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EPHESIANSs

Author: Paul
Date: Around a.d. 60
Setting: Ephesus
Ephesus was the capital of the Roman province of Asia Minor (present-day Turkey)
and a vital, important commercial center. It was renowned for its magnificent temple to the Greek goddess Artemis (known as Diana to the Romans). Acts 19 records
dramatic events that unfolded there during Pauls third missionary journey.

Theme: Building the Body of Christ


Paul uses this letter to explain how God has given His people spiritual resources so
that they can fulfill His purpose for the church: to bring praise and glory to Himself
(Eph. 1). Paul also explains how God has reconciled believers both to Himself and to
one another as members of Christs body, the church.
In Ephesians, Paul also pleads for the unity of the church based on the fact that
Jew and Gentile are reconciled by the work of Christ upon the cross. He describes
the believers position in Christ and Gods purpose for the world as accomplished
through the church. Paul reminds the believers in Ephesus of the vast spiritual
blessings they have received through Christ and describes how Christians learn a
spiritual walk rooted in their spiritual wealth.

Insights
Paul called the Ephesians to a life of unity with one another and loyalty to the cause
of Christ.
God has blessed America in many ways. Perhaps our greatest strength lies in the
unity of a people who are loyal to a flag and committed to the cause for which it
stands. One American who wished to remain anonymous once spoke these words,
If you are ashamed to stand by your colors, you had better seek another flag. As a
nation, we can learn much from Pauls exhortation to the Ephesians: bearing with
one another in love, endeavoring to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace
(Eph. 4:2, 3).

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Ephesians 1:1

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Greeting
Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by
the will of God,

To the saints who are in Ephesus,


and faithful in Christ Jesus:
2Grace

to you and peace from God


our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
Redemption in Christ
3Blessed be the God and Father of
our Lord J esus Christ, who has blessed
us with every spiritual blessing in the
heavenly places in Christ, 4just as He
chose us in Him before the foundation
of the world, that we should be holy and
without blame before Him in love, 5having predestined us to adoption as sons
by Jesus Christ to Himself, according
to the good pleasure of His will, 6to the
praise of the glory of His grace, by which
He made us accepted in the Beloved.
7In Him we have redemption through
His blood, the forgiveness of sins, according to the r iches of His grace 8which
He made to abound toward us in all
wisdom and prudence, 9having made
known to us the mystery of His will, according to His good pleasure which He
purposed in Himself, 10that in the dispensation of the fullness of the times He
might gather together in one all things
in Christ, botha which are in heaven and
which are on earthin Him. 11In Him
also we have obtained an inheritance,
being predestined according to the purpose of Him who works all things according to the counsel of His will, 12that
we who first trusted in Christ should be
to the praise of His glory.
13In Him you also trusted, after you
heard the word of truth, the gospel of
your salvation; in whom also, having
believed, you were sealed with the Holy
Spirit of promise, 14whoa is the guarantee of our inheritance until the redemption of the purchased possession, to the
praise of His glory.
Prayer for Spiritual Wisdom
15Therefore I also, after I heard of
your faith in the Lord Jesus and your
love for all the saints, 16do not cease to
give thanks for you, making mention
of you in my prayers: 17that the God of
our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give to you the spirit of wisdom
and revelation in the knowledge of Him,

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18the

eyes of your understandinga being


enlightened; that you may know what
is the hope of His calling, what are the
riches of the glory of His inheritance in
the saints, 19and what is the exceeding
greatness of His power toward us who
believe, according to the working of
His mighty power 20which He worked
in Christ when He raised Him from
the dead and seated Him at His right
hand in the heavenly places, 21far above
all principality and power and might
and dominion, and every name that is
named, not only in this age but also in
that which is to come.
22And He put all things under His
feet, and gave Him to be head over all
things to the church, 23which is His body,
the fullness of Him who fills all in all.
By Grace Through Faith
And you He made alive, who were
dead in trespasses and sins, 2in
which you once walked according to the
course of this world, according to the
prince of the power of the air, the spirit
who now works in the sons of disobedience, 3among whom also we all once
conducted ourselves in the lusts of our
flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh
and of the mind, and were by nature
children of wrath, just as the others.
4But God, who is rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He
loved us, 5even when we were dead in
trespasses, made us alive together with
Christ (by grace you have been saved),
6and raised us up together, and made
us sit together in the heavenly places in
Christ Jesus, 7that in the ages to come
He might show the exceeding riches of
His grace in His kindness toward us
in Christ J esus. 8For by grace you have
been saved through faith, and that not
of yourselves; it is the gift of God, 9not
of works, lest anyone should boast. 10For
we are His workmanship, created in
Christ Jesus for good works, which God
prepared beforehand that we should
walk in them.

Brought Near by His Blood


11T herefore remember that you,
once Gentiles in the fleshwho are
1:10aNUText and MText omit both.
1:14aNUText reads which. 1:18aNUText
and MText read hearts.

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SERVICE
A BI OG RAP H Y

Ida Scudder
18701960

For we are His workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works,
which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.
EPH E SI A NS 2:10

Ida Scudder was the granddaughter of the first medical missionary to India.
Seven of her grandfathers children followed him into mission work; one of
those seven was Idas father. In all, out of four generations, forty-two members
of the Scudder family followed the Lords call to be missionaries to the suffering people of India. Though it was never her plan for her life, Ida found herself
among the ranks of Scudder missionaries.
Ida was born in India; it was the only life she had really ever known. But she
could not wait to leave the poverty, hunger, and desperation of India behind;
Ida wanted to be in the United States; she wanted to be an ordinary American girl and have a carefree, happy life; and preteen Ida wanted to marry a
millionaire.
It seemed Ida might get her dream when her parents returned to the States
on furlough. Young Ida was thrilled to be embarking on a new life half a world
away from that horrible country, with its heat, dust, noise, and smells. But
her joy was short-lived; two years later, her mother and father returned to India,
leaving Ida in the care of relatives in Chicago. Though Ida suffered ongoing
grief from the separation, she had no desire to ever become a missionary.
Ida remained in the U.S., graduated from high school, and continued her
studies at a young ladies seminary founded by D. L. Moody.
Shortly after graduation in 1890, Idas mother fell gravely ill. Ida found
herself on her way back to India to care for her mother. She had every intention
of returning to her American dreams as soon as possible.
One night during this time, three young women went into labor simultaneously; three young husbands begged Ida to attend the childbirth. Though
Idas father was a doctor, none of the women would accept his care for such
an intimate condition. Ida did all she could, but the next morning, all three
young women were dead. Ida prayed and struggled as she contemplated the
plight of the women of India. In the end, Ida told her parents she would be
returning to the States to become a doctor. She had heard and obeyed the
Lords call to become a medical missionary.
After graduating from Cornell Medical College in 1900, Dr. Ida Scudder
returned to India. She brought with her ten thousand dollars, donated by a
wealthy American woman to build a hospital. It was two years before the
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Continued on next page.

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Ephesians 2:12

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hospital was built; meanwhile, Ida worked out of one small room in her home,
set up as a dispensary. The initial distrust of a woman doctor soon wore off,
and Ida often treated several hundred patients a day. She was known to sigh,
Oh, for the quiet order of a well-run insane asylum! One journal entry read,
Long and intensely interesting day. 478 patients with 77 lepers.
In order to meet the staggering demand for medical help, Ida opened a
nursing school. Her first class graduated in 1905, but Idas vision did not end
there. She began training women as doctors; the first class graduated in 1922.
By 1928, the school was officially a medical college that would one day become
Vellore Medical College, a highly respected, coed educational complex.
Many times the school struggled financially, but through Idas herculean
efforts, medical educations continued. Her own words show her dedication
and determination: First ponder, then dare. Know your facts. Count the cost.
Money is not the most important thing. What you are building is not a medical
school. It is the kingdom of God. Dont err on the side of being too small. If
this is the will of God that we should keep the college open, it has to be done.
Ida never married a millionaire, but she did get to live in a mansion when
she retired. The beautiful home in India was sold to her at a bargain price. She
lived her last years there, gardening and keeping her eye on the nearby hospital
and medical school.
To this day, the example of Ida and her family calls out to the body of Christ
in our nation, spurring us on toward love and good works.
For more on Service, see the articles on pages 888, 1082, 1145, 1148, 1180, 1238, 1326, 1384 & 1394.

called Uncircumcision by what is called


the Circumcision made in the flesh by
hands 12that at that time you were
without Christ, being aliens from the
commonwealth of Israel and strangers
from the covenants of promise, having
no hope and without God in the world.
13But now in Christ Jesus you who once
were far off have been brought near by
the blood of Christ.
Christ Our Peace
14For He Himself is our peace, who
has made both one, and has broken
down the middle wall of separation,
15having abolished in His flesh the enmity, that is, the law of commandments
contained in ordinances, so as to create
in Himself one new man from the two,
thus making peace, 16and that He might
reconcile them both to God in one body
through the cross, thereby putting to
death the enmity. 17And He came and
preached peace to you who were afar
off and to those who were near. 18For
through Him we both have access by one
Spirit to the Father.

