DAFTAR ISI

Halaman
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................v
DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................vii
DAFTAR TABEL .............................................................................................ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................xi
PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................................1
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ....................................................................................2
Kulit.....................................................................................................................2
Lapisan Kulit.............................................................................................2
Fungsi Kulit...............................................................................................4
Sabun ........................................................................................................6
Pengertian Sabun.......................................................................................6
Komposisi Sabun .......................................................................................6
Proses Pembuatan Sabun ...........................................................................8
Cara Kerja Sabun sebagai Penghilang Kotoran.........................................9
Para-kloro-meta-xilenol ..........................................................................11
Parameter Pengujian..........................................................................................11
Uji Bobot Jenis.........................................................................................11
Uji Viskositas............................................................................................12
Uji Derajat Keasaman (pH)......................................................................12
Uji Kadar PCMX .....................................................................................13
Kromatograf Cair Kinerja Tinggi......................................................................13
Prinsip Kerja Alat ...................................................................................13
Rangkaian Alat........................................................................................14
PERCOBAAN .................................................................................................16
Tempat dan Waktu ............................................................................................16
Bahan dan Alat .................................................................................................16
Bahan .....................................................................................................16
Alat........................................................................................................16

vii

viii
Metode Percobaan ............................................................................................17
Cara kerja..........................................................................................................17
Preparasi .................................................................................................17
Pengujian Contoh....................................................................................18
HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN........................................................................22
Analisis Fisika ..................................................................................................22
Uji Bobot Jenis........................................................................................22
Uji Viskositas ..........................................................................................23
Analisis Kimia...................................................................................................24
Uji Derajat Keasaman (pH) ....................................................................24
Uji Kadar PCMX ....................................................................................24
SIMPULAN .....................................................................................................26
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................27
LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................................29

viii

DAFTAR TABEL
Nomor

Halaman

1. Perbandingan Kolom KCKT Konvensional dan Mikrobor.......................15

2. Hasil Percobaan dan Spesifikasi Perusahaan............................................22

ix

DAFTAR GAMBAR
Nomor
1.
2.

Halaman

Struktur Kulit Manusia..............................................................................2

Gugus Hidrofilik dan Hidrofobik Sabun.................................................10

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Nomor
1.
2.
3.
4.

Halaman

Data dan Perhitungan Uji Bobot Jenis.......................................................30

Data Hasil Uji Viskositas............................................................................33
Data Hasil Uji Derajat Keasaman (pH)......................................................34
Data Kromatogram dan Perhitungan Uji Kadar PCMX.............................35

xi