are sometimes confusing, it seems that
there is an endless series of claims and counterclaims on both sides with science and policy solutions.

Her supporting arguments include: Mainstream view versus skeptics, main points of disagreement,
blaming human activity, defining harm, halting climate change, and policy making and uncertainty.
She really doesn't have just one side that she really argues about she speaks for both sides and never
undermines either group. You can really tell from her writings that she inform her audience into making
there own decision. Not undermining a certain group that she agrees with. My view point on the issue
is pro global warming. I feel there is strong evidence to back up global warming and I feel that we
should have policies to reduce greenhouse and support research and engineers to build better resources
that doesn't effect the earth in such a negative way. I did appreciate that the writer was not bias in this
article. She was professional and allowed the reader to make a informed decision about the issue. She
didn't talk down to the readers that might oppose her views she just simply stated the facts she had and
presented them. This article contributes to the understanding to my question in many ways it shows
why deniers don't believe in global warming or why they don't believe humans are the cause. It shows
their stance on why we shouldn't believe everything that the scientific community has to say, and it
shows why our government shouldn't make policies about global warming when we don't know the true
cause of it yet. I learned that not all of the people against global warming are deniers but they just
believe that there is not enough evidence to prove humans are the cause. Also I learned why they
believe that global warming isn't happening and that we shouldn't believe everything that scientist
publish in their findings. And lastly I learned that pro global warming groups feel that we need to have
government policy to reduce emissions so we can start to fix the effects of global warming before they
become catastrophic. What I feel is missing from this article is that she doesn't really present logos in
her article, there is no real statement on how the people against global warming will do research or
prove that humans and greenhouse gasses are not the cause of global warming, and I also feel that the
article is a little dry even for the target market of this article which is government officials, journalist,
diplomats, and scholars.

Figure 2: Pollution on the Planet from silicon.corn.org

For my second source I chose Cromie, William. Global Warming is Not so Hot Harvard University
Gazette. Harvard University, 23, April 2003. Web. I started my research for my second source on
google.com. I used the keywords Harvard Research on global warming because they are very credible
source. I found many articles and I chose "Global Warming is not so hot" by William J Cromie. It was
published on the Harvard Gazette on April 24, 2003. I chose this article because it comes from a
creditable source, and shows current extensive research done by Harvard on global warming. I also
chose this source to advance my research because it showed evidence brought to light by the pro global
warming group that had evidence that supported the people against global warming were claiming. My
previous article was lacking research and evidence for the opposing side. Which I found in this article
from the Harvard Gazette. This article contributes to my question in a number of ways and it also adds
what was missing from my last research article. It shows research about global warming that it was
actually warmer in the Medieval Warming period then now which the people against global warming
were claiming, it contributes evidence to not only pro global warming but also non global warming,
and it shows that research is not bias it can go either way no matter what side it comes from. I have
learned so much from this article from Harvard which include: that after the Little Ice Age and the
Medieval Warming period it was warmer then now, I learned that tree ring data backs up this claim, and
that when Harvard did research on previous papers on weather in ancient times that they saw a clear

pattern of warmer temperatures during these time periods. What I feel is missing from this source is
more information on the research that Harvard did it mentioned it but it didn't go into full details about
the research. Also it was missing details about how they are going to advance their computers to better
help understand weather patterns from ancient times and now. Also I felt they should have mentioned
some of the teachers and staff that are putting so much time into their research to better understand this
issue and come up with evidence and solutions. The authors argument is that even know this evidence
helped the opposing side they will use it to better understand the changing climate. The author begins
the article by discussing the current weather changes that have been going on which include: droughts,
more storms, and endless winters. He then jumps into the research that Harvard did to study the
weather for the past 1,000 years. They researched cores, tree rings, fossils, corals, glaciers, and pollen.
They came to the conclusion that the little ice age and medieval warming period was actually hotter
than today. These findings were published in Journal of Energy and Environments on April 11. Then he
goes into discussing how they are trying to improve computers to simulate natural and human
influences on the earths climate. They are hoping they can use this information to better forecast
climate and to help get policies passed to reduce emissions. Then he concludes by discussing how
evidence show that the warmer and colder occurred not just in Europe but in places all over the world.
My response to this article is very pleasing even though it didn't support their side they still published it
and are using that information to better understand climate change. It just shows that they are using this
research for the better good of the earth instead of to better themselves. They may have not won this
round but I'm sure they will next time.