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Christ Our Cornerstone


19Now, therefore, you are no longer
strangers and foreigners, but fellow citizens with the saints and members of the
household of God, 20having been built
on the foundation of the apostles and
prophets, Jesus Christ Himself being the
chief cornerstone, 21in whom the whole
building, being fitted together, grows
into a holy temple in the Lord, 22in
whom you also are being built together
for a dwelling place of God in the Spirit.
TheMystery Revealed
For this reason I, Paul, the prisoner
of Christ Jesus for you Gentiles2if
indeed you have heard of the dispensation of the grace of God which was given
to me for you, 3how that by revelation
He made known to me the mystery (as I
have briefly written already, 4by which,
when you read, you may understand my
knowledge in the mystery of Christ),
5which in other ages was not made
known to the sons of men, as it has now
been revealed by the Spirit to His holy

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apostles and prophets: 6that the Gentiles

should be fellow heirs, of the same body,


and partakers of His promise in Christ
through the gospel, 7of which I became
a minister according to the gift of the
grace of God given to me by the effective
working of His power.
Each of us is called to serve our
own generation.

A. Wetherell Johnson
19071984

Purpose oftheMystery
8To me, who am less than the least of
all the saints, this grace was given, that
I should preach among the Gentiles the
unsearchable riches of Christ, 9and to
make all see what is the fellowshipa of
the mystery, which from the beginning
of the ages has been hidden in God who
created all things through Jesus Christ;b
10to the intent that now the manifold
wisdom of God might be made known
by the church to the principalities and
powers in the heavenly places, 11according to the eternal purpose which He
accomplished in Christ Jesus our Lord,
12in whom we have boldness and access
with confidence through faith in Him.
13Therefore I ask that you do not lose
heart at my tribulations for you, which
is your glory.
Appreciation oftheMystery
14For this reason I bow my knees to
the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,a
15from whom the whole family in heaven and earth is named, 16that He would
grant you, according to the riches of His
glory, to be strengthened with might
through His Spirit in the inner man,
17that Christ may dwell in your hearts
through faith; that you, being rooted
and grounded in love, 18may be able to
comprehend with all the saints what
is the width and length and depth and
height 19to know the love of Christ
which passes knowledge; that you may
be filled with all the fullness of God.
20Now to Him who is able to do exceedingly abundantly above all that we
ask or think, according to the power

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Ephesians 4:16
21to

that works in us,


Him be glory in
the church by Christ Jesus to all generations, forever and ever. Amen.
Walk in Unity
I, therefore, the prisoner of the Lord,
beseech you to walk worthy of the
calling with which you were called,
2with all lowliness and gentleness, with
longsuffering, bearing with one another
in love, 3endeavoring to keep the unity
of the Spirit in the bond of peace. 4There
is one body and one Spirit, just as you
were called in one hope of your calling;
5one Lord, one faith, one baptism; 6one
God and Father of all, who is above all,
and through all, and in youa all.

Spiritual Gifts
7But to each one of us grace was given according to the measure of Christs
gift. 8Therefore He says:
When He ascended on high,
He led captivity captive,
And gave gifts to men.a
9(Now this, He ascended what does
it mean but that He also firsta descended
into the lower parts of the earth? 10He
who descended is also the One who ascended far above all the heavens, that He
might fill all things.)
11And He Himself gave some to be
apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers,
12for the equipping of the saints for the
work of ministry, for the edifying of
the body of Christ, 13till we all come to
the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to a perfect
man, to the measure of the stature of
the fullness of Christ; 14that we should
no longer be children, tossed to and fro
and carried about with every wind of
doctrine, by the trickery of men, in the
cunning craftiness of deceitful plotting,
15but, speaking the truth in love, may
grow up in all things into Him who is
the headChrist 16from whom the
whole body, joined and knit together by
what every joint supplies, according to
the effective working by which every

3:9aNUText and MText read stewardship


(dispensation). bNUText omits through Jesus
Christ. 3:14aNUText omits of our Lord
Jesus Christ. 4:6aNUText omits you;
MText reads us. 4:8aPsalm 68:18
4:9aNUText omits first.

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Ephesians 4:17

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part does its share, causes growth of the


body for the edifying of itself in love.
TheNew Man
17This I say, therefore, and testify
in the Lord, that you should no longer
walk as the rest ofa the Gentiles walk,
in the futility of their mind, 18having
their understanding darkened, being
alienated from the life of God, because
of the ignorance that is in them, because
of the blindness of their heart; 19who,
being past feeling, have given themselves over to lewdness, to work all uncleanness with greediness.
20But you have not so learned Christ,
21if indeed you have heard Him and
have been taught by Him, as the truth is
in Jesus: 22that you put off, concerning
your former conduct, the old man which
grows corrupt according to the deceitful
lusts, 23and be renewed in the spirit of
your mind, 24and that you put on the
new man which was created according
to God, in true righteousness and holiness.
Do Not Grieve theSpirit
25Therefore, putting away lying,
Let each one of you speak truth with
his neighbor,a for we are members of
one another. 26Be angry, and do not
sin:a do not let the sun go down on
your wrath, 27nor give place to the devil.
28Let him who stole steal no longer, but
rather let him labor, working with his
hands what is good, that he may have
something to give him who has need.
29Let no corrupt word proceed out of
your mouth, but what is good for necessary edification, that it may impart grace
to the hearers. 30And do not grieve the
Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were
sealed for the day of redemption. 31Let
all bitterness, wrath, anger, clamor, and
evil speaking be put away from you,
with all malice. 32And be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, even as God in Christ forgave you.
Walk in Love
Therefore be imitators of God as
dear children. 2And walk in love, as
Christ also has loved us and given Himself for us, an offering and a sacrifice to
God for a sweet-smelling aroma.
3But fornication and all uncleanness
or covetousness, let it not even be named

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among you, as is fitting for saints; 4neither filthiness, nor foolish talking, nor
coarse jesting, which are not fitting, but
rather giving of thanks. 5For this you
know,a that no fornicator, unclean person, nor covetous man, who is an idolater, has any inheritance in the kingdom
of Christ and God. 6Let no one deceive
you with empty words, for because of
these things the wrath of God comes
upon the sons of disobedience. 7Therefore do not be partakers with them.
God asks husbands to love their
wives enough to die for them. He
asks wives to love their husbands
enough to live for them.

Betty S. Bender
1927

Walk in Light
8For you were once darkness, but
now you are light in the Lord. Walk as
children of light 9(for the fruit of the
Spirita is in all goodness, righteousness, and truth), 10finding out what is
acceptable to the Lord. 11And have no
fellowship with the unfruitful works of
darkness, but rather expose them. 12For
it is shameful even to speak of those
things which are done by them in secret. 13But all things that are exposed are
made manifest by the light, for whatever
makes manifest is light. 14Therefore He
says:
Awake, you who sleep,
Arise from the dead,
And Christ will give you light.
Walk in Wisdom
15See then that you walk circumspectly, not as fools but as wise, 16redeeming the time, because the days are
evil.
17Therefore do not be unwise, but
understand what the will of the Lord
is. 18And do not be drunk with wine, in
which is dissipation; but be filled with
4:17aNUText omits the rest of.
4:25aZechariah 8:16 4:26aPsalm 4:4
5:5aNUText reads For know this. 5:9aNU
Text reads light.

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19speaking

Ephesians 6:8

the Spirit,
to one another in
psalms and hymns and spiritual songs,
singing and making melody in your
heart to the Lord, 20giving thanks always
for all things to God the Father in the
name of our Lord Jesus Christ, 21submitting to one another in the fear of God.a

eyeservice, as men-pleasers, but as bondservants of Christ, doing the will of God


from the heart, 7with goodwill doing
service, as to the Lord, and not to men,
8knowing that whatever good anyone
does, he will receive the same from the
Lord, whether he is a slave or free.

MarriageChrist and theChurch


22Wives, submit to your own husbands, as to the Lord. 23For the husband
is head of the wife, as also Christ is head
of the church; and He is the Savior of
the body. 24Therefore, just as the church
is subject to Christ, so let the wives be to
their own husbands in everything.
25Husbands, love your wives, just as
Christ also loved the church and gave
Himself for her, 26that He might sanctify and cleanse her with the washing of
water by the word, 27that He might pre
sent her to Himself a glorious church,
not having spot or wrinkle or any such
thing, but that she should be holy and
without blemish. 28So husbands ought to
love their own wives as their own bodies; he who loves his wife loves himself.
29For no one ever hated his own flesh,
but nourishes and cherishes it, just as
the Lord does the church. 30For we are
members of His body,a of His flesh and
of His bones. 31For this reason a man
shall leave his father and mother and be
joined to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.a 32This is a great mystery, but I speak concerning Christ and
the church. 33Nevertheless let each one
of you in particular so love his own wife
as himself, and let the wife see that she
respects her husband.

5:21aNUText reads Christ. 5:30aNUText


omits the rest of this verse. 5:31aGenesis
2:24 6:3aDeuteronomy 5:16

Children and Parents


Children, obey your parents in the
Lord, for this is right. 2Honor your
father and mother, which is the first
commandment with promise: 3that it
may be well with you and you may live
long on the earth.a
4And you, fathers, do not provoke
your children to wrath, but bring them
up in the training and admonition of the
Lord.

