ANATOMY OF THE PHARYNX

Supervisor:
dr. Oscar Djauhari, Sp. THT-KL
Presented by:
Rizka Aulia Hermawati
(2012730153)

OROPHARYNX

Waldeyers Ring
A ring at beginning of food and
air passage.
composed of a series of the
tonsils.
The tonsils are
pharyngeal tonsil
the paired palatine tonsils
unpaired lingual tonsil at the
base of the tongue.
tubopharyngeal folds on the
posterior wall of the oropharynx
and nasopharynx.

Physiology of Swallowing
There are 3 phase of swallowing process:
1.Oral Phase
2.Pharyngeal phase
3.Esophageal phase

Physiology of Swallowing

ANATOMY OF THE
LARYNX

Anatomy of the larynx

Larynx is situated in the
midline of the neck.
From 3rd to 6th cervical
vertebrae.
Consists of :
a framework of
cartilages,

connected by ligaments
and membranes
lined by a mucous
membrane and moved
by muscles.

11

Laryngeal cartilages
Unpaired

Paired

1. Thyroid
2. Cricoid
3. epiglottis

1.Arytenoid
2.Corniculate
3.Cuneiform

Thyroid cartilage
An oblique line is running
downward and forward on the
surface of each lamina,
It is the site of muscular
attachment.

Cricoid cartilage
Resembles a signet
ring, narrow in front
and broad behind.
Ossification begins at
30 and may be
complete by 65,
generally begins at the
inferior border
Consists of lamina and
arch.

Cartilage of epiglottis
Rises up behind
the tongue.
It is a thin leaflike sheet of
elastic
fibrocartilage.

Arytenoid cartilages
Pyramidal in
shape;
Posterior surface
is triangular and
concave, it
extend laterally
into a muscular
process.

Corniculate cartilages
(The cartilages of Santorini)
They articulate with the apices of the
arytenoid cartilages and prolong them
backwards and medially.
They give attachments to the upper fibers of
the oesophagus.

Cuneiform cartilages
(The cartilages of Wrisberg)
Are small bars of yellow elastic cartilage.
There is one in each ary-epiglottic fold,
where it acts as a passive prop.
They do not articulate with any other
cartilage.