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Table of Contents

Executive Summary..................................................................................................... 1
Country Introduction.................................................................................................... 1
Obstacles..................................................................................................................... 2
No Access To Water................................................................................................... 2
Pollution of Water...................................................................................................... 2
NGO Introduction......................................................................................................... 3
Plan.............................................................................................................................. 4
Other Initiatives........................................................................................................... 4
Concluding Remarks.................................................................................................... 5
Appendix...................................................................................................................... 6
Bibliography................................................................................................................. 7

NGO FUNDING:
WELLWATER

REPORT ON WHY YOU SHOULD INVEST


Yashaswi Thapa
CGC-1DR-B
Ms. Kerr

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Executive Summary
This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the current and future needs of
Nepals water system, and how WellWater can change it. Methods of analysis include
statistical data on the wellbeing of citizens, current issues, the effects of the case,
and others. Results show that the situation in Nepal is in an unstable state right now,
where to fix it, it will need lots of help. Especially in the areas of sanitation and
bringing water resources.
The report finds the prospects of Nepal in its current position are not positive. The
major areas of weakness require further investigation and remedial action by the
government and by other people. Recommendations discussed include:

Improving the methods of water collection


Improving/increasing the number of water sanitation centers
Reducing overall surface water contamination/pollution

Country Introduction
Famous for its astonishing appearance, towering mountains, and spirited people,
Nepal is a unique country. It is the birth country of Buddhism and many historical
Hindu figures but is more commonly known as the home of Mount Everest, the
worlds tallest mountain above sea level, and the home of the tallest mountains from
3rd to 10th place. With all these wondrous possessions, it is difficult to see the pains
and sorrows of the Nepalese people behind all of the positive limelight. The
disturbing truth is that Nepal needs help.
Nepal is a relatively small country with an area of 147 188 km, a population of 27
million and the population density of around 183 people per km. A ranking made by
2015 data based on the GDP ranked Nepal at level 30 with a GDP of 2,516.94
(international dollars) [Global Finance Magazine, 2016]. This data was out together to
show the worlds poorest countries. A shocking 42% of the population is under
poverty line [The Water Project]. The life expectancy in Nepal is an average amount
with males living till approximately 67.3 and females living to about 69.7 [Life
Expectancy in Nepal] and in world life expectancy ranking, Nepal ranked as the 125th
highest.
Statistically, the country is very underdeveloped and facing many problems, but
there are also many challenges that they face geographically. Nepal is a landlocked
country. Thus, they do not have any massive bodies or water or easy access to
surface water. Unfortunately, it is also built directly on top of the borders of the
Eurasian Plate and the Austral-Indian plate (see appendix picture A), which often form
the motion of transformation (when the plates slide against each other). This can
cause major quakes, similar to the earthquake on April 25th, 2015, and many small
tremors as well. The plates have also converged in the past to make the Himalayas.
There are many things that Nepal needs help with, but many of those problems are
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unsolvable as they are problems that occur due to the geography of the country, but
a problem that continuously reoccurs and effects majority of the statistical data is the
issue Nepal has with water.

Obstacles
Due to Nepal being landlocked, there is no significant water source, such as an
ocean, by the country and this is a major problem for them. Currently, there is a
growing issue on the water supply for the country as traditional sources are drying
up. Due to this event, many people do not have access to the water supply and those
that are fortunate enough to have access have the concern of unsafe drinking water.

NO ACCESS TO WATER
A vast majority of Nepal does not have an adequate supply of water, and all of these
places tend to be rural areas. The majority of the countryside in Nepal are
mountainous and hilly, thus making it difficult to travel for the inhabitants. A massive
8% of the countryside lack any access to water [Charity Water, 2015]. Also, many in
remote areas have to rely on small brooks running from the mountains and spend
hours traveling just to collect it. In the higher mountainous regions, the routes to
water sources are often long and complicated, and they must carry heavy loads
across steep paths and ravines resulting in serious injuries [See appendix b]. Many
people are not with their family just to walk hours to collect water, and in the end,
even risking their lives for it. The extreme landscape presents a range of challenges
for all the citizens such as remote sources, contamination, dwindling supplies, etc.
The general landscape of Nepal is a major reason that people do not have water, and
it is currently a challenge for the citizens to find a way around it. The only way to get
around this problem is with help.