Bondservants and Masters


5Bondservants, be obedient to those
who are your masters according to the
flesh, with fear and trembling, in sincerity of heart, as to Christ; 6not with

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TRUTH
Steadfast in the Faith

Ephesians 6:10

ithin Ephesians 6:13, 14 are the


words, Having done all to stand.
Stand. Granted, to extract only these
portions of the whole ignores any punctuation and blends two thoughts. However, the resulting statement is a powerful
directive. In it resides the definition of
steadfast.
A steadfast heart requires two elements: one must be convinced of truth
and willing to take risks in defense of
that truth. Throughout our history, the
cause of freedom has prompted millions
of men and women to risk all; the truth
that all are created equal lies at the heart
of that cause. Yet even more striking are
the numbers of the faithful who have
steadfastly held to faith.
In considering this virtue, many
women who have helped form our country come to mind. Perhaps one of the
greatest examples of a steadfast soul is
found in Queen Liliuokalani of Hawaii.
Though her faith and her beliefs were
sorely tried by those who attempted to
pervert the Christian faith, Liliuokalani
held fast to her convictions. She determined to live her life based on the life and
teachings of her Lord. She allowed Gods
wisdom to guide her in her choices, took
a stand on the foundation of her faith,
and would not be moved. Her legacy still
lives as a beacon to all, of the incredible
influence of one who holds steadfastly to
a vibrant and sure faith.
For more on Truth, see pages 1167 & 1217.

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Ephesians 6:9

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9And

you, masters, do the same


things to them, giving up threatening,
knowing that your own Master alsoa is
in heaven, and there is no partiality with
Him.
TheWhole Armor ofGod
10Finally, my brethren, be strong in
the Lord and in the power of His might.
11Put on the whole armor of God, that
you may be able to stand against the
wiles of the devil. 12For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against
principalities, against powers, against
the rulers of the darkness of this age,a
against spiritual hosts of wickedness in
the heavenly places. 13Therefore take up
the whole armor of God, that you may
be able to withstand in the evil day, and
having done all, to stand.
14Stand therefore, having girded
your waist with truth, having put on the
breastplate of righteousness, 15and having shod your feet with the preparation
of the gospel of peace; 16above all, taking
the shield of faith with which you will
be able to quench all the fiery darts of
the wicked one. 17And take the helmet
of salvation, and the sword of the Spir-

it, which is the word of God; 18praying


always with all prayer and supplication
in the Spirit, being watchful to this end
with all perseverance and supplication
for all the saints19and for me, that utterance may be given to me, that I may
open my mouth boldly to make known
the mystery of the gospel, 20for which I
am an ambassador in chains; that in it
I may speak boldly, as I ought to speak.
A Gracious Greeting
21But that you also may know my affairs and how I am doing, Tychicus, a
beloved brother and faithful minister in
the Lord, will make all things known to
you; 22whom I have sent to you for this
very purpose, that you may know our
affairs, and that he may comfort your
hearts.
23Peace to the brethren, and love
with faith, from God the Father and the
Lord Jesus Christ. 24Grace be with all
those who love our Lord Jesus Christ in
sincerity. Amen.
6:9aNUText reads He who is both their Master
and yours. 6:12aNUText reads rulers of this
darkness.

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a
an
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tim
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in
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PHILIPPIANSs
Author: Paul
Date: Around a.d. 60
Setting: Philippi
Philippi, named for Philip of Macedon (the father of Alexander the Great), was the
leading city of Macedonia (present-day Greece), and was also granted the status of
a Roman colony. For the Philippians, this designation made a tremendous social
and psychological difference. Like all other Roman citizens, they were exempt from
taxes, could buy and sell as they pleased, could file legal suits, and could assume
privileges appropriate to being part of the Roman Empire.

Theme: To Live Is Christ


Philippians is an epistle of joy and encouragement in the midst of adverse circumstances. Paul writes a letter of thanks to the believers in Philippi for their help in a
time of need, and he lovingly urges them to center their actions and thoughts on
the pursuit of the person and power of Christ. His central thought is simple: only
in Christ are real unity and joy possible. With Christ as our model of humility and
service, we can enjoy oneness of purpose, attitude, goal, and labor.

Insights
After Paul arrived in Philippi, he met a wealthy woman named Lydia, who believed
in the gospel (Acts 16). Once she and her household were baptized, she opened up
her home and invited Paul and his fellow workers to stay with her. She gave her
life to Christ and immediately began practicing hospitality to her fellow believers.
Just like American women Martha Washington, Dolley Madison, and Sarah Edwards,
Lydia leaves a beautiful legacy of faith and hospitality.

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Philippians 1:1

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Greeting
Paul and Timothy, bondservants of
Jesus Christ,

To all the saints in Christ Jesus who


are in Philippi, with the bishopsa and
deacons:
2Grace to you and peace from God
our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.

Thankfulness and Prayer


3I thank my God upon every remembrance of you, 4always in every prayer of
mine making request for you all with joy,
5for your fellowship in the gospel from
the first day until now, 6being confident
of this very thing, that He who has begun a good work in you will complete it
until the day of J esus Christ; 7just as it is
right for me to think this of you all, because I have you in my heart, inasmuch
as both in my chains and in the defense
and confirmation of the gospel, you all
are partakers with me of grace. 8For God
is my witness, how greatly I long for you
all with the affection of Jesus Christ.
9And this I pray, that your love may
abound still more and more in knowledge and all discernment, 10that you
may approve the things that are excellent, that you may be sincere and without offense till the day of Christ, 11being
filled with the fruits of righteousness
which are by J esus Christ, to the glory
and praise of God.
Christ Is Preached
12But I want you to know, brethren,
that the things which happened to me
have actually turned out for the furtherance of the gospel, 13so that it has become evident to the whole palace guard,
and to all the rest, that my chains are in
Christ; 14and most of the brethren in the
Lord, having become confident by my
chains, are much more bold to speak the
word without fear.
15Some indeed preach Christ even
from envy and strife, and some also from
goodwill: 16The formera preach Christ
from selfish ambition, not sincerely,
supposing to add affliction to my chains;
17but the latter out of love, knowing that
I am appointed for the defense of the
gospel. 18What then? Only that in every
way, whether in pretense or in truth,
Christ is preached; and in this I rejoice,
yes, and will rejoice.

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To Live Is Christ
19For I know that this will turn out
for my deliverance through your prayer
and the supply of the Spirit of Jesus
Christ, 20according to my earnest expectation and hope that in nothing I shall
be ashamed, but with all boldness, as
always, so now also Christ will be magnified in my body, whether by life or
1:1aLiterally overseers 1:16aNUText
reverses the contents of verses16 and 17.

HOPEFULNESS
Mother of Sing Sing

Philippians 1:27

n 1921, Lewis E. Lawes and his wife


Kathryn moved to New York. He
had taken a job as warden of Sing Sing
prison. The institution had a reputation
for being a hard, tough place, devoid of
hope. By the time he retired, Sing Sing
had undergone an incredible transformation; Lewis credited his wife, Kathryn.
Kathryn went to the prison yard almost every day. She even took their three
little girls to the weekly prison basketball game. It never occurred to her that
there might be any danger. We care for
the boys, and they care for us, she used
to say. She made it possible for a blind
prisoner to learn to read Braille, and she
learned sign language so that she could
communicate with a deaf prisoner who
worked in her home. She saw the special
burden carried by prisoners families, and
often brought their wives to her home to
minister encouragement to them.
The men called her Mother and had
her picture on their walls. By her loving
example, she brought a new spirit to the
prison, a spirit of kindness and hope.
When she died, the men wanted to say
farewell to their Mother, whose love
and trust had touched them so deeply.
Out of respect, the prisoners marched
two abreastwithout guardsfrom Sing
Sing to her home to walk past her casket,
and then every one of them returned to
the prison.
For more on Hopefulness, see pages 868 & 1364.

12/14/15 1:53 PM

1351
21For

to me, to live is Christ,


by death.
and to die is gain. 22But if I live on in
the flesh, this will mean fruit from my
labor; yet what I shall choose I cannot
tell. 23Fora I am hard-pressed between
the two, having a desire to depart and be
with Christ, which is far better. 24Never
theless to remain in the flesh is more
needful for you. 25And being confident
of this, I know that I shall remain and
continue with you all for your progress
and joy of faith, 26that your rejoicing
for me may be more abundant in Jesus
Christ by my coming to you again.
Striving and Suffering for Christ
27Only let your conduct be worthy
of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or am absent, I
may hear of your affairs, that you stand
fast in one spirit, with one mind striving together for the faith of the gospel,
28and not in any way terrified by your
adversaries, which is to them a proof of
perdition, but to you of salvation,a and
that from God. 29For to you it has been
granted on behalf of Christ, not only to
believe in Him, but also to suffer for His
sake, 30having the same conflict which
you saw in me and now hear is inme.
Unity Through Humility
Therefore if there is any consolation
in Christ, if any comfort of love, if
any fellowship of the Spirit, if any affection and mercy, 2fulfill my joy by being like-minded, having the same love,
being of one accord, of one mind. 3Let
nothing be done through selfish ambition
or conceit, but in lowliness of mind let
each esteem others better than himself.
4Let each of you look out not only for his
own interests, but also for the interests
of others.