Figure 3: 10 signs of global warming from cpo.noaa.gov

For my third source I chose Bradford, Alima. "Effects of Global warming". Livescience.com. Purch,
17 December 2014.Web. I found this source with google.com I used the keywords which included:
Effects of global warming. Many results came up and I chose livescience.com because it had lots of
details of research and predictions about global warming is effecting the earth. This was one of my key
points that was missing from my previous source. I continued with this source because it had what was
missing from my previous source, I found it creditable because it's runned by major news network
including CNN and MSNBC, and it provides countless supporting evidence about what she's
discussing. The target audience for livescience.com is news readers. The strategies she uses to persuade
her audience is logos pertaining to data and research for her supporting evidence for her claims. She
does this by putting before and after pictures of Arctic Ice melting, citing and discussing reports, and
using scientific research about relations between plant growth and CO2 emissions. She also uses pathos
to emotionally imbed the cause into her readers to make it more relate able. She does this by talking
about predictions about famines, civilization collapsing, extinction of animals, and dangerous weather
changes including lightning and hurricanes. Finally her purpose for writing this article was a major
report that was released September 27, 2013 by the IPPC that stated scientist are more certain than ever
of a link human activities and global warming. I found this source very compelling. It discussed what's

happening now with global warming and future result if not corrected. She was very creditable and
covered her bases as a writer. She execute her purpose well with several strategies. Putting things
together making a great written paper. This sources value to my research paper is critical it provides
details about what effects are happening to earth now and research being done to better understand the
phenomena happening to our earth. I learned how catastrophic global warming could be if not
corrected. If will be effect everything we know in life shelter, food, families, and so much more. What I
found to be missing was that there wasn't more information on solutions they are pursuing to combat
global warming.

Figure 4: Lone winter tree from e2ua.com

For my fourth source I chose Biello, David. 10 Solutions for Climate Change Scientific American.
Scientific American, 26, November 2007. Web. I found this source using google.com. I used the key
words solutions for global warming it came up with many sites that were close but no cigar. There were
two of them that were what I was looking for and this source was the best out of the two because he
talked about great solutions, and what problems may arise from these solutions. I further my research
with this because I was missing solutions for global warming from my previous source and it seemed
like the next logical step in my research. I have written about both views and arguments to back up
there claims but there is no real solution on how to solve this dilemma. With this source as a whole it

shows step we can take to combat global warming not just by ourselves but as a nation. The author
thesis to this source is using wedges to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to safer levels (10SCC 1).
His supporting arguments to back up his thesis includes: Foregoing Fossil Fuels, Infrastructure
Upgrade, Move Closer to Work, Consume Less, Be Efficient, Eat Smart, Go Vegetarian?, Stop Cutting
Down Trees, Unplug, One Child, Future Fuels, and Experiment Earth. The main strategy that the author
uses logos in the form of research and data to present his argument. He also uses pathos in the form of
playing on peoples emotions. He does this to try to get readers to try to be part of the solution and not
the problem. The target audience of this is source is women, between the ages of 25-54, that are
employed and either attended college or is a graduate of college, and owns a home. I found this source
to be very informative it provided not only what you can do at but also some solutions we as a country
can do to combat global warming. The value of this source is important it is a big stepping stone in my
research because it provides solutions to this very large problem. Instead of research from both sides in
the form of debate. I have learned many things from this source like vegetarians emit less greenhouse
gasses, devices still use electricity even when off, and that poor maintenance of your car and roads can
cause your car to emit more greenhouse gases. Whats missing from this source is what future projects
they're ding for global warming and more details on how you can reduce your carbon footprint at
home. I found this source creditable the author provided not only solutions but also some things that
might go wrong with these solutions. Author also has been reporting on the environment for many
years.

