SUGGEESTED VALUES OF STANDARD DEVIATION

GRADE OF
CONCRETE

STANDARD DEVIATION FOR DIFFERENT DEGREE OF CONTROL

VERY GOOD (1)

GOOD (2)

FAIR (3)

M10
M15
M20
M25
M30
M35
M40
M45
M50
M55
M60

2.0
2.5
3.6
4.3
5.0
5.3
5.6
6.0
6.4
6.7
6.8

2.3
3.5
4.6
5.3
6.0
6.3
6.6
7.0
7.4
7.5
7.8

3.3
4.5
5.6
6.3
7.0
7.3
7.6
8.0
8.4
8.7
8.8

2
0

2.3
0

3.3
0

60
0

2.3

3.3

60

TARGET STRENGTH

t
1.65

2.3

13.795
APPROXIMATE ENTRAPPED AIR CONTENT
MAXIMUM SIZE
ENTRAPPED AIR AS % OF
OF
VOLUME OF CONCRETE
AGGREGATE
10

3.0

20
40
1

2.0
1.0
0.99

SPECIFIED
CONDITIONS
OF EXPOSURE
0.6

PPROXIMATE SAND AND WATER CONTENTS PER

CONCTERE

W/C=0.60 , WORKBILITY=0.80C.F(APPLICABLE FOR CO

M35)
MAXIMUM SIZE
OF AGGREGATE
10
20
40
165

PPROXIMATE SAND AND WATER CONTENTS PER

CONCTERE

W/C=0.35 , WORKBILITY=0.80C.F(APPLICABLE FOR

GRADE M35)
MAXIMUM SIZE
OF AGGREGATE

0.55

0.6

CHANGE IN
CONDITIONS

WATER
CEMENT RATIO
COMPACTING
FACTOR
ZONE OF SAND
SHAPE OF
AGGREGATE
TOTAL

10
20
0
165
PER CENT ADJUSTMENT REQUIRED
WATER CONTENT

SAND IN
TOTAL
AGGREGATE

ABSOLUTE
VOLUME OF
AGGREGATE

REQUARED
WATER CONTENT

CEMENT

0
3

0
0

FINE AGGREGATE
COARSE
AGGREGATE

WATER

CEMENT

0.60
30
29

1.00
50
50

FINE
AGGRETE
2.03
102
104

COARSE
AGGREGATE
4.67
233
140
93

D DEVIATION

RENT DEGREE OF CONTROL

W/C RATIO (%)
60
55
52
48
43
39
43
42
41
40
39

PROXIMATE SAND AND WATER CONTENTS PER CUBIC METRE OF

CONCTERE

60 , WORKBILITY=0.80C.F(APPLICABLE FOR CONCRETE UPTO GRADE

M35)
WATER CONTENT INCLUDING SAND AS PER CENT OF
SURFACE WATER,PER CUBIC TOTAL AGGRETE BY
METRE OF CONCRETE (Kg)
ABSOLUTE VOLUME
200
186
165
30

40
35
30

PROXIMATE SAND AND WATER CONTENTS PER CUBIC METRE OF

CONCTERE

=0.35 , WORKBILITY=0.80C.F(APPLICABLE FOR CONCRETE ABOVE

GRADE M35)
WATER CONTENT INCLUDING SAND AS PER CENT OF
SURFACE WATER,PER CUBIC TOTAL AGGRETE BY
METRE OF CONCRETE (Kg)
ABSOLUTE VOLUME

200
180
0
30

40
35

30.00
169.95
283
575.0
1321.0

260.95

0.261

1.27
0.99

0.001
0.729

0.700
2.33

0.300

Fck

STANDARD
DEVIATION

10

SPECIFIC
GRAVITY OF
COARSE
AGGREGATE

MAXIMUM
EXPOSURE 1=MILD,
SIZE OF
2=MODERATE,
AGGREGATE
3=SEVERE
40

SPECIFIC
SPECIFIC
GRAVITY OF
GRAVITY OF
FINE
CEMENT
AGGREGATE

2.59

2.63

WATER

CEMENT

0.60

1
50

TYPE OF
COMPACTING
CONCRETE
FACTOR
1=RCC, 2=PCC
2

0.9

CEMENT CONTENT

3.11

400

FINE
AGGRETE
2.03
102

COARSE
AGGREGATE
4.67
233

283

TARGET
STRENGTH

FRACTION-I
FRACTION-II

brand
grade
other size

13.8

SHAPE OF
ZONE OF
AGGREGATE
SAND
1=ROUND,2=
1,3,4
ANGULAR
2
2

cement
VISHNU
43

1
2
3
4
5

Design Strength
Degree of Quality Control
Type of Exposure
Maximum size of Aggregate
Degree of workability