TheHumbled and Exalted Christ


5Let this mind be in you which was
also in Christ J esus, 6who, being in the
form of God, did not consider it robbery
to be equal with God, 7but made Himself
of no reputation, taking the form of a
bondservant, and coming in the likeness
of men. 8And being found in appearance
as a man, He humbled Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even
the death of the cross. 9Therefore God
also has highly exalted Him and given
Him the name which is above every

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Philippians 2:15
10that

name,
at the name of Jesus every
knee should bow, of those in heaven,
and of those on earth, and of those under the earth, 11and that every tongue
should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord,
to the glory of God the Father.
Light Bearers
12Therefore, my beloved, as you have
always obeyed, not as in my presence
only, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with
fear and trembling; 13for it is God who
works in you both to will and to do for
His good pleasure.
14Do all things without complaining
and disputing, 15that you may become
blameless and harmless, children of God
without fault in the midst of a crooked
1:23aNUText and MText read But.
1:28aNUText reads of your salvation.

GENEROSITY
Secret Concern

Philippians 2:4

nna Harrison is the First Lady who


never made it to Washington. She
was ill at the time of her husbands inauguration, so she stayed home. One
month later, before she was fully recovered, William Henry Harrison died of
pneumoniamost likely a result of being
thoroughly chilled at his inauguration.
Anna lived to be eighty-eight years
old, outliving all but one of her ten children. Many years after her death, this
testimony was written about her:
Every public and private charity
was near her heart, and received
liberally from her hand. But those
who enjoyed her bounty knew not
its source. To a poor minister she
would write, Accept this trifle
from a friend. To the Bethel Sabbath School, This is but a widows
mite. To the suffering poor of
the country, Please distribute
this from one who wishes it was a
thousand times more.
For more on Generosity, see pages 1172 & 1266.

12/14/15 1:53 PM

Philippians 2:16

1352

and perverse generation, among whom


you shine as lights in the world, 16holding fast the word of life, so that I may
rejoice in the day of Christ that I have
not run in vain or labored in vain.
17Yes, and if I am being poured out as
a drink offering on the sacrifice and service of your faith, I am glad and rejoice
with you all. 18For the same reason you
also be glad and rejoice withme.
Timothy Commended
19But I trust in the Lord Jesus to send
Timothy to you shortly, that I also may
be encouraged when I know your state.
20For I have no one like-minded, who
will sincerely care for your state. 21For
all seek their own, not the things which
are of Christ J esus. 22But you know his
proven character, that as a son with his
father he served with me in the gospel.
23Therefore I hope to send him at once,
as soon as I see how it goes with me.
24But I trust in the Lord that I myself
shall also come shortly.
Epaphroditus Praised
25Yet I considered it necessary to
send to you Epaphroditus, my brother,
fellow worker, and fellow soldier, but
your messenger and the one who ministered to my need; 26since he was longing
for you all, and was distressed because
you had heard that he was sick. 27For
indeed he was sick almost unto death;
but God had mercy on him, and not only
on him but on me also, lest I should have
sorrow upon sorrow. 28Therefore I sent
him the more eagerly, that when you see
him again you may rejoice, and I may be
less sorrowful. 29Receive him therefore
in the Lord with all gladness, and hold
such men in esteem; 30because for the
work of Christ he came close to death,
not regarding his life, to supply what
was lacking in your service towardme.
All for Christ
Finally, my brethren, rejoice in the
Lord. For me to write the same
things to you is not tedious, but for you
it is safe.
2Beware of dogs, beware of evil workers, beware of the mutilation! 3For we
are the circumcision, who worship God
in the Spirit,a rejoice in Christ J esus, and
have no confidence in the flesh, 4though
I also might have confidence in the flesh.

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If anyone else thinks he may have confidence in the flesh, I more so: 5circumcised the eighth day, of the stock of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew
of the Hebrews; concerning the law, a
Pharisee; 6concerning zeal, persecuting
the church; concerning the righteousness which is in the law, blameless.
7But what things were gain to me,
these I have counted loss for Christ.
8Yet indeed I also count all things loss
for the excellence of the knowledge of
Christ Jesus my Lord, for whom I have
suffered the loss of all things, and count
them as rubbish, that I may gain Christ
9and be found in Him, not having my
own righteousness, which is from the
law, but that which is through faith in
Christ, the righteousness which is from
God by faith; 10that I may know Him
and the power of His resurrection, and
the fellowship of His sufferings, being
conformed to His death, 11if, by any
means, I may attain to the resurrection
from the dead.
Pressing Toward theGoal
12Not that I have already attained, or
am already perfected; but I press on, that
I may lay hold of that for which Christ
Jesus has also laid hold of me. 13Brethren, I do not count myself to have apprehended; but one thing I do, forgetting those things which are behind and
reaching forward to those things which
are ahead, 14I press toward the goal for
the prize of the upward call of God in
Christ Jesus.
15Therefore let us, as many as are
mature, have this mind; and if in anything you think otherwise, God will reveal even this to you. 16Nevertheless, to
the degree that we have already attained,
let us walk by the same rule,a let us be of
the same mind.
Our Citizenship in Heaven
17Brethren, join in following my example, and note those who so walk, as
you have us for a pattern. 18For many
walk, of whom I have told you often,
and now tell you even weeping, that they
are the enemies of the cross of Christ:
19whose end is destruction, whose god
3:3aNUText and MText read who worship in
the Spirit of God. 3:16aNUText omits rule
and the rest of the verse.

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223

1353

is their belly, and whose glory is in their


shamewho set their mind on earthly
things. 20For our citizenship is in heaven, from which we also eagerly wait for
the Savior, the Lord Jesus Christ, 21who
will transform our lowly body that it
may be conformed to His glorious body,
according to the working by which He
is able even to subdue all things to Himself.
Therefore, my beloved and longed-
for brethren, my joy and crown, so
stand fast in the Lord, beloved.

What we are is Gods gift to us.


What we become is our gift to God.

Eleanor Powell
19121982

Be United, Joyful, and in Prayer


2I implore Euodia and I implore Syntyche to be of the same mind in the Lord.
3Anda I urge you also, true companion,
help these women who labored with me
in the gospel, with Clement also, and the
rest of my fellow workers, whose names
are in the Book of Life.
4Rejoice in the Lord always. Again I
will say, rejoice!
5Let your gentleness be known to all
men. The Lord is at hand.
6Be anxious for nothing, but in
everything by prayer and supplication,
with thanksgiving, let your requests be
made known to God; 7and the peace of
God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds
through Christ Jesus.
Meditate on These Things
8Finally, brethren, whatever things
are true, whatever things are noble,
whatever things are just, whatever
things are pure, whatever things are
lovely, whatever things are of good report, if there is any virtue and if there

9780718076313_int_06_rom_rev_nkjvamericanwomens.indd 1353

Philippians 4:23

is anything praiseworthymeditate on
these things. 9The things which you
learned and received and heard and saw
in me, these do, and the God of peace
will be with you.
Philippian Generosity
10But I rejoiced in the Lord greatly
that now at last your care for me has
flourished again; though you surely did
care, but you lacked opportunity. 11Not
that I speak in regard to need, for I have
learned in whatever state I am, to be
content: 12I know how to be abased, and
I know how to abound. Everywhere and
in all things I have learned both to be
full and to be hungry, both to abound
and to suffer need. 13I can do all things
through Christa who strengthensme.
14Nevertheless you have done well
that you shared in my distress. 15Now
you Philippians know also that in the
beginning of the gospel, when I departed
from Macedonia, no church shared with
me concerning giving and receiving but
you only. 16For even in Thessalonica
you sent aid once and again for my necessities. 17Not that I seek the gift, but I
seek the fruit that abounds to your account. 18Indeed I have all and abound. I
am full, having received from Epaphro
ditus the things sent from you, a sweet-
smelling aroma, an acceptable sacrifice,
well pleasing to God. 19And my God
shall supply all your need according
to His riches in glory by Christ Jesus.
20Now to our God and Father be glory
forever and ever. Amen.
Greeting and Blessing
21Greet every saint in Christ Jesus.
The brethren who are with me greet
you. 22All the saints greet you, but especially those who are of Caesars household.
23The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ
be with you all.a Amen.
4:3aNUText and MText read Yes.
4:13aNUText reads Him who. 4:23aNU
Text reads your spirit.

12/14/15 1:53 PM

COLOSSIANSs
Author: Paul
Date: Around a.d. 60
Setting: Colosse
The city of Colosse was about one hundred miles from Ephesus and the church at
Colosse was a predominantly Gentile church. The faith of these new converts was
being distorted by false teachings and mysticism. It was also being threatened by
some claiming Jewish laws and customs were needed for salvation.

Theme: The Preeminence of Christ


Colossians is perhaps the most Christ-centered book in the Bible. Paul stresses the
preeminence of Christ and the completeness of the salvation He provides. A proper view of Christ is always the most powerful antidote to heresy. The Colossians
needed to guard the truth of the gospel and Paul was equipping them to do so. He
also provides Christian readers with a practical theology for day-to-day living and
growth in the faith.

