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1. C 224 / 31 1992
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2.
, 1997
3. The Amsterdam Treaty: A Comprehensive Guide, European Commission, DG
for Education and Culture, 1999
4. Europe in Figures, Eurostat 1992, Third Edition
5. Treaty of Amsterdam: What has Changed in Europe, European Commission
1999
6. , .. ,
( ), 1994
7. 1992,
Patrick Ventourini, , 1989
8. The Treaty of Amsterdam, Dossier (vol. 1) Team Europe May 1998
9. Treaty on European Union: Text in Full of the Treaty on European Union,
EUROPE, Documents, No 1759/60, 7 February 1992

89

10. European Parliament Resolution on the State of Progress of European Union

and Ratification of the Maastricht Treaty, EUROPE, Documents No 1803/ 16
October 1992
11. The Treaty of Economic and Monetary Union Amendments to the European
Economic Community Treaty approved at the European Council of Maastricht,
EUROPE, Documents, No 1752/1753 , 20 December 1991
12. , ,
1
1993 1/11/1993
13. : , 12
1992, ,
3
SN 4562/92 1
14. : , 9-10
1991, SN 271/1/91
15. Urwin Derek, The Community of Europe, Longman London 1991
16. ., ., (). :
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,

2. ( 2082/93), 4253/88
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, 2083/93
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91

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, , ,
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, 2006, . 2).

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93

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1999. 34
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Abruzzi ,
, 1996.
34
2 , 95-96
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95-99.

97

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98

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99


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103

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70. ,
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D) .

,
.

,
.

,
.
.. .
,
(public holding companies),
. ,
. ,

, management. ,

. , National
Enterprise Board, 1979,
.
,
,
, (equity) .

104


, :
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
,
- ( minority participation)
5.1.2.

.

.

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.

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105

 ()
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:
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. .


.


,
.

. , .. (Business in the Community, Press Release
May 1985), ,
1985 :
- : 48%
- : 24,5%

106

- : 24,5%

(.. Scottish and Welsh Development Agencies).
,
,
,

.
, ,
. , 1984,
:

107

 1984

-
- ()
-
-

-
-

M.S.C.

- ()

( )

-
-

( )

- &

- ( )

-
-
-

: Community Business in Scotland 1984 Directory, Glasgow

5.1.3.
,

.
1970 ,
, ,

108

 .
.
, (Mezzogiorno)

.
(casa per il
Mezzogiorno).
,

.

.
, 1970,
. , , ,
. 1970

.
, .
6-8
.
,

.
,
.
, Casa per il Mezzogiorno, 1968,
,
, .
,
:

109

( )

( )

(management).

.
1973 .
Banca Industriale 15
.
Mezzogiorno (1183/2.5.76)

.
20 .
:
-
-
-
- .
, (1997)
(consortia)
(Mezzogiorno).

.
Mezzogiorno
1974, 70,
, .
-
( Veneto, Friuli,
Emilia Romana, Tuscany, Hazche Umbria).

( ),
.

110

(,

, ) .

,
.
.


.

.
1972
(S.O.D.I.). ,
.

5,1% 54%.
.
,
. 1982
.
( ) .
,
.
1982, .
.
, 1984 (5)
1986
,
.
,
, ,

111

 ,
.

,
:
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:
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.
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(equity
participation) .
:
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(, , / ,
) .

112

(iii) :

.
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.

. .
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,
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30.12.70)
1959
.
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.
1970

.
.
.
) :
,
. ,
.

1978,

113


.
) :
() (1962)
:


( ).
, ,
holding company,
( ..
, ).
:
-

,
, 1977 Socobecon (
, ...) 1980
, , , , .
1980 :
- 2 . .
,
, , .

(equity participation)
, , ,
, .

114

- .
,
,
,
1978.

.
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1970
.
.
( , , )
,

.
5.1.5.

,
. :
-

.
,
. .. Mezzogiorno
,
1970-76
.

115


- .
Mezzogiorno
, - (..
) ,
,
.

( ).


.

,


( ,
)
.
,
,
- ,
. 12
35 ,

.

,
,
.

35

BIC (March 1985) Local Enterprise Agencies Surveyed, London.

116


.
. 20%
, 5%
36 .
, :
-

36

OECD 85.13 (1985): High Level Conference on the Role of Large Firms in Job Creation and
Entrepreneurship, Paris.

117





,
.
. (Framework Programme) 37
1984,

. ,
( & )
1980.
&
:
)
) .

,
,
,
,
.
1 5 1984 1987
5396 . ECUs,
:

37

,
, www.ec.europa.eu/research

118

(.ECUs)

i.

375

1.1.

80

1.2.

34

1.3.

261

ii.

2275

2.1.

1600

2.2.

550

2.3.

125

iii)

845

3.1.

400

3.2.

220

3.3.

45

3.4. standards,

180

iv)

280

4.1.