M10
GOOD
MODERATE
40mm
0.9CF

1
2
3
4
5

Cement used
Coarse Aggregates
Fine Aggregates
Target Mean Strength
Water Cement Ratio
Water Content
Sand as %ge by Total Volume

VISHNU 43 Grade of Specific Gravity 3.11

40mm & HBG Metal of Specific Gravity 2.59
Sand confirms to Zone -2 of Specific Gravity 2.63
Fck+1.65s = 10 + 1.65 x 2.3 = 13.795 N/mm2
0.6
165 lit
30 %

Adjustments Water Content (%)

Sand(%)
a) Increase or Decrease in
3%
0
Compaction factor by 0.10
b) Each 0.05 incraese or
0
0%
decrease in W.C. Ratio
c) For Sand conforming to
0
0%
Zone
3%
0%
Sand Content
30 %+ 0% = 30%
Water Content
165 lit + 3% = 169.95 lit
Cement Content
169.95lit/0.6 =283kg
However adopt a cement content of
283 Kg
Entrapped Air
1 % for 40mm Aggregate
Fine aggragegate
(169.95 + (283/3.11) + (1/0.3 x FA / 2.63 )) x 1000 =
=575 kg
Coarse Aggregate
(169.95 + (283/3.11) + (1/0.7 x CA / 2.59 )) x 1000 =
=1321 kg

0.99
0.99

Accordingly Mix Design is carried out and the Mix proportion of ingredients as shown below
WATER
CEMENT
FA
CA
169.95 lit
283 kg
575Kg
1321Kg
0.60
1
2.03
4.67
For 50 Kg of Cement the quantities of material are worked out as for below
CEMENT
FA
CA
50 KG
102
233

MIX RATIO WHEN QUANTITIES ARE GIVEN

CEMENT
GIVEN
PER 1 CUM
VOLUME RATIO
BULK DENSITY
WEIGHTS/ 1 CUM
WEIGHTS RATIO

SAND

0.512
0.675
0.356
0.675
1.00
1.90
1440.00
1500.00
1440 2847.65625
1.00
1.98

COARSE AGGREGATE
20MM
10MM
0.81
0.54
0.810
0.540
3.80
1580.00
5999.0625
4.17

MIX RATIO WHEN WEIGHTS ARE GIVEN

CEMENT
GIVEN
BULK DENSITY
WEIGHTS RATIO
VOLUME RATIO

1
1440.00
1440.00
1.00

SAND
1.98
1500.00
2851.20
1.90

COARSE AGGREGATE
20MM
10MM
4.17
1580.00
6004.80
3.80

20MM : 10MM
60 : 40

20mm MSA
S.NO

PLAIN CC
CEMENT
WCR
(KG/CUM)

EXPOSURE

RCC
CEMENT
WCR
(KG/CUM)

Structural componenet completely

protected against weather or
aggressive conditions

220

0.70

250

0.65

Structural componenet saturated

with water buried concrete in soil
and continuously under water

250

0.60

290

0.55

310

0.50

360

0.45

360

0.45

400

0.45

400

0.45

3
4
5
6
7
8

Structural component exposed to

sea vwater and subject to heavy
corrosive fumes
Structural component of bridges
Structural component of bridges (
pre-stressed)
Dams, spillways ans mass concrete
structures
Cement concrete roads
Cement concrete lining

150-230
350
250

0.60

335
-

40mm MSA
S.NO

PLAIN CC
CEMENT
WCR
(KG/CUM)

EXPOSURE

RCC
CEMENT
WCR
(KG/CUM)

Structural componenet completely

protected against weather or
aggressive conditions

198

0.70

250

0.65

Structural componenet saturated

with water buried concrete in soil
and continuously under water

225

0.60

290

0.55

279

0.50

360

0.45

324

0.45

400

0.45

400

0.45

3
4
5
6
7
8

Structural component exposed to

sea vwater and subject to heavy
corrosive fumes
Structural component of bridges
Structural component of bridges (
pre-stressed)
Dams, spillways ans mass concrete
structures
Cement concrete roads
Cement concrete lining

135-207
315
225

0.60

335
-

12.5mm MSA
S.NO

EXPOSURE

PLAIN CC
CEMENT
WCR
(KG/CUM)

RCC
CEMENT
WCR
(KG/CUM)

Structural componenet completely

protected against weather or
aggressive conditions

242

0.70

250

0.65

Structural componenet saturated

with water buried concrete in soil
and continuously under water

275

0.60

290

0.55

341

0.50

360

0.45

396

0.45

400

0.45

400

0.45

3
4
5
6
7
8

Structural component exposed to

sea vwater and subject to heavy
corrosive fumes
Structural component of bridges
Structural component of bridges (
pre-stressed)
Dams, spillways ans mass concrete
structures
Cement concrete roads
Cement concrete lining

165-253
385
275

0.60

335
-