Insights
This Well Defend is the motto of the U.S. Army. Those three simple words carry
profound meaning. Our nation is worth defending, by each citizen. For the average
American, this defense may look like helping one another in a time of crisis or
standing up for the truths upon which we were founded.
As a citizen of the kingdom of God, Paul defended the truth of the gospel and,
through his words, encourages all Christians to do the same. True understanding of
who Christ is will always be worth defending with everything we have.

1354

9780718076313_int_06_rom_rev_nkjvamericanwomens.indd 1354

12/14/15 1:53 PM

at
as
by

he
pns
He
nd

ry
ge
or

d,
of

1355

Greeting
Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by
the will of God, and Timothy our
brother,

2To

the saints and faithful brethren


in Christ who are in Colosse:
Grace to you and peace from God our
Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.a
Their Faith in Christ
3We give thanks to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, praying
always for you, 4since we heard of your
faith in Christ Jesus and of your love
for all the saints; 5because of the hope
which is laid up for you in heaven, of
which you heard before in the word of
the truth of the gospel, 6which has come
to you, as it has also in all the world,
and is bringing forth fruit,a as it is also
among you since the day you heard and
knew the grace of God in truth; 7as you
also learned from Epaphras, our dear
fellow servant, who is a faithful minister of Christ on your behalf, 8who also
declared to us your love in the Spirit.
Preeminence ofChrist
9For this reason we also, since the
day we heard it, do not cease to pray for
you, and to ask that you may be filled
with the knowledge of His will in all
wisdom and spiritual understanding;
10that you may walk worthy of the
Lord, fully pleasing Him, being fruitful
in every good work and increasing in
the knowledge of God; 11strengthened
with all might, according to His glorious
power, for all patience and longsuffering
with joy; 12giving thanks to the Father
who has qualified us to be partakers of
the inheritance of the saints in the light.
13He has delivered us from the power of
darkness and conveyed us into the kingdom of the Son of His love, 14in whom
we have redemption through His blood,a
the forgiveness of sins.
15He is the image of the invisible
God, the firstborn over all creation.
16For by Him all things were created that
are in heaven and that are on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or principalities or powers. All
things were created through Him and
for Him. 17And He is before all things,
and in Him all things consist. 18And He
is the head of the body, the church, who

9780718076313_int_06_rom_rev_nkjvamericanwomens.indd 1355

Colossians 2:2

is the beginning, the firstborn from the


dead, that in all things He may have the
preeminence.
Reconciled in Christ
19For it pleased the Father that in
Him all the fullness should dwell, 20and
by Him to reconcile all things to Himself, by Him, whether things on earth
or things in heaven, having made peace
through the blood of His cross.
21And you, who once were alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked
works, yet now He has reconciled 22in
the body of His flesh through death, to
present you holy, and blameless, and
above reproach in His sight23if indeed
you continue in the faith, grounded and
steadfast, and are not moved away from
the hope of the gospel which you heard,
which was preached to every creature
under heaven, of which I, Paul, became
a minister.
Sacrificial Service for Christ
24I now rejoice in my sufferings for
you, and fill up in my flesh what is lacking in the afflictions of Christ, for the
sake of His body, which is the church,
25of which I became a minister according to the stewardship from God which
was given to me for you, to fulfill the
word of God, 26the mystery which has
been hidden from ages and from generations, but now has been revealed to His
saints. 27To them God willed to make
known what are the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles:
whicha is Christ in you, the hope of glory. 28Him we preach, warning every man
and teaching every man in all wisdom,
that we may present every man perfect
in Christ Jesus. 29To this end I also labor,
striving according to His working which
works in me mightily.
Not Philosophy but Christ
For I want you to know what a great
conflict I have for you and those in
Laodicea, and for as many as have not
seen my face in the flesh, 2that their
hearts may be encouraged, being knit together in love, and attaining to all riches

1:2aNUText omits and the Lord Jesus Christ.


1:6aNUText and MText add and growing.
1:14aNUText and MText omit through His
blood. 1:27aMText reads who.

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225

Colossians 2:3

1356

of the full assurance of understanding,


to the knowledge of the mystery of God,
both of the Father anda of Christ, 3in
whom are hidden all the treasures of
wisdom and knowledge.
4Now this I say lest anyone should
deceive you with persuasive words. 5For
though I am absent in the flesh, yet I am
with you in spirit, rejoicing to see your
good order and the steadfastness of your
faith in Christ.
I am convinced that the influence
of an army of godly women will be
incalculablein our homes, our
churches, and our culture.

Nancy Leigh DeMoss


1959

6As you therefore have received


Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk in Him,
7rooted and built up in Him and established in the faith, as you have been
taught, abounding in ita with thanksgiving.
8Beware lest anyone cheat you
through philosophy and empty deceit,
according to the tradition of men, according to the basic principles of the
world, and not according to Christ. 9For
in Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily; 10and you are complete in
Him, who is the head of all principality
and power.

Not Legalism but Christ


11In Him you were also circumcised
with the circumcision made without
hands, by putting off the body of the
sinsa of the flesh, by the circumcision of
Christ, 12buried with Him in baptism,
in which you also were raised with Him
through faith in the working of God,
who raised Him from the dead. 13And
you, being dead in your trespasses and
the uncircumcision of your flesh, He
has made alive together with Him, having forgiven you all trespasses, 14having
wiped out the handwriting of requirements that was against us, which was
contrary to us. And He has taken it out
of the way, having nailed it to the cross.
15Having disarmed principalities and

9780718076313_int_06_rom_rev_nkjvamericanwomens.indd 1356

powers, He made a public spectacle of


them, triumphing over them init.
16So let no one judge you in food or
in drink, or regarding a festival or a new
moon or sabbaths, 17which are a shadow
of things to come, but the substance is of
Christ. 18Let no one cheat you of your
reward, taking delight in false humility
and worship of angels, intruding into
those things which he has nota seen,
vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind,
19and not holding fast to the Head, from
whom all the body, nourished and knit
together by joints and ligaments, grows
with the increase that is from God.
20Therefore,a if you died with Christ
from the basic principles of the world,
why, as though living in the world, do
you subject yourselves to regulations
21Do not touch, do not taste, do not
handle, 22which all concern things
which perish with the usingaccording
to the commandments and doctrines of
men? 23These things indeed have an
appearance of wisdom in self-imposed
religion, false humility, and neglect of
the body, but are of no value against the
indulgence of the flesh.
Not Carnality but Christ
If then you were raised with Christ,
seek those things which are above,
where Christ is, sitting at the right hand
of God. 2Set your mind on things above,
not on things on the earth. 3For you
died, and your life is hidden with Christ
in God. 4When Christ who is our life
appears, then you also will appear with
Him in glory.
5Therefore put to death your members which are on the earth: fornication,
uncleanness, passion, evil desire, and
covetousness, which is idolatry. 6Because of these things the wrath of God is
coming upon the sons of disobedience,
7in which you yourselves once walked
when you lived in them.
8But now you yourselves are to
put off all these: anger, wrath, malice,
blasphemy, filthy language out of your
mouth. 9Do not lie to one another, since
you have put off the old man with his
deeds, 10and have put on the new man
who is renewed in knowledge according

2:2aNUText omits both of the Father and.


2:7aNUText omits in it. 2:11aNUText
omits of the sins. 2:18aNUText omits not.
2:20aNUText and MText omit Therefore.

12/14/15 1:53 PM

FORGIVENESS
A BI OG RAP H Y

Coretta Scott King


1927 2006

If anyone has a complaint against another; even as


Christ forgave you, so you also must do.
COLOSSI A NS 3:13

Born April 27, 1927, Coretta Scott grew up on a farm in Alabama. Her parents
worked hard to provide her with every advantage they could, but they could
not provide her freedom from the ills of a segregated society. There were no
school buses for the African-American children, their schools were poorer, they
were barred from restaurants and swimming pools, and signs stating White
Only and Colored Only were seen everywhere.
Still, Coretta was successful in many ways. Graduating as the valedictorian
from Lincoln High School in 1945, Coretta won a scholarship to Antioch
College in Yellow Springs, Ohio, where she earned a bachelor of arts in music
and education. Because there was less oppression and division between races in
the North, while in college, Coretta was free to become active in helping tear
down barriers. She joined the local chapter of the NAACP, the Race Relations
Committee, and the Civil Liberties Committee, at the school. It was through
organizations like these that the modern civil rights movement was born.
In addition to her Antioch degree, Coretta also won a scholarship to study
vocal performance at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston.
While there, she met a young man who would change the course of her life;
Martin Luther King Jr. was studying theology at nearby Boston University. In
June of 1953, they were married.
The couple stayed in Boston until Coretta finished her degree in voice and
violin, and then moved to Montgomery, Alabama. Martin had landed a job as
pastor of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church. Life seemed settled and secure,
and the Kings were ready to start their family. They would soon have four
children: Yolanda, Martin Luther III, Dexter Scott, and Bernice.
Racial tension escalated in Montgomery after Rosa Parks was arrested for
refusing to give her bus seat to a white man. The local NAACP chapter decided to form the Montgomery Improvement Association in resistance to the
unfair treatment. Martin was asked to become the head of the association; he
organized the bus boycott that drew the attention of the world. Thus began
the splendid career of Martin Luther King Jr.
Coretta was at her husbands side as he led peaceful protest marches in cities
across the nation. Both Coretta and Martin were not only committed to fighting injustice, but determined to do so by following Jesus example of love and
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Continued on next page.

