Speculative model debt model when ¥' (t) = BY"(t). Discuss the behavior of Dit)/ (0 ast> -2(a) Obtain the differential equation of the path described by a particle moving under a central force per unit mass. (b) Show that the force required to make a particle of mass m move in a circular orbit of radius a with velocity v is mv’/ a directed towards the centre. 3(a) Discuss the cobweb model. (b) Discuss the Richardson model for Arms race 4(a) Explain , in detail, Hardy-Weinberg law. (b) Discuss the Gambler’s ruin problem. Explain the special cases when n=1 orn = a— Lin this problem. (6) State Lagrange expansion theorem. Use it to obtain the power series expansions in powers of € of the solutions of @u=ateuw (i)u=a+ee™ (iu = a + € sinu 6{a) Discuss the two point boundary value problem of a second order linear homogeneous differential equation with variable coefficients. (b) Consider the linear system ul =v, v’=—(1+ ©)*u with the periodic solutions u2 (1+ ©)? +v? =k? Obtain these from the corresponding curves ofu’ = v, v’ = —w bby a perturbation technique. 4{a) Apply the renormalization technique to solve the Van Der pol equation we te@?—Du tu =0. (b) Show that all solutions of ea = Ax goto zero as t approaches infinity ifand only ifall of ‘the characteristic roots of A have negative real parts,