POLLUTION OF WATER
The drying of the water resources has not only resulted in areas where people do not
have any water or have difficulties in collecting water, but it has also led to polluted
waters for cities that do have access to it. Department of water supply and sewage in
Nepal, an estimated 80% of total population has access to drinking water, but it is
not safe [The Water Project, 2014]. In Kathmandu valley, the surface and ground
water are dirty. The surface water is polluted by industry and domestic waste along
with the discharge of untreated sewage [The Water Project, 2014]. Kathmandu is
estimated to produce 150 tons of waste daily, almost half of this is dumped into the
river, and 80% of the waste water is generated by households [The Water Project,
2014]. Many of the residents whose garbage ends up in the precious water do not
even understand the unseen dangers of the water and most dont realize that they
are the ones that are causing it to occur. 42% of deaths under age five are caused by
malnutrition, which is exacerbated by dirty drinking water [The Charity Water]. This
problem has been making the child mortality rate in Nepal higher. In Nepal of the
kids (Ages 0-6) are underweight [The Charity Water] this makes all those kids also
more likely to water-borne diseases. An estimated 44 000 children during every year
from water-borne diseases [The Water Project]. An easy solution could be bringing in
water from aboard or another area of the country but supplied water is often
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polluted. Water pollution is not only an issue in the cities but also in the countryside.
Major concerns, especially in the region off Terai, [see appendix c] is the groundwater
contamination from arsenic. Terai regions contain sedimentary layers of sand, gravel
deposits interlocked with a flood . plans carried by rivers is extremely vulnerable to
arsenic contamination [Its Your Health, 2006]. If an arsenic poisoning does occur,
then it can have many armfuls to the citizens. Long-term exposure to low doses of
arsenic may change the way cells communicate, reduce the ability to function,
according to researchers at Dartmouh University [Its Your Health, 2006]. Arsenic
plays a role in the development of diabetes, cancer, vascular disease and lung
disease [Its Your Health, 2006], that is why many Nepali families have generations of
diabetes in their family tree. Long-term exposure to high levels of arsenic is
associated with higher rates of skin cancer, bladder cancer\ lung cancer\heart
disease. Short-term exposure (days/weeks) to elevated levels of arsenic can result in
abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea, muscular cramping or suffering, weakness
and flushing of skin, skin rash, numbness, burning or tingling sensation or pain in
hands and feet. In Terai, the risk of food contamination increases, and it also
increases in the city areas.

NGO Introduction
My NGO is WellWater. We are a nonprofit organization bringing clean, safe drinking
water to people in the country of Nepal. Our goal is to improve the overall state of
Nepals water by 2022.
The goals of WellWater are:

Implement more water sanitation stations


Make water systems for easier access to water
Teach citizens about proper hygiene and installing proper garbage disposal
areas
Bring in appropriate general sanitation practices

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Plan
With the 1 billion dollars our plan is to achieve all our current goals and make Nepal a
country where all fundamental rights are available. Our goal is first to start with
educating the citizens in the about their part in the water systems of Nepal. In
Nepals large cities, including Kathmandu [see appendix d], high rates of urbanization
are over saturating the existing water supply systems and many do not realize the
damage. The public lacks awareness and education on proper sanitation issues thus
our NGO will give classes and general information about the importance of hygiene. A
key step to solving this problem is making proper sanitation areas. 27% have access
to proper sanitation and those without access to sanitation rely on local surface water
sources like rivers for bathing and washing clothes, which is only making the state of
the water worse. Thus, we plan on making the general sanitation systems better. We
will do this by creating more places such as public bathhouses, public washrooms and
those kinds of things not only in the cities but also in the countryside. We also plan to
make a few proper garbage disposal areas so as to reduce the amount of waste that
gets dumped into the water Establishments of water treatment facilities are limited in
Nepal, which is not helping to clean up the current state. Thus we plan to put in 10
million dollars to create more water sanitation areas around the main cities and major
water routes.
Our overall Financial Plan is:

$10 million Building new water sanitation facilities

$3 million Clearing up the land for the new sanitation facilities

$100 million Public Sanitation stations

$300 million Proper disposal areas

$500 million Creating new technologies and systems for easy water collection

$10 million Educating about sanitation

$30 million Emergency Money

$47 million plans

Other Initiatives
CHARITY WATER
The charity started to work in Nepal in 2010 and is still working there. They have
served a total of 226 557 people and have funded 1130 projects, which means they
have invested a total of $6 940 765 in the country's water systems. Some the
solutions they used were:
Drilled water
Water purification systems
Hand dug wells
Rain purification systems
Rainwater catchers
Gravity fed systems
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Although they worked hard, they have not had much progress considering that they
have been working there for five years. The number of people they have helped is
very lacking, but their solutions are creative.

WATER AID
Water Aid has a statistic from themselves saying that they meet/help 220 people in
an hour with safe water (in 2014-2015). In the two years that they have worked for in
Nepal, Water Aid has reached 2 million with clean water, 3.1 million with sanitation,
and 8.2 million with hygiene. Their primary solution for the water crisis is using
systems that collect rainwater and other than that, they bring in water that they have
clarified and processed.

Concluding Remarks
In conclusion, Nepal is a country with many struggles and fundamental human rights
issues. Although the Nepalese people try to act strong, deep within they know that
they are too fragile to hand this problem. They need outside help. My NGO WellWater
has decided that their cry for help should be answered and that we should assist
them in. Through this report we have gone through the several key problems in
Nepals water system and how they are affecting the Nepalese people. If the
investment of 1 billion dollars were to go into WellWater, then we will do our best to
be the hand that pulls Nepal out of the depressing dark hole that they are living in.

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Appendix

A) An image of the plate tectonics and a little area that shows were Nepal is

B) An elderly Nepali woman travelling back home with water

C) An image of Nepals Major Natural Divisions and shows how big the Terai
region is

D) An image of Nepal and where Kathmandu is in Nepal

Bibliography
"Addressing Nepal's Water Crisis." The Diplomat. N.p., n.d. Web. May 2016.
<http://thediplomat.com/2015/04/addressing-nepals-water-crisis/>.
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"Common Menu Bar Links." It's Your Health. N.p., 14 Dec. 2006. Web. May 2015.
<http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hl-vs/iyh-vsv/environ/arsenic-eng.php>.
"Global Finance Magazine - The Poorest Countries in the World." Recent GFM Updates
RSS. N.p., 2016. Web. May 2016. <https://www.gfmag.com/global-data/economic-data/thepoorest-countries-in-the-world?page=12>.
"Life Expectancy in Nepal." World Life Expectancy. N.p., n.d. Web. May 2016.
<http://www.worldlifeexpectancy.com/nepal-life-expectancy>.
"Nepal." Clean Water Projects In. N.p., n.d. Web. May 2016.
<http://www.charitywater.org/projects/countries/nepal>.
"Water In Crisis - Spotlight Nepal." The Water Project. N.p., n.d. Web. May 2016.
<http://thewaterproject.org/water-crisis/water-in-crisis-nepal>.
"WaterAid Nepal - What We Do - The Crisis - Water." WaterAid Nepal - What We Do - The
Crisis - Water. N.p., n.d. Web. May 2016. <http://www.wateraid.org/np/what-we-do/thecrisis/water>.
Digital image. The DND Sanctuary. Jax, n.d. Web.
<http://mapcollection.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/world-map-of-tectonic-plateboundaries.jpg>.
Nepal Country Profile. Digital image. BBC News. BBC, 24 Feb. 2014. Web. May 2016.
<http://ichef-1.bbci.co.uk/news/1024/cpsprodpb/FA68/production/_85940146_nepal.gif>.
Nepal Major Natural Divisions. Digital image. InfoNepal. N.p., 18 Feb. 2011. Web. May 2016.
<http://1.bp.blogspot.com/8zuNBHbcjoQ/TV6DskhF_QI/AAAAAAAAADc/6_evBqmq7Sc/s1600/blog+2.1.jpg>.
Plate Tectonics on Map. Digital image. Tectonic Activities. N.p., n.d. Web. May 2016.
<https://s3.amazonaws.com/engrade-myfiles/4009118301982559/world-map-of-tectonicplate-boundaries.jpg>.

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