12/14/15 1:53 PM

compassion for those doing wrong. Martin became the most well-known voice
in the movement, advocating nonviolent resistance and gaining the support
of many thinking Americans with his passionate, yet reasonable and generous
attitude. Others involved in the civil rights movement, however, saw the Kings
as weak and an obstacle to the cause of equality. The Kings endured hate mail,
threats of all kinds, and even the bombing of their home.
Coretta had an amazing singing voice and had studied music to further her
career. However, her singing ambitions took a backseat as Coretta raised her four
children. Always a woman of dynamic energy, focusing on her family did not keep
her from organizing, publicizing, and performing in Freedom Concerts, a series
of events that told the civil rights story through music, narration, and poetry.
The Kings were both in high demand as speakers, both nationally and internationally. Coretta became the first woman to deliver the Class Day address at
Harvard. As an activist for nonviolence, international peace, and disarmament, she
attended the 1962 Disarmament Conference in Geneva, Switzerland, as a delegate.
After her husbands death by a snipers bullet on April 4, 1968, Coretta
chose not to react with hatred and revenge, but continued to work for equality
and nonviolent resolution of difficulties. She built the Martin Luther King Jr.
Center for Nonviolent Social Change, which houses a civil rights museum and
library and offers training and seminars. Over the next thirty-eight years, she
met with world leaders, founded and supported organizations, and worked sideby-side with people seeking to spread love to those who had promoted hate. In
1969, she published a memoir, My Life with Martin Luther King Jr.
Coretta remained active in social justice issues throughout her life. She led
the fifteen-year campaign to establish Martins birthday as a national holiday.
President Ronald Reagan championed and signed the bill in 1983 that established the third Monday of January, 1984, as the first official Martin Luther
King Jr. Day. In accomplishing her goal, Martin Luther King Jr.s story and
the battle for civil rights and racial equality through nonviolence has been
solidified in American history. As late as 1985, she and three of her children
were arrested for protesting apartheid at the South African embassy; ten years
later, she stood next to Nelson Mandela as he was sworn in as president. She
is widely quoted as saying, The greatness of a community is most accurately
measured by the compassionate actions of its members.
Coretta Scott King died January 30, 2006. She was buried next to her
husband with the words of 1 Corinthians 13:13 on her crypt: And now abide
faith, hope, love, these three; but the greatest of these is love. Coretta embodied the love of Christ with her life, and her love in the face of violence remains
not only an example for us as Americans but as Christ-followers.
For more on Forgiveness, see the articles on pages 53, 60, 329, 1017 & 1387.
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1359

to the image of Him who created him,


11where there is neither Greek nor Jew,
circumcised nor uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave nor free, but Christ
is all and in all.
Character oftheNew Man
12Therefore, as the elect of God, holy
and beloved, put on tender mercies,
kindness, humility, meekness, longsuffering; 13bearing with one another,
and forgiving one another, if anyone
has a complaint against another; even
as Christ forgave you, so you also must
do. 14But above all these things put on
love, which is the bond of perfection.
15And let the peace of God rule in your
hearts, to which also you were called
in one body; and be thankful. 16Let the
word of Christ dwell in you richly in all
wisdom, teaching and admonishing one
another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your
hearts to the Lord. 17And whatever you

DILIGENCE
Rising to the Occasion

Colossians 3:23

hen James Garfield was a Congressman, his family lived with


him in Washington, D.C. At times, his
wife, Lucretia, felt burdened by baking;
it occurred to her that it might help if
she changed her attitude and tried to
make the best bread in the world. She
made a note of her newfound outlook in
her diary:
It seemed like an inspiration,
and the whole of my life grew
brighter. The very sunshine seemed
flowing down through my spirit
into the white loaves, and I now
believe my table is furnished with
better bread than ever before; this
truth, as old as creation, seems just
now to have become fully mine
that I need not be the shrinking
slave of toil, but its regal master,
making whatever I do yield its best
fruits.
For more on Diligence, see pages 744 & 1193.

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Colossians 4:9

do in word or deed, do all in the name of


the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the
Father through Him.
TheChristian Home
18Wives, submit to your own husbands, as is fitting in the Lord.
19Husbands, love your wives and do
not be bitter toward them.
20Children, obey your parents in all
things, for this is well pleasing to the
Lord.
21Fathers, do not provoke your children, lest they become discouraged.
22Bondservants, obey in all things
your masters according to the flesh,
not with eyeservice, as men-pleasers,
but in sincerity of heart, fearing God.
23And whatever you do, do it heartily,
as to the Lord and not to men, 24knowing that from the Lord you will receive
the reward of the inheritance; fora you
serve the Lord Christ. 25But he who does
wrong will be repaid for what he has
done, and there is no partiality.
Masters, give your bondservants

what is just and fair, knowing that


you also have a Master in heaven.

Christian Graces
2Continue earnestly in prayer, being
vigilant in it with thanksgiving; 3meanwhile praying also for us, that God
would open to us a door for the word, to
speak the mystery of Christ, for which
I am also in chains, 4that I may make it
manifest, as I ought to speak.
5Walk in wisdom toward those who
are outside, redeeming the time. 6Let
your speech always be with grace, seasoned with salt, that you may know how
you ought to answer each one.
Final Greetings
7Tychicus, a beloved brother, faithful minister, and fellow servant in the
Lord, will tell you all the news about
me. 8I am sending him to you for this
very purpose, that hea may know your
circumstances and comfort your hearts,
9with Onesimus, a faithful and beloved
brother, who is one of you. They will
make known to you all things which are
happening here.
3:24aNUText omits for. 4:8aNUText
reads you may know our circumstances and he
may.

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Colossians 4:10

1360

10Aristarchus

my fellow prisoner
greets you, with Mark the cousin of
Barnabas (about whom you received instructions: if he comes to you, welcome

ENCOURAGEMENT
Beyond the Mess
Colossians 4:6

enjamin West, a famous portrait


painter at the time of the American
Revolution, remembers one of his earliest attempts to paint.
He had been left to care for his little
sister and used the time to paint her portrait in colored inks. He was oblivious
to the mess he made; when his mother,
Sarah, returned she did not scold him
for the disorder. Rather, she picked up
his painting and exclaimed, Why, its
Sally! and gave him a kiss.
That simple act of encouragement gave
Benjamin an inheritance beyond worth; it
gave him his future. He liked to say, My
mothers kiss made me a painter.
For more on Encouragement, see pages 808 & 1365.

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him), 11and Jesus who is called Justus.


These are my only fellow workers for
the kingdom of God who are of the
circumcision; they have proved to be a
comfort tome.
12Epaphras, who is one of you, a
bondservant of Christ, greets you, always laboring fervently for you in
prayers, that you may stand perfect and
completea in all the will of God. 13For
I bear him witness that he has a great
zeala for you, and those who are in Laodicea, and those in Hierapolis. 14Luke
the beloved physician and Demas greet
you. 15Greet the brethren who are in
Laodicea, and Nymphas and the church
that is in hisa house.
Closing Exhortations and
Blessing
16Now when this epistle is read
among you, see that it is read also in the
church of the Laodiceans, and that you
likewise read the epistle from Laodicea.
17And say to Archippus, Take heed to
the ministry which you have received in
the Lord, that you may fulfill it.
18This salutation by my own hand
Paul. Remember my chains. Grace be
with you. Amen.
4:12aNUText reads fully assured.
4:13aNUText reads concern. 4:15aNU
Text reads Nympha... her house.

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1 THESSALONIANSs
Author: Paul
Date: Around a.d. 51
Setting: Thessalonica
Thessalonica was the capital of Macedonia and its largest city. It was located on the
main Roman highway to the east, called the Via Egnatia. Pauls stay in Thessalonica
was cut short because of opposition from the Jewish congregation.

Theme: Holiness in Light of Christs Return


Paul had been forced to leave the Thessalonians prematurely, and his concern for
them caused him to send Timothy to check on their progress in the faith. His great
relief upon hearing Timothys positive report prompted Paul to write this warm
epistle of commendation, exhortation, and consolation. Paul closes 1 Thessalonians
with instructions regarding the return of the Lord, whose advent signifies hope and
comfort for believers both living and dead.

Insights
Paul encouraged the young Thessalonian believers to persevere in living for God,
even in the midst of persecution. He taught them not only doctrine, but also application.
When difficult times come our way, we can draw deep on our faith and learn
even more about our Savior. American hymn writer Eliza E. Hewitt knew this firsthand. She suffered a back ailment that could become nearly incapacitating. She
used this trial as an opportunity to strengthen her faith and spur her on to learn
even more about Christ. This desire is reflected in her song, More About Jesus:
More about Jesus would I know,
More of His grace to others show;
More of His saving fullness see,
More of His love who died for me.

