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(percentage of older population less than 7), but the size of their older population
has already surpassed 5 millionIndonesia, 16.9 million; Bangladesh, 8.7 mil
Indonesia, for example (Figure 3-9), experienced a nearly 50 percent reduction in
the total dependency ratio from 1980 (121) to 2015 (70), due in large measure
to a sharp fertility decline and corresponding decrease in the youth dependency
ratio. The youth dependency ratio dropped from 114 in 1980 to 59 in 2015, while
the older dependency ratio increased slightly from a mere 7 to 11 over the same
period, providing an ideal opportunity to reap the demographic dividend.
However, looking forward, while Indonesias total dependency ratio is projected
to increase just slightly to 74 in 2050, the contributing factors will be shifted due
to both ongoing fertility decline and increasing life expectancy. By 2050, the
youth dependency ratio will decrease further to 41 and the older dependency
ratio will rise sharply to 33.
Wan He, Daniel Goodkind, and Paul Kowal U.S. Census Bureau, International
Population Reports, P95/16-1, An Aging World: 2015, U.S. Government Publishing
Office, Washington, DC, 2016.