120

4.2.

105

4.3.

55

v) ENE

1173

5.1. :

440

5.2.

611

5.3.

122

vi) E

80

vii)

80

7.1.

50

7.2.

30

119

viii)

288

8.1. Stimulation
(Science)

180

8.2.

30

8.3.

23

8.4
+

55
5396

, :
2 1987 1991,
3 1987 1991,
4 1987 1991,
5 1987 1991,
6 1987 1991,
7 1987 1991.


, :
-

BRITE / EURAM

, BRITE (
)
EURAM ( )
.
.
(13 ) (1984 1988) 3 . ECUs.,
(1987 1991),
(16 ) 2,5 . ECUs.

120

- ESPRIT (European Programme for Research and Development in Informations

Technologies)

1984 ESPRIT,
. 5 ESPRIT
, 750 . ECUs, ( 1989)
3.200 . ECUs.
.
11.8%
1.2%
8.37 ECU. ESPRIT
28%
2% 15.000 ECU.
-

RACE (Research and Development in Advanced Communications Technologies

in Europe)

RACE .
1987 550 .
ECUs. 8 2
( -
- ), 3 (,
, ) 3
(INTRACOM A.E., INTRASOFT A.E. ALPHA S.A.I.).
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- DRIVE (Dedicated Road Infrastructure for Vehicle Safety in Europe)
DRIVE
. ,
1989. 4 .
ECUs, 6% . 12
: 3 ( - ,
/ ),

121

 ( ) 8
.
- DELTA (Development for European Learning Through Technological Advance
Explorations Action)
DELTA

, 1989 (
29 1988).
1 . ECU. 10
: 1 () 9 .
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)
1988 5 (1988
1992). :
1:
+
.
2: /.

SPRINT.
VALUE :

33.0 . ECUs

II

5.0 . ECUs

38.0 . ECUs

122

 7 (2007 2013): 38
7
. 2007 2013,

, 53,2 . , 63% 6 .

2%
3% 2010.
:
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38

:
www.cordis.europa.eu/fp7/.
39
. www.ec.europa.eu/research/enquiries

123

 .
:
- COMETT (European Community Programme on Cooperation between Universities
and Industry Regarding Training in the Field of Technology)

.
COMETT 1986 :
)

,
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COMETT:
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.
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, .
4.
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1987 (): (5 ) , ,
, , . 1988 ():

124

, , , ,
, , , , ,
, (13
).
. SPRINT (Strategic Programme for Innovation and Technology
Transfer
SPRINT ,
1983.

(1983 1986). 1987
SPRINT.

(human networks) 72.8% .
( ,
.. ) 16.8%
4.6% .
5.6% 0.38% ,
.
SPRINT
286/89 17-4-89 4 (1989 1993).


.
(strands) SPRINT :
.
.
.
.
SPRINT
(Specific Projects) .

125

 ( ), 12 , 19
, 4 , 14 , 25 , 14 , 4
, 8 , 8 , 15 .
IV.
, 1988
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13 ,

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126


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127

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128

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129

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1964, ,
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1983-87
( ),
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() 1985,
1987

130

(..) , ,

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6.2

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... ,
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. :
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132

 1985, 1000
). ... ,

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(. 63 .1416/84)

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133

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135

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40

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136

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(.3463/2006) ,
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137


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138

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139

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141

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144

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145

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154


1994 -1999
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(
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, ,

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155


, ,
.
1989-1993
1989-1993
, ,
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.

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7,200 cus,
13,000 . Ecus,

1500 ecus . ,

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,
1000 ecus.
,
1993 : ,
50,000 ,
70%
20% .
,
1989-1993 . 1993
93% .

.

.

156

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1993 (..
) 41
, , , , ,
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9% . ,


. ,

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41

EC STRUCTURAL FUNDING: A BUSINESS ASSESSMENT Report to the EC DGXXII from the

Industry Confederations of France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Spain and the UK on the potential of
the ECregions of the Community 31st MARCH 1993

157

,
.
,
(17,4%), (12,2%),
(5,2%). 47%
,
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.

(58%) ,

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,
.


,
.
,
.
,

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.

158


1,
,
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,
, leasing,
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,
.
.
1994-1999
.
1994-1999 :
1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
.
,
1994-99 29.721.300 ecus ( 1994
1/1/1999 1 ECU = 1 ).
7.069.900 ,
13.980.000 8.671.400 .
1986-1999 :

159

1986-

1989-

1994-

1989*

1993

1999

( . Ecus**,

( . Ecus**,

( . Ecus**,

1986)

1989)

1994)

2.101.933

14.342.054

29.721.3000

695.740

5.801.196

7.069.900

2.576.000

7.193.241

13.980.000

210.193

1.346.617

8.671.400

* 1989
** 1 ecu = 1 ( 1/1/1999)
:

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160


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162

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167

2. ()
1994-1999 10%
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168

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