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226

1 Thessalonians 1:1

1362

Greeting
Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy,

To the church of the Thessalonians


in God the Father and the Lord Jesus
Christ:
Grace to you and peace from God our
Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.a
Their Good Example
2We give thanks to God always for
you all, making mention of you in our
prayers, 3remembering without ceasing
your work of faith, labor of love, and patience of hope in our Lord Jesus Christ in
the sight of our God and Father, 4knowing, beloved brethren, your election by
God. 5For our gospel did not come to you
in word only, but also in power, and in
the Holy Spirit and in much assurance,
as you know what kind of men we were
among you for your sake.
6And you became followers of us and
of the Lord, having received the word in
much affliction, with joy of the Holy
Spirit, 7so that you became examples to
all in Macedonia and Achaia who believe. 8For from you the word of the Lord
has sounded forth, not only in Macedonia and Achaia, but also in every place.
Your faith toward God has gone out, so
that we do not need to say anything.
9For they themselves declare concerning
us what manner of entry we had to you,
and how you turned to God from idols
to serve the living and true God, 10and
to wait for His Son from heaven, whom
He raised from the dead, even Jesus who
delivers us from the wrath to come.

Pauls Conduct
For you yourselves know, brethren,
that our coming to you was not in
vain. 2But evena after we had suffered
before and were spitefully treated at
Philippi, as you know, we were bold in
our God to speak to you the gospel of
God in much conflict. 3For our exhortation did not come from error or uncleanness, nor was it in deceit.
4But as we have been approved by
God to be entrusted with the gospel,
even so we speak, not as pleasing men,
but God who tests our hearts. 5For neither at any time did we use flattering
words, as you know, nor a cloak for
covetousnessGod is witness. 6Nor did

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we seek glory from men, either from you


or from others, when we might have
made demands as apostles of Christ.
7But we were gentle among you, just
as a nursing mother cherishes her own
children. 8So, affectionately longing for
you, we were well pleased to impart to
you not only the gospel of God, but also
our own lives, because you had become
dear to us. 9For you remember, brethren,
our labor and toil; for laboring night and
day, that we might not be a burden to
any of you, we preached to you the gospel of God.
Great necessities call out great
virtues.

Abigail Adams
17441818

10You are witnesses, and God also,


how devoutly and justly and blamelessly we behaved ourselves among you who
believe; 11as you know how we exhorted, and comforted, and chargeda every
one of you, as a father does his own children, 12that you would walk worthy of
God who calls you into His own kingdom and glory.

Their Conversion
13For this reason we also thank God
without ceasing, because when you
received the word of God which you
heard from us, you welcomed it not as
the word of men, but as it is in truth,
the word of God, which also effectively works in you who believe. 14For
you, brethren, became imitators of the
churches of God which are in Judea in
Christ Jesus. For you also suffered the
same things from your own countrymen, just as they did from the Judeans,
15who killed both the Lord Jesus and
their own prophets, and have persecuted
us; and they do not please God and are
contrary to all men, 16forbidding us to
speak to the Gentiles that they may be
saved, so as always to fill up the measure
1:1aNUText omits from God our Father and
the Lord Jesus Christ. 2:2aNUText and M
Text omit even. 2:11aNUText and MText
read implored.

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1363

of their sins; but wrath has come upon


them to the uttermost.
Longing to See Them
17But we, brethren, having been taken away from you for a short time in
presence, not in heart, endeavored more
eagerly to see your face with great desire. 18Therefore we wanted to come to
youeven I, Paul, time and againbut
Satan hindered us. 19For what is our
hope, or joy, or crown of rejoicing? Is
it not even you in the presence of our
Lord Jesus Christ at His coming? 20For
you are our glory and joy.
Concern for Their Faith
Therefore, when we could no longer endure it, we thought it good to
be left in Athens alone, 2and sent Timothy, our brother and minister of God,
and our fellow laborer in the gospel of
Christ, to establish you and encourage
you concerning your faith, 3that no one
should be shaken by these afflictions;
for you yourselves know that we are appointed to this. 4For, in fact, we told you
before when we were with you that we
would suffer tribulation, just as it happened, and you know. 5For this reason,
when I could no longer endure it, I sent
to know your faith, lest by some means
the tempter had tempted you, and our
labor might be in vain.

Encouraged by Timothy
6But now that Timothy has come to
us from you, and brought us good news
of your faith and love, and that you always have good remembrance of us,
greatly desiring to see us, as we also to
see you7therefore, brethren, in all our
affliction and distress we were comforted concerning you by your faith. 8For
now we live, if you stand fast in the
Lord.
9For what thanks can we render to
God for you, for all the joy with which
we rejoice for your sake before our God,
10night and day praying exceedingly that
we may see your face and perfect what is
lacking in your faith?
Prayer for theChurch
11Now may our God and Father
Himself, and our Lord Jesus Christ,
direct our way to you. 12And may the

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1 Thessalonians 4:14

Lord make you increase and abound in


love to one another and to all, just as
we do to you, 13so that He may establish your hearts blameless in holiness
before our God and Father at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ with all His
saints.
Plea for Purity
Finally then, brethren, we urge and
exhort in the Lord Jesus that you
should abound more and more, just as
you received from us how you ought to
walk and to please God; 2for you know
what commandments we gave you
through the Lord Jesus.
3For this is the will of God, your
sanctification: that you should abstain
from sexual immorality; 4that each of
you should know how to possess his
own vessel in sanctification and honor,
5not in passion of lust, like the Gentiles
who do not know God; 6that no one
should take advantage of and defraud
his brother in this matter, because the
Lord is the avenger of all such, as we
also forewarned you and testified. 7For
God did not call us to uncleanness, but
in holiness. 8Therefore he who rejects
this does not reject man, but God, who
has also givena us His Holy Spirit.

A Brotherly and Orderly Life


9But concerning brotherly love you
have no need that I should write to you,
for you yourselves are taught by God to
love one another; 10and indeed you do
so toward all the brethren who are in all
Macedonia. But we urge you, brethren,
that you increase more and more; 11that
you also aspire to lead a quiet life, to
mind your own business, and to work
with your own hands, as we commanded you, 12that you may walk properly
toward those who are outside, and that
you may lack nothing.
TheComfort ofChrists Coming
13But I do not want you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning those who
have fallen asleep, lest you sorrow as
others who have no hope. 14For if we
believe that Jesus died and rose again,
even so God will bring with Him those
who sleep in Jesus.a
:8aNUText reads who also gives. 4:14aOr
4
those who through Jesus sleep

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1 Thessalonians 4:15

1364

15For

this we say to you by the word


of the Lord, that we who are alive
and remain until the coming of the
Lord will by no means precede those
who are asleep. 16For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a
shout, with the voice of an archangel,
and with the trumpet of God. And the
dead in Christ will rise first. 17Then
we who are alive and remain shall be
caught up together with them in the
clouds to meet the Lord in the air. And
thus we shall always be with the Lord.
18Therefore comfort one another with
these words.

HOPEFULNESS
Lets Roll

1 Thessalonians 4:13

isa Beamer and her husband, Todd,


had returned from a business trip
on September 10, 2001. Early the next
morning, when Todd left to catch another flight to San Francisco, neither of them
dreamed it would be his final journey.
As the news of the destruction of
the World Trade Center unfolded on
live television, Lisa waited anxiously to
hear from Todd. Then the news flashed
that there had been another plane crash,
this time in a field in Pennsylvania. Lisa
knew it was Todds flight.
Later, it was established through recorded phone conversations that Todd
and others on the flight had decided to
make an attempt to wreck the hijacked
plane before it could reach its proposed
target. Todds last recorded words were
Lets roll.
Left to raise three young children
as a widow, Lisas actions mirrored her
husbands faith and heroism. In the
midst of her own grief, she continued to
think of others. She spoke publicly and
wrote of her faith in God and her assurance that she would see her husband
again. She commended his heroism and
brought hope that, even in the midst of
the very worst things, God is still lovingly in control.
For more on Hopefulness, see pages 868 & 1350.

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TheDay oftheLord
But concerning the times and the
seasons, brethren, you have no
need that I should write to you. 2For
you yourselves know perfectly that the
day of the Lord so comes as a thief in the
night. 3For when they say, Peace and
safety! then sudden destruction comes
upon them, as labor pains upon a pregnant woman. And they shall not escape.
4But you, brethren, are not in darkness,
so that this Day should overtake you
as a thief. 5You are all sons of light and
sons of the day. We are not of the night
nor of darkness. 6Therefore let us not
sleep, as others do, but let us watch and
be sober. 7For those who sleep, sleep
at night, and those who get drunk are
drunk at night. 8But let us who are of
the day be sober, putting on the breastplate of faith and love, and as a helmet
the hope of salvation. 9For God did not
appoint us to wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord J esus Christ,
10who died for us, that whether we
wake or sleep, we should live together
with Him.
11Therefore comfort each other and
edify one another, just as you also are
doing.