Figure 5: Northern Lights from 7-themes.com

For my final source I chose Levey, Simon. 11 Up and Coming Projects in Climate Change and
Environment Imperial College of London. Imperial College of London, 09, September 2015. Web. To
find this source I used google.com. I used keywords which included future projects for global warming.
Many resources came up which included a articles from US EPA, climate path, and NASA. I chose this
article because it is a academic article, it provided great information on projects for global warming,
and I feel this would be a great conclusion for my research paper. The Author's thesis is that World
leaders prepare to debate the planet's future, imperial researchers are rising to the challenges of
environmental change. His supporting arguments of his thesis includes: Antarctic reconnaissance,
generating power with no carbon emissions, experimental pond dipping, improving research with
flying laboratories, things are looking up, the future of ice sheets, modeling insurance risk, informing
policymakers, diving below the oceans surface, providing fresh drinking water, and educating the
leaders of tomorrow. The audience for the author is college students and staff. The author uses many
visual aids to help break up the paper and display the context he is discussing. He also uses logos in the
form of research being done by scientist to help adapt and combat global warming. I found this source
to be very interesting and it provided great facts on what future projects are being done to help with
global warming. It also provided additional information if you wanted to know more about the research
that the scientist are conducting. This source is valuable to my closing source because it entices the

reader to continue the research on their own and better understand global warming. Like with all great
writers they always leave you wanting more. What I've learned from this source is there is so much
more research being done than I ever expected. They are trying to attack global warming from all
angles. They are also trying to create a safety net as well just in case they can't combat it. I find this
source creditable the author isn't bias. He is a member of the national association for science public
relations. He also has a Bachelor's degree in Ecological and Environmental biology.
Conclusion
Since I began my intellectual journey I have learned so much along the way with this paper. I have
learned about the different views of both sides, Ive learned that Harvard did research and it actually
back up the claims of the other side, also how catastrophic the effects of global warming really are,
some solutions that I can do at home and also we can do as a nation, and some great future research that
will be happening soon to help with global warming. My thinking hasnt really changed about the issue
but my knowledge about this issue has grown as a whole. I feel more knowledgeable about the issue
and will enjoy doing future research on this topic. From these sources I have answered some of my
question which include: How both sides differ in many ways even they are going off of similar
evidence it all depends of your prospective of the issue, and what is the effects of global warming. With
my other questions it nothing but a endless sea of answers there will always be new solutions and
research being done for global warming.

Appendix

Toni Johnson

William J. Cromie

Alina Bradford

David Biello

Simon Levey
Works Cited
Johnson, Toni. Alternate Views on Climate Change Council on Foreign Relations.
Council on Foreign Relations, 23, February 2010. Web.
https://prezi.com/39kxf6jfqzdy/council-on-foreign-relations/
http://internationalreportingproject.org/fellows-editors/profile/toni-m.-johnson

Cromie, William. Global Warming is Not so Hot Harvard University Gazette. Harvard
University, 23, April 2003. Web.
http://www.albany.edu/burton_lecture/bio-cromie.php

Biello, David. 10 Solutions for Climate Change Scientific American. Scientific American,

26, November 2007. Web.

Abbate, Jeremy. Scientific American Mind Scientific American Media Kit. Publisher Estimate,
08, August 2011.Web.
Levey, Simon. 11 Up and Coming Projects in Climate Change and Environment Imperial College of
London. Imperial College of London, 09, September 2015. Web.
www.cfr.org/climate-change/alternative-views-climate-change/p14318#p2
http://www.livescience.com/37057-global-warming-effects.html
http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/2003/04.24/01-weather.html
www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_9-9-2015-21-34-59
www.scientificamerican.com/article/10-solutions-for-climate-change/