Various Exhortations
12And we urge you, brethren, to recognize those who labor among you, and
are over you in the Lord and admonish
you, 13and to esteem them very highly
in love for their works sake. Be at peace
among yourselves.
14Now we exhort you, brethren,
warn those who are unruly, comfort
the fainthearted, uphold the weak, be
patient with all. 15See that no one renders evil for evil to anyone, but always
pursue what is good both for yourselves
and for all.
16Rejoice always, 17pray without
ceasing, 18in everything give thanks; for
this is the will of God in Christ Jesus for
you.
19Do not quench the Spirit. 20Do not
despise prophecies. 21Test all things;
hold fast what is good. 22Abstain from
every form of evil.
Blessing and Admonition
23Now may the God of peace Himself
sanctify you completely; and may your
whole spirit, soul, and body be preserved

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A B

19

L
T
ou

an
ill
fo

at
st
a

in
sa
pr
ad
hu
ce

he
w
in
on

ba
of
fo
w

by
co
go
liv
w

ENCOURAGEMENT
A BI OG RAP H Y

Helen Steiner Rice


19001981

Therefore comfort each other and edify one another, just as you also are doing.
1 T H E S S A L O N I A N S 5:11

Love changes darkness into light and makes the heart take a wingless flight.
This quote from Helen Steiner Rice summarizes the sensitive soul of one of
our nations most recognized poets.
After a fairly unremarkable childhood, Helen Steiner was forced to put
any hope of college aside when her father, a railroad worker, died of a sudden
illness just prior to her high school graduation. At the age of eighteen, she was
forced to find a job and become the sole breadwinner for her mother and sister.
Helen hired into the Lorain Electric Light and Power Company. Both creative and ambitious, Helens talents resulted in a series of promotions. While
still in her twenties, she became their advertising manager. In the early 1920s,
a woman in such a responsible position was rare indeed.
Helens talents gained the attention of the burgeoning electric industry. Still
in her twenties, she found herself traveling around the country as its ambassador. She became an accomplished speaker and often incorporated into her
presentations the importance of womens opinions in shaping products and
advertising campaigns. Helen became well-known for her skills as a lecturer,
humorist, organizer, and promoter, all rare distinctions for an early-twentiethcentury woman.
From the beginning of her speaking career, she made a practice of asking
her heavenly Father for help, and she continued to do this throughout her life
when speaking or writing. The depth of her faith and her incredible ability to
inspire and encourage others came into greater focus when Helen struck out
on her own as a motivational speaker.
Her speaking schedule took her to Dayton, Ohio, where she met a wealthy
banker named Franklin Rice. The two fell in love and were married in January
of 1929. Only nine months later, the stock market crashed and Franklins entire
fortune was lost. Helen took a job with the Gibson Art Company, and began
working to pay off their debts. Tragically, Franklin committed suicide in 1932.
After her husbands death, Helen struggled out of debt and depression. Bit
by bit, she began to understand that her own suffering served to make her more
compassionate toward others. Even in her pain, she developed a reputation as a
good and true friend. She was an encouragement and inspiration to all whose
lives she touched. Helens upbeat philosophy and refusal to complain bore
witness to her deep-seated faith.
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Continued on next page.

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1 Thessalonians 5:24

1366

During her years with the Gibson Art Company, Helen wrote thousands of
poems that reflected her sure faith in God. Many were the result of her desire
to reach out to friends, relatives, and co-workers with hope and solace at critical
points in their lives. Her verses came to the attention of Gibsons vice president.
This began Helens most recognized lifeworkher greeting cards have become
a part of the very fabric of our nation. Eventually, Helen became the editor-inchief of Gibson, a position she held for forty-two years.
Throughout her life, Helen recognized her ability to encourage and inspire
others as a God-given gift. She understood that the words she wrote were a
vehicle God used to highlight His love and compassion.
Before her death in 1981, Helen set up the Helen Steiner Rice Foundation.
It was her wish that this foundation continue to be a channel of Gods love to
the world even after her death. Since its establishment in the final years of her
life, the foundation has awarded millions to charities and it remains a beacon
of hope, just as Helen would have wanted.
All of Helens life philosophy can be summed up in a few of her own words:
I believe in miracles. I believe in prayer. I know God is the answer to everything.
For more on Encouragement, see the articles on pages 607, 632, 691, 808, 1360, 1400 & 1406.
blameless at the coming of our Lord
Jesus Christ. 24He who calls you is faithful, who also will doit.
25Brethren, pray forus.
26Greet all the brethren with a holy
kiss.

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27I charge you by the Lord that this


epistle be read to all the holya brethren.
28The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ
be with you. Amen.

5:27aNUText omits holy.

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WOMEN OF THE
CIVIL RIGHTS
MOVEMENT

Laying New Foundation Stones

A Dangerous Dichotomy
The roots of the Civil Rights movement of the 1960s reach
far back into American history. The language of the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights
declares freedom and equality to be basic human rights. The
hypocrisy of a nation founded on the principles of liberty
and equality, yet continuing to maintain a system of slavery,
is staggering. It does not seem possible that a nation could
continue to function long with this dichotomy. The evils of
slavery and white supremacy fermented for nearly a hundred
years before erupting into civil war.
When the Fourteenth Amendment cemented the Emancipation Proclamation by declaring, All persons born or naturalized in the United States . . . are citizens of the United
States, it appeared that slavery was dead at last. The Fifteenth
Amendment, which gave black men the right to vote, put another nail into its coffin. Yet, sadly, with all these advances, the
country was a long way from fully accepting its dark-skinned
people as equal citizens.

7_AWB civil rights.indd 1

1/14/16 5:29 AM

For one hundred years after the Civil War, African-Americans experienced segregation, discrimination, humiliation, oppression, even
persecution and death, all with no legal recourse. In the South, laws
actually forbade integration; but in other areas of the country discrimination ran rampant as well. A number of ex-slaves returned to Africa;
but not many wanted to go. For all its evils, America was their home;
what they wanted was to be accepted as citizens.

The First Steps of a Journey


In spite of oppression and disadvantages, many African-Americans
worked hard to make conditions better for their children. A few began
to gain respect and, in subtle ways, their accomplishments chipped
away at the color barriers.
One of the most famous of the early challengers to racism was
the singer Marian Anderson, a world-famous artist. She was lauded
by most of the world; in her own nation, she had the wrong color
skin. When the Daughters of the American Revolution refused to allow
her to sing in Constitution Hall, First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt publicly
dropped her membership in the DAR and arranged an outdoor concert
that drew a crowd of seventy thousand, highlighting to many the idiocy
of such racist rules.
Throughout the years, outstanding African-Americans suffered
under unfair treatment. In some cases, like Marian Andersons, the
public response served to highlight the deplorable realities of discrimination. However, none accomplished changing the laws that actually
mandated segregation and inequality.
A group of African-Americans committed to legal social change
formed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People; they began working to overturn unjust laws and regulations.
Constance Baker Motley, a young African-American woman, was an

Civil Rights Act of 1964

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1/14/16 5:29 AM

First Lady Eleanor


Roosevelt with Marian
Anderson, 1953
PHOTO: THE U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES
NAACP lawyer who actively pursued school
discrimination cases in the 1940s and 50s.
She was involved in preparing the arguefor
ef
oree th
thee Su
SSupreme
prem
pr
emee Co
Cour
urtt
ments in the Texas suit that was brought before
Court
and led to the 1954 decision that any form of school segregation was
unconstitutional. This ruling did not end segregation, but it did declare
it illegal and, therefore, prosecutable.

The Beginning of a Dream


In December of 1955, a year and a half after the Supreme Court decision disallowing school segregation, an event in the deep South set the
Civil Rights movement on fire.
Rosa Parks, of Montgomery, Alabama, refused to give up her
bus seat to a white passenger. She was arrested. Rosa was not the first
African-American to defy the bus segregation laws; but in her, the
NAACP recognized a perfect candidate for a successful lawsuit. In support of Rosas stance, the black community in Montgomery organized
a boycott of the city bus system. Led by Martin Luther King Jr., this
nonviolent, organized protest became the prototype for similar actions
in other cities. A feeling of solidarity swept the African-American community as marches, peaceful protests, and sit-ins began to spring up
everywhere. Once again, the Supreme Court ruled against segregation;
the bus system was forced to integrate.
In the following years, Constance Motley and others worked on
many lawsuits that set new precedents. Constance persevered through
two and a half years in the Mississippi courts to force the University of
Mississippi to accept its first black student; the feat was accomplished
in 1962. With each legal success, the hostility grew; in several cases
military and police protection had to be called in.

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As school integration began to be enforced, it was the children


who had to pay the highest price. The law could force the schools
to allow them entrance, but it could not enforce kindness or acceptance. When Maryland integrated its schools in 1962, a handful of
bright, outgoing African-American children were carefully chosen
to be the first to enter a previously all-white junior high school.
They were successful students, but after two years of daily struggle,
every single one went to a private high school.
Generations of abuse and bigotry could not be corrected in
just a few short years, but the Civil Rights movement was well on
its way. New legal precedents forced the slow movement of reform
to begin. The signs saying white
and colored were taken down, and
opportunities for education and advancement began to open up.

Vision for the Future


The work of eliminating racial discrimination in America is not complete, but inroads accomplished thus
far have brought lasting changes.
In 1929, First Lady Lou Hoover received hate mail for inviting the wife
of an African-American congressman to tea in the White House. In
2009, the first African-American
First Lady moved into the White
Rosa Parks with
House.
Dr. Martin Luther
King Jr. (ca. 1955)
In 1972, Barbara Jordan became the
first black woman from a southern state to be
elected to the House of Representatives. In a
1992 speech
s
speech, she said:
We are one, we Americans, and we reject
any intruder who seeks to divide us by race or class. We honor
cultural identity. However, separatism is not allowed. Separatism
is not the American way.

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